【方法】Oracle用户密码含特殊字符时的登陆问题

1.1  BLOG文档结构图

1.2  前言部分

1.2.1  导读和注意事项

各位技术爱好者，看完本文后，你可以掌握如下的技能，也可以学到一些其它你所不知道的知识，~O(∩_∩)O~：

① 用户密码含有特殊字符，如@、%、&、￥、#等字符，如何修改密码及登录数据库（重点）

② exp或expdp的时候使用sys用户导出

Tips：

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② 文章中用到的所有代码、相关软件、相关资料及本文的pdf版本都请前往小麦苗的云盘下载，小麦苗的云盘地址见：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1624453/。

③ 若网页文章代码格式有错乱，请下载pdf格式的文档来阅读。

④ 在本篇BLOG中，代码输出部分一般放在一行一列的表格中。

本文若有错误或不完善的地方请大家多多指正，您的批评指正是我写作的最大动力。

1.2.2  相关文章链接

【密码】Oracle用户密码系列：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2129595/

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

第二章 实验部分

2.1  实验环境介绍

项目

source db

db 类型

RAC

db version

11.2.0.3.0

db 存储

ASM

OS版本及kernel版本

RHEL 6.5

2.2  实验目标

当用户密码含有特殊字符的时候，测试sqlplus和exp、imp及expdp、impdp的登陆及修改密码问题。

2.3  实验过程

2.3.1  sqlplus连接

普通用户连接：

[oracle@orcltest admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Feb 24 09:25:35 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SYS@lhrdb> alter user lhr identified by "l@hr";

User altered.

SYS@lhrdb> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus 'lhr/"l@hr"'@LHRDB

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Feb 24 09:27:05 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

LHR@LHRDB> EXIT

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@orcltest ~]$

sys用户连接：

[oracle@orcltest admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Feb 24 09:29:09 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SYS@lhrdb>  alter user sys identified by "l@hr";

User altered.

SYS@lhrdb> exit

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus 'sys/"l@hr"'@LHRDB as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Feb 24 09:29:35 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SYS@LHRDB> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@orcltest ~]$

2.3.2  expdp连接

密码用双引号，用户名和密码用单引号括起来，然后【用户名】+【密码】+【tn】+【as sysdba】用单引号括起来，最后的这个单引号用\进行转义

expdp \''sys/"l@hr"'@LHRDB as sysdba\' DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=SCOTT%U.dmp SCHEMAS=SCOTT COMPRESSION=all metrics=y

[oracle@orcltest admin]$  expdp \''sys/"l@hr"'@LHRDB as sysdba\' DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=SCOTT%U.dmp SCHEMAS=SCOTT COMPRESSION=all metrics=y

Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Fri Feb 24 09:32:22 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

FLASHBACK automatically enabled to preserve database integrity.

Starting "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01":  "sys/********@LHRDB AS SYSDBA" DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=SCOTT%U.dmp SCHEMAS=SCOTT COMPRESSION=all metrics=y

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 192 KB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

Completed 1 USER objects in 0 seconds

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Completed 1 SYSTEM_GRANT objects in 0 seconds

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Completed 2 ROLE_GRANT objects in 1 seconds

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Completed 1 DEFAULT_ROLE objects in 1 seconds

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Completed 1 PROCACT_SCHEMA objects in 10 seconds

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Completed 4 TABLE objects in 2 seconds

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT

Completed 3 OBJECT_GRANT objects in 3 seconds

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Completed 2 INDEX objects in 1 seconds

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Completed 2 CONSTRAINT objects in 0 seconds

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Completed 2 INDEX_STATISTICS objects in 1 seconds

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT

Completed 1 REF_CONSTRAINT objects in 2 seconds

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

Completed 4 TABLE_STATISTICS objects in 14 seconds

. . exported "SCOTT"."DEPT"                              4.976 KB       4 rows

. . exported "SCOTT"."EMP"                               5.617 KB      14 rows

. . exported "SCOTT"."SALGRADE"                          4.890 KB       5 rows

. . exported "SCOTT"."BONUS"                                 0 KB       0 rows

Master table "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for SYS.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

/u02/app/oracle/admin/lhrdb/dpdump/SCOTT01.dmp

Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 09:33:19

2.3.3  修改密码中含有“@”符号

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 16 17:10:26 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SYS@lhrdb> alter user scott identified by "tiger&123";

Enter value for 123:

old   1: alter user scott identified by "tiger&123"

new   1: alter user scott identified by "tiger"

User altered.

