通过恢复目录（Catalogue）进行PDB级别的PITR恢复

数据库版本：Oracle 12.2.0.1

本篇为《执行PDB的PITR恢复失败的说明 (文档 ID 2435452.1)》的证明篇，通过当前控制文件，无法在PDB级别进行PITR（Point In Time Recovery）恢复出被DROP的表空间，因为当前控制文件没有记录该表空间（数据文件），必须想办法对控制文件下手，但是控制文件是CDB共享的，意味着将要影响所有数据库。具体是否要通过恢复控制文件副本（或手工重建），根据实际情况自行决定。

官方给出的意见是用目录库进行恢复。在不动控制文件的前提下，本试验采用 Catalogue 看是否能对 PDB 级别进行 PITR - 恢复出被DROP的表空间。

目录

1. 创建恢复目录

2. 创建表空间

3. 执行全备

4. 删除表空间

5. 执行PDB PITR

1. 创建恢复目录库（Recovery Catalog）

CDB2 创建表空间

SQL> create tablespace rmanbak datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB2/rmanbak01.dbf' size 10m;

Tablespace created.

CDB2 创建用户

SQL> create user c##rmanbak identified by rmanbak default tablespace rmanbak;

User created.

CDB2 用户授权

SQL> grant dba,recovery_catalog_owner to c##rmanbak;

Grant succeeded.

连接 CDB2 创建 Catalog

[oracle@henry ~]$ rman target sys/oracle@cdb catalog c##rmanbak/rmanbak@cdb2

Recovery Manager: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Aug 4 12:27:01 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: CDBOCP (DBID=357991829)
connected to recovery catalog database

RMAN> create catalog tablespace rmanbak;

recovery catalog created

CDB2 上注册 CDB 数据库

RMAN> register database;

database registered in recovery catalog
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete

2. 创建表空间

CDBOCP：PDB1 上创建表空间

SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME  OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- --------- ---------- ----------
     2 PDB$SEED      READ ONLY  NO
     3 PDB1          READ WRITE NO

SQL> alter session set container=pdb1;

Session altered.

SQL> select name from v$datafile; 

SQL> create tablespace askscuti datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/askscuti01.dbf' size 10m;

Tablespace created.

CDBOCP 切日志生归档

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

3. 执行全备

CDB2 目录库执行备份

RMAN> backup database format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/%s_%t_%U.full' tag='scuti';

4. 删除表空间

删除 CDBOCP：PDB1 上创建的表空间

SQL> alter session set container=pdb1;

Session altered.

SQL> select current_scn from v$database;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
    7746014

SQL> drop tablespace askscuti including contents and datafiles;

Tablespace dropped.

5. 执行PDB PITR

关闭 CDBOCP：PDB1数据库；

连接 CDB2 目录库进行时间点恢复。

SQL> alter pluggable database pdb1 close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

RMAN> run{
set until scn 7746014;
restore pluggable database pdb1;
recover pluggable database pdb1 auxiliary destination='/u01/app/oracle/au';
alter pluggable database pdb1 open resetlogs;
}

过程选段（44号物理数据文件被 Restore 出来）

...
...
...
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00038 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/bbb01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00043 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/rman01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00044 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/askscuti01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/backup/259_1015418683_83u8c3pr_1_1.full
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/259_1015418683_83u8c3pr_1_1.full tag=SCUTI
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16
...
...
...

查看实际路径

SQL> !ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/askscuti01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/askscuti01.dbf

查看控制文件

SQL> select file# "A",checkpoint_change# "B",name from v$datafile where con_id=3;

  A        B NAME
--- --------- -------------------------------------------------------
  9   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/system01.dbf
 10   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/sysaux01.dbf
 11   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/undotbs01.dbf
 12   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/users01.dbf
 21   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/tbs_c01.dbf
 22   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/henry01.dbf
 23   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/henry02.dbf
 24   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/test01.dbf
 25   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/test02.dbf
 31   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/impdata01.dbf
 37   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/flash_arc01.dbf

  A        B NAME
--- --------- -------------------------------------------------------
 38   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/bbb01.dbf
 43   7747033 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/rman01.dbf
 44        0 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/dbs/MISSING00044

在PDB PITR后，物理文件已经被正确的还原到了原来位置，但是控制文件里面信息记录有误，可通过手工进行修改。

连接 CDBOCP：PDB1 将表空间脱机

SQL> alter session set container=pdb1;

Session altered.

SQL> alter tablespace askscuti offline;
alter tablespace askscuti offline
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01191: file 44 is already offline - cannot do a normal offline
ORA-01111: name for data file 44 is unknown - rename to correct file
ORA-01110: data file 44: '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/dbs/MISSING00044'

更新控制文件中记录的数据文件信息

SQL> alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/dbs/MISSING00044' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/askscuti01.dbf';

Database altered.

再次对 44 号文件进行单独还原和恢复

RMAN> run{
restore datafile 44;
recover datafile 44;
}

Starting restore at 2019-08-04 13:01:07
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete
using channel ORA_DISK_1

datafile 44 is already restored to file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDBOCP/PDB1/askscuti01.dbf
restore not done; all files read only, offline, excluded, or already restored
Finished restore at 2019-08-04 13:01:13
Starting recover at 2019-08-04 13:01:13
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at 2019-08-04 13:01:15

将 CDBOCP：PDB1 表空间联机

SQL> alter tablespace askscuti online;

Tablespace altered.

所以采用 Catalogue 针对 PDB 级别进行 PITR - 可以恢复出被DROP的表空间。