Redis源代码分析（三十五）--- redis.c服务端的实现分析（2）

在Redis服务端的代码量真的是比較大，假设一个一个API的学习怎么实现，无疑是一种效率非常低的做法，所以我今天对服务端的实现代码的学习，重在他的运行流程上。而对于他的模块设计在上一篇中我已经分析过了。不明确的同学能够接着看上篇。所以我学习分析redis服务端的实现也是主要从main函数開始。在分析main运行流程之前，Redis的作者在这里声明了几个变量，这个我们有必要知道一下。

/* Our shared "common" objects */
/* 共享的对象 */
struct sharedObjectsStruct shared;

/* Global vars that are actually used as constants. The following double
 * values are used for double on-disk serialization, and are initialized
 * at runtime to avoid strange compiler optimizations. */
/* 全局的double类型常量 */
double R_Zero, R_PosInf, R_NegInf, R_Nan;

/*================================= Globals ================================= */

/* Global vars */
/* 全局的RedisServer */
struct redisServer server; /* server global state */

/* Our command table.
 *
 * Every entry is composed of the following fields:
 *
 * name: a string representing the command name.
 * function: pointer to the C function implementing the command.
 * arity: number of arguments, it is possible to use -N to say >= N
 * sflags: command flags as string. See below for a table of flags.
 * flags: flags as bitmask. Computed by Redis using the 'sflags' field.
 * get_keys_proc: an optional function to get key arguments from a command.
 *                This is only used when the following three fields are not
 *                enough to specify what arguments are keys.
 * first_key_index: first argument that is a key
 * last_key_index: last argument that is a key
 * key_step: step to get all the keys from first to last argument. For instance
 *           in MSET the step is two since arguments are key,val,key,val,...
 * microseconds: microseconds of total execution time for this command.
 * calls: total number of calls of this command.
 *
 * The flags, microseconds and calls fields are computed by Redis and should
 * always be set to zero.
 *
 * Command flags are expressed using strings where every character represents
 * a flag. Later the populateCommandTable() function will take care of
 * populating the real 'flags' field using this characters.
 *
 * This is the meaning of the flags:
 *
 * w: write command (may modify the key space).
 * r: read command  (will never modify the key space).
 * m: may increase memory usage once called. Don't allow if out of memory.
 * a: admin command, like SAVE or SHUTDOWN.
 * p: Pub/Sub related command.
 * f: force replication of this command, regardless of server.dirty.
 * s: command not allowed in scripts.
 * R: random command. Command is not deterministic, that is, the same command
 *    with the same arguments, with the same key space, may have different
 *    results. For instance SPOP and RANDOMKEY are two random commands.
 * S: Sort command output array if called from script, so that the output
 *    is deterministic.
 * l: Allow command while loading the database.
 * t: Allow command while a slave has stale data but is not allowed to
 *    server this data. Normally no command is accepted in this condition
 *    but just a few.
 * M: Do not automatically propagate the command on MONITOR.
 * F: Fast command: O(1) or O(log(N)) command that should never delay
 *    its execution as long as the kernel scheduler is giving us time.
 *    Note that commands that may trigger a DEL as a side effect (like SET)
 *    are not fast commands.
 */
/* redis命令表格相应关系 */
struct redisCommand redisCommandTable[] = {
    {"get",getCommand,2,"rF",0,NULL,1,1,1,0,0},
    {"set",setCommand,-3,"wm",0,NULL,1,1,1,0,0},
    {"setnx",setnxCommand,3,"wmF",0,NULL,1,1,1,0,0},
    {"setex",setexCommand,4,"wm",0,NULL,1,1,1,0,0},
.....

这个命令表相当多，省略了，基本是囊括了全部的可能命令。

毕竟服务端都是以上这些命令的响应实现嘛。以下是重点要学习的了，在服务端的运行主程序中。是怎样运行的呢。来一个流程框图:

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详细的代码实现为例如以下:

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    struct timeval tv;

    /* We need to initialize our libraries, and the server configuration. */
#ifdef INIT_SETPROCTITLE_REPLACEMENT
    spt_init(argc, argv);
#endif
    setlocale(LC_COLLATE,"");
	//启用线程安全模式
    zmalloc_enable_thread_safeness();
    //启用当发生内存溢出时的handler方法
    zmalloc_set_oom_handler(redisOutOfMemoryHandler);
    srand(time(NULL)^getpid());
    //获取当前时间
    gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);
    dictSetHashFunctionSeed(tv.tv_sec^tv.tv_usec^getpid());
    server.sentinel_mode = checkForSentinelMode(argc,argv);
    //初始化服务端的配置
    initServerConfig();

