阿里云ECS下基于Centos7.4安装MySQL5.7.20

 1、首先登录阿里云ECS服务器，如下图所示：

2、卸载MariaDB

说明：CentOS7.x默认安装MariaDB而不是MySQL，而且yum服务器上也移除了MySQL相关的软件包。因为MariaDB和MySQL可能会冲突，故先卸载MariaDB!

3、到mysql的官网下载最新版mysql的rpm集合包。

URL如下：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

4、进入/usr/local/src目录，使用lrzsz中的rz工具进行上传。

或者直接使用linux 下的wget工具进行下载：wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar（如果没有wget工具，使用yum install -y wget进行安装）

 5、上传mysql-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar到Linux服务器，并解压tar包。

6、使用rpm -ivh命令进行安装。

安装过程中缺少依赖包libaio，使用 yum install -y libaio 进行安装。

再次使用rpm -ivh 安装

6、上面几个包有依赖关系，执行有先后顺序。

使用rpm安装方式安装mysql，安装的路径如下：

a. 数据库目录
/var/lib/mysql/
b. 配置文件
/usr/share/mysql(mysql.server命令及配置文件)
c. 相关命令
/usr/bin(mysqladmin mysqldump等命令)
d. 启动脚本
/etc/rc.d/init.d/(启动脚本文件mysql的目录)

e. /etc/my.conf(mysql数据库配置文件)

 Xshell 5 (Build 1326)
 Copyright (c) 2002-2017 NetSarang Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.

 Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
 [c:\~]$ 

 Connecting to 47.95.234.20:22...
 Connection established.
 To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

 Last login: Mon Feb 19 10:27:46 2018 from 114.240.255.235

 Welcome to Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service !

 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
 CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# uname -a
 Linux iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ 3.10.0-693.2.2.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Sep 12 22:26:13 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb
 mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ src]# yum install -y lrzsz
 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
 base                                              | 3.6 kB     00:00
 epel                                              | 4.7 kB     00:00
 extras                                            | 3.4 kB     00:00
 mysql57-community                                 | 2.5 kB     00:00
 nginx                                             | 2.9 kB     00:00
 updates                                           | 3.4 kB     00:00
 (1/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                       | 882 kB   00:00
 (2/3): epel/x86_64/primary_db                       | 6.2 MB   00:00
 (3/3): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db          | 134 kB   00:00
 Determining fastest mirrors
  * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
  * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
  * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
  * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
 Package lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
 Nothing to do
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ src]# cd /usr/local/src/
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ src]# yum install -y lrzsz
 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
  * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
  * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
  * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
  * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
 Package lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
 Nothing to do
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ src]# rz -y
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# ls
 mysql-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C /root/
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# ll
 total 1158760
 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  593274880 Sep 14 23:52 mysql-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  25090196 Sep 14 23:44 mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415    278300 Sep 14 23:44 mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   3778120 Sep 14 23:44 mysql-community-devel-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  46238924 Sep 14 23:44 mysql-community-embedded-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  24077232 Sep 14 23:44 mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 128440800 Sep 14 23:44 mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   2238604 Sep 14 23:44 mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   2115892 Sep 14 23:44 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  55538708 Sep 14 23:44 mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 171597916 Sep 14 23:45 mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  15256460 Sep 14 23:45 mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 118609776 Sep 14 23:45 mysql-community-test-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
 Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
 Updating / installing...
    1:mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.e################################# [100%]
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# rpm -ivh  mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
 Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
 Updating / installing...
    1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el7################################# [100%]
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
 Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
 Updating / installing...
    1:mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.e################################# [100%]
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
 error: Failed dependencies:
     libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64
     libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64
     libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# yum install -y libaio
 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
  * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
  * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
  * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
  * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
 Resolving Dependencies
 --> Running transaction check
 ---> Package libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7 will be installed
 --> Finished Dependency Resolution

 Dependencies Resolved

 =============================================================================================================
  Package                 Arch                    Version                         Repository             Size
 =============================================================================================================
 Installing:
  libaio                  x86_64                  0.3.109-13.el7                  base                   24 k

 Transaction Summary
 =============================================================================================================
 Install  1 Package

 Total download size: 24 k
 Installed size: 38 k
 Downloading packages:
 libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                      |  24 kB  00:00:00
 Running transaction check
 Running transaction test
 Transaction test succeeded
 Running transaction
 Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
 ** Found 2 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)
 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)
   Installing : libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64                                                              1/1
   Verifying  : libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64                                                              1/1 

 Installed:
   libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7                                                                             

 Complete!
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
 Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
 Updating / installing...
    1:mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.e################################# [100%]
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# cat /etc/passwd|grep mysql
 mysql:x:27:27:MySQL Server:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/false
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
 2018-02-19T03:15:04.391013Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
 2018-02-19T03:15:06.462877Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
 2018-02-19T03:15:06.788535Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
 2018-02-19T03:15:06.852414Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 15cbe9f9-1523-11e8-ac67-00163e08bafc.
 2018-02-19T03:15:06.854816Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
 2018-02-19T03:15:06.855447Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: monb3&s#kXfC#此处为MySQL生成的随机密码。
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# netstat -lntup|grep mysql
 tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      8124/mysqld
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# ps -aux|grep mysql
 mysql     8124  1.2  9.0 1125360 171300 ?      Sl   11:16   0:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
 root      8158  0.0  0.0 112660   972 pts/1    R+   11:16   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# mysql -u root -h localhost -P 3306 -p#登录MySQL
 Enter password:
 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
 Your MySQL connection id is 3
 Server version: 5.7.20

 Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
 affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
 owners.

 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 mysql> set password = password('123456');#设置密码
 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
 mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';#授权远程访问连接MySQL
 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
 mysql> flush privileges;#将操作即时生效
 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 mysql> quit;
 Bye
 [root@iZqmo9i3j77p7eZ ~]# systemctl enable mysqld.service#加入开机自启动