微服务示例-Spring Cloud

1~开发准备

　　JDK:1.8

　　Spring Boot:1.5.9.RELEASE

　　Spring Coud:Edgware.RELEASE

　　IDE:IntelliJ IDEA 2017

　　Maven:3.3.9

2~创建服务注册中心

　　File->New->Projects->Spring Initializr

点击Next,填写信息如下:

然后点击Next,选择如下:

点击Next,然后点击Finish.项目结构如下:

其中pom.xml文件内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.human</groupId>
    <artifactId>sbc-service</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>sbc-service</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

项目初始化完成,修改resources文件夹下application.properties文件,内容如下:

server.port=8081
spring.application.name=human-service
eureka.instance.hostname=localhost
eureka.client.registerWithEureka=false
eureka.client.fetchRegistry=false
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

然后修改主程序代码如下:

package com.human.sbcservice;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class SbcServiceApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SbcServiceApplication.class, args);
    }
}

至此,一个微服务注册中心完成

3~创建微服务提供者

　大体上与创建注册中心相同,在选择依赖的时候如下图

选择完毕,点击Next,然后点击Finish,完成后项目结构如图:

pom.xml代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.human</groupId>
    <artifactId>sbc-user</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>sbc-user3</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

然后打开主程序文件,修改代码如下:

package com.human.sbcuser;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@EnableDiscoveryClient//Eureka微服务注解
@SpringBootApplication
public class SbcUserApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SbcUserApplication.class, args);
    }
}

修改application.properties文件,内容如下:

server.port=8082
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http\://localhost\:8081/eureka/
spring.application.name=cloud-simple-service

新建一个名为HelloController文件,具体代码:

package com.human.sbcuser;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("/")
    @ResponseBod
    public  String hello()
    {
        return  "hello KinY ~KoKo";
    }
}

至此,一个简单的服务提供者创建完毕

4~创建微服务消费者

利用Rbbon创建客户端,其中group:com.human,Artifact:sbc-consumer,剩下基本上与创建注册中心相同,其中选择依赖时如下图:

　　

完成后,pom.xml文件内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.human</groupId>
    <artifactId>sbc-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>sbc-service</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

修改程序主类,内容如下:

package com.human.sbconsumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class SbcConsumerApplication {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return  new RestTemplate();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SbcConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

修改配置文件application.properties,内容如下:

server.port=8083
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http\://localhost\:8081/eureka/
spring.application.name=cloud-simple-consumer

新增HelloController文件,内容如下:

package com.human.sbconsumer;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class HelloController {
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @RequestMapping("/")
    public  String hello()
    {
        return  restTemplate.getForEntity("http://cloud-simple-service/",String.class).getBody();
    }
}

至此编码完成.

5~运行

先运行注册中心项目(sbc-service),然后运行服务提供者项目(sbc-user),打开浏览器输入地址:http://localhost:8081/,显示内容如下:

其中红色框内,说明服务提供者注册成功,此时访问地址:http://localhost:8082/  输出文本:hello KinY ~KoKo,说明服务提供者正常运行,下面运行服务消费者(sbc-consumer),再访问http://localhost:8081/  发现变成如下内容:

说明服务客户端也成功注册,下面直接访问  http://localhost:8083/  浏览器输出文本:hello KinY ~KoKo 大功告成!!
至此一个简配的微服务架构搭建完毕.

6~补充

　　①:在选择端口时注意不要与其他程序冲突
　　②:其中消费者基于Ribbon创建,Ribbon是基于http和tcp的客户端负载均衡器