Linux中的yum的配置以及常见报错的处理

一. 今天登录服务器的时候，误把yum所在的cache文件夹中的文件删除掉了，导致yum不能够使用，解决的方法：

　　显示错误如下：

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors YumRepo Error:
All mirror URLs are not using ftp, http[s] or file. /Eg. removing
mirrorlist with no valid mirrors: /var/cache/yum/addons/mirrorlist.txt
Error: Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo: addons

　　不知道什么时候把mirrors.txt文件给去掉了。

　　后来查了一下有这么一串。

 ./var/cache/yum/base/mirrorlist.txt url:
 http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://ftp.nsysu.edu.tw/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://ftp.tc.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/Linux/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://ftp.stu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://ftp.twaren.net/Linux/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://ftp.cs.pu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://mirror01.idc.hinet.net/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://centos.mirror.cdnetworks.com/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://centos.tt.co.kr/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://data.nicehosting.co.kr/os/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://mirror.khlug.org/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://mirror.yongbok.net/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://ftp.daum.net/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://mirror.averse.net/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 http://mirrors.sin1.sg.voxel.net/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 ./var/cache/yum/updates/mirrorlist.txt url:
 http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://mirrors.stuhome.net/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://ftp.stu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://mirror01.idc.hinet.net/CentOS/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://ftp.tc.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/Linux/CentOS/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://ftp.cs.pu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://ftp.daum.net/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://mirror.khlug.org/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://data.nicehosting.co.kr/os/CentOS/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://centos.tt.co.kr/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://mirror.averse.net/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 ftp://ftp.oss.eznetsols.org/linux/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://mirrors.sin1.sg.voxel.net/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://centos.vr-zone.com/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://rsync.atworks.co.jp/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 http://ftp.nara.wide.ad.jp/pub/Linux/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
 ./var/cache/yum/addons/mirrorlist.txt url:
 http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/addons/x86_64/
 ./var/cache/yum/extras/mirrorlist.txt url:
 http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://mirrors.stuhome.net/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://ftp.cs.pu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://ftp.stu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://ftp.tc.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/Linux/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://mirror01.idc.hinet.net/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://data.nicehosting.co.kr/os/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://mirror.khlug.org/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://ftp.daum.net/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://centos.tt.co.kr/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://centos.vr-zone.com/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://mirror.averse.net/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://mirrors.sin1.sg.voxel.net/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 ftp://ftp.oss.eznetsols.org/linux/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/linux/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
 http://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/Linux/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/

 对应的把这些url拷贝到mirrorlist.txt文件中去就ok啦。

二.Linux中yum的配置：

　　执行yum的时候，报如下的错误：

 Error Downloading Packages:
     openssl-devel-1.0.1e-.el6_5..i686:failure: Packages/openssl-devel-1.0.1e-.el6_5..i686.rpm  base: [Errno ] No more mirrors to try.
     openssl-devel-1.0.1e-.el6_5..i686:failure: Packages/openssl-devel-1.0.1e-.el6_5..i686.rpm  base: [Errno ] No more mirrors to try.
     openssl-devel-1.0.1e-.el6_5..i686:failure: Packages/openssl-devel-1.0.1e-.el6_5..i686.rpm  base: [Errno ] No more mirrors to try.
     openssl-devel-1.0.1e-.el6_5..i686:failure: Packages/openssl-devel-1.0.1e-.el6_5..i686.rpm  from base: [Errno ] No more mirrors to try.

　　解决的方法：

 执行yum clean all 清除缓存目录下的软件包及旧的headers；
 接着执行 yum list 重新列出所有已经安装和可以安装的软件包；
 重新执行上述命令，发现yum编译成功；
 注意：如果执行 yum list 报错，那就检查一下yum仓库是否有问题；并清除/etc/yum.repos.d/下多余.repo文件！

三. Centos更改yum源与更新系统

 　　[] 首先备份/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
          mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

     [] 进入yum源配置文件所在文件夹
          [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

     [] 下载163的yum源配置文件，放入/etc/yum.repos.d/(操作前请做好相应备份)
          [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
         [] 运行yum makecache生成缓存
          [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache

     [] 更新系统
          [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y update