Mac安装MySQL-python的血泪史

现象描述

起初正常使用pip命令提示如下的错误：

cc -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -Wl,-F. build/temp.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/_mysql.o -L/usr/local/Cellar/mysql-connector-c/6.1.11/lib -lmysqlclient -lssl -lcrypto -o build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/_mysql.so
  ld: library not found for -lssl
  clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
  error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for mysql-python

13 warnings generated.
    cc -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -Wl,-F. build/temp.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/_mysql.o -L/usr/local/Cellar/mysql-connector-c/6.1.11/lib -lmysqlclient -lssl -lcrypto -o build/lib.macosx-10.14-intel-2.7/_mysql.so
    ld: library not found for -lssl
    clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
    error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /Users/wang/.virtualenvs/flask-demo/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/4r/29z_gj1n4szg9r01y5s6rxnm0000gn/T/pip-install-yqjXkS/mysql-python/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/4r/29z_gj1n4szg9r01y5s6rxnm0000gn/T/pip-install-yqjXkS/mysql-python/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/4r/29z_gj1n4szg9r01y5s6rxnm0000gn/T/pip-record-rW5Hej/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/wang/.virtualenvs/flask-demo/include/site/python2.7/mysql-python Check the logs for full command output.

大致来看，是cc命令执行失败，没太多的思路，遂谷歌；

尝试

stackoverflow答案

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50940302/installing-mysql-python-causes-command-clang-failed-with-exit-status-1-on-mac

参考上面的链接，执行了一下，甚至也执行了一次评论里的内容，但实际上并没啥用……

后面甚至出现了新的问题……

csdn答案

https://blog.csdn.net/love_parents/article/details/80938818

尝试了后，又提示其他的问题

ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /Users/wang/.virtualenvs/flask-demo/bin/python -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/4r/29z_gj1n4szg9r01y5s6rxnm0000gn/T/pip-install-xonLuB/mysql-python/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/4r/29z_gj1n4szg9r01y5s6rxnm0000gn/T/pip-install-xonLuB/mysql-python/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base /private/var/folders/4r/29z_gj1n4szg9r01y5s6rxnm0000gn/T/pip-install-xonLuB/mysql-python/pip-egg-info
         cwd: /private/var/folders/4r/29z_gj1n4szg9r01y5s6rxnm0000gn/T/pip-install-xonLuB/mysql-python/
    Complete output (9 lines):
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/private/var/folders/4r/29z_gj1n4szg9r01y5s6rxnm0000gn/T/pip-install-xonLuB/mysql-python/setup.py", line 17, in <module>
        metadata, options = get_config()
      File "setup_posix.py", line 53, in get_config
        libraries = [ dequote(i[2:]) for i in libs if i.startswith(compiler_flag("l")) ]
      File "setup_posix.py", line 8, in dequote
        if s[0] in "\"'" and s[0] == s[-1]:
    IndexError: string index out of range
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.

这个问题，在此篇文章有提到，但按照他的方法并不能解决，遂继续谷歌

最终解决办法

https://www.cnblogs.com/LordNeo/p/9687832.html

参考这篇文章执行了重新安装了 mysql-connector-c ，修改了mysql的配置文件；

执行了brew info openssl，得到

(flask-demo) ➜  homebrew-core git:(master) brew info openssl
openssl: stable 1.0.2t (bottled) [keg-only]
SSL/TLS cryptography library
https://openssl.org/
/usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2t (1,795 files, 12.0MB)
  Poured from bottle on 2019-10-30 at 18:26:15
From: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git/Formula/openssl.rb
==> Caveats
A CA file has been bootstrapped using certificates from the SystemRoots
keychain. To add additional certificates (e.g. the certificates added in
the System keychain), place .pem files in
  /usr/local/etc/openssl/certs

and run
  /usr/local/opt/openssl/bin/c_rehash

openssl is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because Apple has deprecated use of OpenSSL in favor of its own TLS and crypto libraries.

If you need to have openssl first in your PATH run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc

For compilers to find openssl you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include"

For pkg-config to find openssl you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/pkgconfig"

随后执行了提示里的 echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc

同时，把下面语句加入了 bash_profile 并source bash_profile。

  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include"

再使用 pip安装，成功了……

后记

都2019年了，Mac/Linux安装这个包还要这么心累………………