简单快速安装Apache+PHP+MySql服务环境（一）

　　由于自己只是普通的coder，对于服务器的操作不是很熟悉，在网上找了很多关于PHP和apache服务器环境搭建的帖子，不过都不尽相同，尤其是编译安装更是看的云里雾里的，所以选择了一种比较简单的方式进行环境搭建和学习。亲测有效。

1. 使用虚拟机安装Linux系统，CentOS7.

2. 首先检查是否已经安装了apache

yum list installed | grep php  或者 rpm -qa |grep httpd

3. yum安装apache

yum -y install httpd

4. 启动apache

systemctl start httpd

ps -A|grep httpd //检查是否已经启动apache服务

主配置文件是/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf。

配置存储在的/etc/httpd/conf.d/目录。

看一下主配置文件httpd.conf里有用的配置项

#服务器根目录
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"

#端口
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80

#域名+端口来标识服务器，没有域名用ip也可以
#ServerName www.example.com:80

#不许访问根目录
<Directory />
    AllowOverride none
    Require all denied
</Directory>

# 文档目录
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"

# 对 /var/www目录访问限制
<Directory "/var/www">
    AllowOverride None
    # Allow open access:
    Require all granted
</Directory>

# 对/var/www/html目录访问限制
<Directory "/var/www/html">
　　 Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
　　 AllowOverride None
 　　Require all granted
</Directory>

# 默认编码
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

#EnableMMAP off
EnableSendfile on
# include进来其它配置文件

IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf

5. 使用yum方式安装php

yum install php

6. 修改apache配置文件（重要）

配置文件位置：/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

• 在LoadModule后面添加：LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so //不添加则访问.php文件将会变成下载
• 在DirectoryIndex后面添加：index.php
• 在AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz后面添加：AddType application/x-httpd-php .php //.php前面有一个空格

7. 重启apache并测试

systemctl restart httpd

8. 安装mysql，由于CentOS 7 版本将MySQL数据库软件从默认的程序列表中移除，用mariadb代替了，所以我们直接安装mariadb即可

yum install mariadb-server mariadb

安装后运行如下命令：

systemctl start mariadb # 启动 mariaDB

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation     //对数据库进行设置

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):    //给root管理员设定密码，直接回车
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y   //是否设置，选择y
New password:    //输入新密码
Re-enter new password:    //再次输入新密码
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] n   //是否删除匿名用户，选择n
 ... skipping.

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n   //是否拒绝root用户远程登陆，选择n
 ... skipping.

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] n   //是否删除测试数据库，选择n
 ... skipping.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y   //是否加载权限列表，选择y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!
[root@localhost ~]#

　　

mariadb数据库的相关命令是：

systemctl start mariadb  #启动MariaDB

systemctl stop mariadb  #停止MariaDB

systemctl restart mariadb  #重启MariaDB

systemctl enable mariadb  #设置开机启动

9. 设置mariadb的开机自启动

// 查看已经安装的软件的启动状态

# systemctl list-unit-files

// 设置开机自启动

# systemctl enabled mariadb

// 取消开机自启动

# systemctl disable maraidb

10. 默认安装的php中并没有mysql的相关模块，还需要安装相关组件

yum install php-mysql php-gd php-imap php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc

11. 重启apache服务

systemctl restart httpd

总结：由于水平有限，所有很多安装都是使用的默认配置。好在这种安装流程可以安装成功。其他方法以后再试。