SYS@lhrdb>

SYS@lhrdb> set define off

SYS@lhrdb> alter user scott identified by "tiger&123";

User altered.

SYS@lhrdb> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@orcltest ~]$  sqlplus 'scott/"tiger&123"'@LHRDB

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 16 17:14:00 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SCOTT@LHRDB>

SCOTT@LHRDB> set define off

SCOTT@LHRDB> alter user scott identified by "$tiger&123l@h\r/0%s,d$";

User altered.

SCOTT@LHRDB> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@orcltest ~]$  sqlplus 'scott/"$tiger&123l@h\r/0%s,d$"'@LHRDB

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 16 17:20:12 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SCOTT@LHRDB>

2.3.4  修改密码中含有双引号符号

修改scott用户的密码为：a"b

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 16 17:39:18 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SYS@lhrdb> password scott

Changing password for scott

New password:

Retype new password:

Password changed

SYS@lhrdb> conn scott/a"b

Connected.

SCOTT@lhrdb>

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus scott/a\"b

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 16 17:42:34 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SCOTT@lhrdb>

注：因为一般特殊字符可以使用双引号处理，但是如果密码中含有双引号，就不能用双引号处理，可以直接使用password修改密码。

2.4  本文结论

参考下表：

Linux平台

sqlplus工具

数据泵工具（exp、expdp）

普通用户

无tns

sqlplus 'lhr/"l@h\r/0"'

expdp 'lhr/"l@h\r/0"'

有tns

sqlplus 'lhr/"l@h\r/0"'@LHRDB

expdp 'lhr/"l@h\r/0"'@LHRDB

sys用户

无tns

sqlplus / as sysdba

expdp \'/ AS SYSDBA\'

有tns

sqlplus 'sys/"l@h\r/0"'@LHRDB as sysdba

expdp \''sys/"l@h\r/0"'@LHRDB as sysdba\'

正常密码

sqlplus sys/lhr@lhrdb as sysdba

expdp \'sys/lhr@LHRDB as sysdba\'

备注：含特殊字符密码为：l@h\r/0，正常密码为：lhr，tns为：LHRDB，总的原则为：密码用双引号括起来，用户名和密码用单引号括起来，然后【用户名】+【密码】+【tns】+【as sysdba】用单引号括起来，最后的这个单引号用\进行转义

alter user lhr identified by "l@h\r/0";

alter user sys identified by "l@h\r/0";

set define off

alter user scott identified by "$tiger&123l@h\r/0%s,d$";

alter user scott identified by "$?`$%*H\@f'\`}:H$";

password scott

Windows平台

sqlplus工具

数据泵工具（exp、expdp）

普通用户

无tns

sqlplus lhr/"""l@h\r/0"""

sqlplus lhr/\"l@h\r/0\"

expdp lhr/"""l@h\r/0"""

expdp lhr/\"l@h\r/0\"

有tns

sqlplus lhr/"""l@h\r/0"""@LHRDB

sqlplus lhr/\"l@h\r/0\"@LHRDB

expdp lhr/"""l@h\r/0"""@LHRDB

expdp lhr/\"l@h\r/0\"@LHRDB

sys用户

无tns

sqlplus / as sysdba

expdp \"/ as sysdba\"

有tns

sqlplus sys/"""l@h\r/0"""@LHRDB as sysdba

sqlplus sys/\"l@h\r/0\"@LHRDB as sysdba

正常密码

sqlplus sys/lhr@lhrdb as sysdba

expdp \"sys/lhr@LHRDB as sysdba\"

备注：含特殊字符密码为：l@h\r/0，正常密码为：lhr，tns为：LHRDB，总的原则为：密码用3个双引号括起来，或者用一个双引号括起来，然后用\将双引号进行转义   DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=dmp_SCOTT.dmp SCHEMAS=SCOTT  reuse_dumpfiles=y

About Me

...............................................................................................................................

● 本文作者：小麦苗，只专注于数据库的技术，更注重技术的运用

● 本文在itpub（http://blog.itpub.net/26736162）、博客园（http://www.cnblogs.com/lhrbest）和个人微信公众号（xiaomaimiaolhr）上有同步更新

● 本文itpub地址：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2135493/

● 本文博客园地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/lhrbest/p/6560906.html

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