Chapter 1 An Overview of Computers and Programming Languages
Babylon巴比伦
loom织布机
weaver, WHO uses loom to work
census: to count the population
tabulate: make into being table
hand-held device
self-explanatory for a novice user
现在我们用的计算机采用的是John von Neumann的方案,特点是把程序指令和数据存储在同一片内存空间。
内存(main memory,RAM)直接和CPU相连,所有的程序都必须装载入内存才能被执行。所有的数据也必须进内存才能被处理。
内存由顺序排列的memory cell组成,每个memory cell在内存中有唯一的地址。这个memory cell对于不同位数计算机,由不同长度的bit构成。?????
关于ascii的位数:起初美国是7位,首位置0,后来欧洲扩展成了8位??????????
unicode用了2 bytes,Java采用Unicode,所以每一个字符由16个bit来表示。
ASCII是UNICODE的子集,Unicode的前128个字符和ASCII的128个字符一致。
java source code-->bytecode-->particular machine language-->run on the computer
bytecode is the machine language for JVM
Java程序分为applications和applets
Algorithm: A step-by-step problem-solving process in which a solution is arrived at in a finite amount of time.
两种编程方式:
structured programming/top-down design/bottom-up design/stepwise refinement/modular programming:把问题分解为子问题,每个子问题解决,然后把结果汇集,最后成为该问题的解答.
object-oriented programming
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