JDBCTemplate基础学习

JDBCTemplate：spring提供的用于操作数据库的模板，类似DbUtils。使用时必须设置数据源（DataSource）；数据源如DBCP、C3P0等

一、JDBCAPI简单使用Demo

1、项目结构

2、创建MySQL数据库及表

create database springJDBCPro;
use springJDBCPro;
create table user(
id int primary key auto_increment,
username varchar(50),
password varchar(32)
);

创建数据库及表

3、Java代码demo

package springJDBCPro;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

public class TestApp {
    @Test
    public void demo1() throws SQLException {
        //创建数据源
        BasicDataSource basicDataSource=new BasicDataSource();
        //注册驱动
        basicDataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        //设置URL
        basicDataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springJDBCPro");
        //设置登录用户名
        basicDataSource.setUsername("root");
        //设置登录密码
        basicDataSource.setPassword("hjp123");
        // 创建模板
        JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate();
        //设置数据源
        jdbcTemplate.setDataSource(basicDataSource);
        //录入数据
        jdbcTemplate.update("insert into user(username,password) values(?,?)","Jack","Jac123");
    }
}

Demo

二、JDBC结合DBCP，通过spring操作数据库

1、项目结构

2、UserDao类代码

package springJDBCDBCP;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

public class UserDao {
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }

    public void save(String username, String password) {
         jdbcTemplate.update("insert into user(username,password) values(?,?)",username,password);
    }
}

UserDao

3、beans.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSourceId" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springJDBCPro"></property>
        <property name="username" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="hjp123"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置模板，需要数据源 -->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplateId" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceId"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置Dao，需要模板 -->
    <bean id="userDaoId" class="springJDBCDBCP.UserDao">
        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplateId"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

beans

4、测试Demo

package springJDBCDBCP;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class TestApp {
    @Test
    public void demo1() throws SQLException {
        String xmlPath="springJDBCDBCP/beans.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        UserDao userDao=applicationContext.getBean("userDaoId",UserDao.class);
        userDao.save("Tom", "Tom123");
    }
}

Demo

三、JDBC结合C3P0，通过spring操作数据库（下面用的是IDEA开发工具）

1、项目结构

2、在WEB-INF文件夹下新增lib文件夹，然后添加到项目Library，在lib里面添加项目结构图中的jar包

3、新建User类

package springJDBCC3P0;

/**
 * Created by JiaPeng on 2015/10/13.
 */
public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String userName;
    private String password;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

User

4、新建UserDao类，并且继承自JdbcDaoSupport，该类中会判断JDBCTemplate模板对象是否为空，为空自动创建，创建完后模板会自动添加数据源对象，所以在后面配置文件中添加UserDao的bean时，只注入数据源即可，而UserDao类中也无需有JDBCTemplate模板的可写对象。

package springJDBCC3P0;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.ParameterizedBeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;

/**
 * Created by JiaPeng on 2015/10/13.
 */
public class UserDao extends JdbcDaoSupport {
    public void save(String userName, String password) {
        this.getJdbcTemplate().update("insert into user(username,password) values(?,?)", userName, password);
    }

    public User find(int id) {
        String sql = "select * from user where id=?";
        return this.getJdbcTemplate().queryForObject(sql, ParameterizedBeanPropertyRowMapper.newInstance(User.class), id);
    }
}

UserDao

5、新建配置文件beans.xml，配置如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <!--配置数据源 C3P0-->
    <bean id="datasourceId" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springJDBCPro"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="hjp123"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--配置Dao，Dao继承JdbcDaoSupport类，该类会判断jdbctemplate模板是否为空，如果为空该类会创建模板对象，
    并且调用setDataSource方法，加载数据源-->
    <bean id="userDaoId" class="springJDBCC3P0.UserDao">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="datasourceId"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

beans

6、新建测试类

package springJDBCC3P0;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * Created by JiaPeng on 2015/10/13.
 */
public class TestApp {
    @Test
    public void demo1() {
        String xmlPath = "springJDBCC3P0/beans.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        UserDao userDao = applicationContext.getBean("userDaoId", UserDao.class);
        User user = userDao.find(1);
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

TestApp

四、JDBC结合C3P0，用properties文件配置数据库信息，通过spring操作数据库（下面用的是IDEA开发工具）

1、项目结构

2、新建User类

package springJDBCC3P0Properties;

/**
 * Created by JiaPeng on 2015/10/13.
 */
public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String userName;
    private String password;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

User

3、新建UserDao类继承自JdbcDaoSupport

package springJDBCC3P0Properties;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.ParameterizedBeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by JiaPeng on 2015/10/13.
 */
public class UserDao extends JdbcDaoSupport {
    public List<User> findAll() {
        String sql = "select * from user";
        return this.getJdbcTemplate().query(sql, ParameterizedBeanPropertyRowMapper.newInstance(User.class));
    }
}

UserDao

4、新建properties文件

jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springJDBCPro
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=hjp123

jdbc.properties

5、新建beans.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--加载properties配置文件，
    location用于指定配置文件位置，class:固定字符串，表示从src下获取
    在spring配置文件中就可以通过${key}方式获取-->
    <context:property-placeholder
            location="classpath:springJDBCC3P0Properties/jdbcinfo.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
    <bean id="datasourceId" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="userDaoId" class="springJDBCC3P0Properties.UserDao">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="datasourceId"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

beans

6、新建测试类

package springJDBCC3P0Properties;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by JiaPeng on 2015/10/13.
 */
public class TestApp {
    @Test
    public void demo1() {
        String xmlPath = "springJDBCC3P0Properties/beans.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        UserDao userDao = applicationContext.getBean("userDaoId", UserDao.class);
        List<User> userAll = userDao.findAll();
        for (int i = 0; i < userAll.size(); i++) {
            System.out.println(userAll.get(i));
        }
    }
}

TestApp