    /* We need to init sentinel right now as parsing the configuration file
     * in sentinel mode will have the effect of populating the sentinel
     * data structures with master nodes to monitor. */
    //初始化服务端的模式
    if (server.sentinel_mode) {
        initSentinelConfig();
        initSentinel();
    }

    if (argc >= 2) {
        int j = 1; /* First option to parse in argv[] */
        sds options = sdsempty();
        char *configfile = NULL;

        /* Handle special options --help and --version */
        if (strcmp(argv[1], "-v") == 0 ||
            strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0) version();
        if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 ||
            strcmp(argv[1], "-h") == 0) usage();
        if (strcmp(argv[1], "--test-memory") == 0) {
            if (argc == 3) {
                memtest(atoi(argv[2]),50);
                exit(0);
            } else {
                fprintf(stderr,"Please specify the amount of memory to test in megabytes.\n");
                fprintf(stderr,"Example: ./redis-server --test-memory 4096\n\n");
                exit(1);
            }
        }

        /* First argument is the config file name? */
        if (argv[j][0] != '-' || argv[j][1] != '-')
            configfile = argv[j++];
        /* All the other options are parsed and conceptually appended to the
         * configuration file. For instance --port 6380 will generate the
         * string "port 6380\n" to be parsed after the actual file name
         * is parsed, if any. */
        while(j != argc) {
            if (argv[j][0] == '-' && argv[j][1] == '-') {
                /* Option name */
                if (sdslen(options)) options = sdscat(options,"\n");
                options = sdscat(options,argv[j]+2);
                options = sdscat(options," ");
            } else {
                /* Option argument */
                options = sdscatrepr(options,argv[j],strlen(argv[j]));
                options = sdscat(options," ");
            }
            j++;
        }
        if (server.sentinel_mode && configfile && *configfile == '-') {
            redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,
                "Sentinel config from STDIN not allowed.");
            redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,
                "Sentinel needs config file on disk to save state.  Exiting...");
            exit(1);
        }
        if (configfile) server.configfile = getAbsolutePath(configfile);
        resetServerSaveParams();
        //载入服务端的配置，依据config配置文件来载入
        loadServerConfig(configfile,options);
        sdsfree(options);
    } else {
        redisLog(REDIS_WARNING, "Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use %s /path/to/%s.conf", argv[0], server.sentinel_mode ?

"sentinel" : "redis");
    }
    //是否开启守护进程
    if (server.daemonize) daemonize();
    initServer();
    if (server.daemonize) createPidFile();
    redisSetProcTitle(argv[0]);
    redisAsciiArt();

    if (!server.sentinel_mode) {
        /* Things not needed when running in Sentinel mode. */
        redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"Server started, Redis version " REDIS_VERSION);
    #ifdef __linux__
        linuxOvercommitMemoryWarning();
    #endif
        loadDataFromDisk();
        if (server.ipfd_count > 0)
            redisLog(REDIS_NOTICE,"The server is now ready to accept connections on port %d", server.port);
        if (server.sofd > 0)
            redisLog(REDIS_NOTICE,"The server is now ready to accept connections at %s", server.unixsocket);
    } else {
        sentinelIsRunning();
    }

    /* Warning the user about suspicious maxmemory setting. */
    if (server.maxmemory > 0 && server.maxmemory < 1024*1024) {
        redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"WARNING: You specified a maxmemory value that is less than 1MB (current value is %llu bytes). Are you sure this is what you really want?", server.maxmemory);
    }

	//事件载入之前调用的beforeSleep方法
    aeSetBeforeSleepProc(server.el,beforeSleep);
    //开启事件驱动循环
    aeMain(server.el);
    aeDeleteEventLoop(server.el);
    return 0;
}

方法非常easy命令，有人预计比較纳闷了，为什么没有连接操作呢，Client和Server不是要有连接操作的嘛，在这里为什么会没有呢。由于那些是client的主动进行的操作，所以服务端的main操作相对简单非常多。