1105 Spiral Matrix

This time your job is to fill a sequence of N positive integers into a spiral matrix in non-increasing order. A spiral matrix is filled in from the first element at the upper-left corner, then move in a clockwise spiral. The matrix has m rows and n columns, where m and n satisfy the following: m×n must be equal to N; m≥n; and m−n is the minimum of all the possible values.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N. Then the next line contains N positive integers to be filled into the spiral matrix. All the numbers are no more than 10​4​​. The numbers in a line are separated by spaces.

Output Specification:

For each test case, output the resulting matrix in m lines, each contains n numbers. There must be exactly 1 space between two adjacent numbers, and no extra space at the end of each line.

Sample Input:

Sample Output:

知识点：简单模拟；vector的使用
思路： 
矩阵应该利用vector的数组来构建；因为如果是形成比较方正的矩阵，长和宽最大是100左右；但如果是质数，矩阵就会变成长条形长在10000以内，这样利用普通二维数组数组会超限；利用了vector容器可以.resize()的特点。
单列的输出特殊处理

 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cmath>
 #include <vector>
 using namespace std;
 const int maxn = ;

 vector<int> matrix[maxn];

 bool cmp(int a,int b){
     return a>b;
 }

 int getLong(int n){
     int i;
     for(i=sqrt(n)+0.9;i<=n && n%i!=;i++);
     return i;
 }

 int main(){
     vector<int> list;
     int n,tmp; cin >> n;
     for(int i=;i<n;i++){
         scanf("%d",&tmp);
         list.push_back(tmp);
     }
     sort(list.begin(), list.end(), cmp);
     int l = getLong(n);
     int w = n/l;
     for(int i=;i<=l;i++){
         matrix[i].resize(w+);
     }
     int x=, y=, ptr=;

     int base=;
     while(ptr<list.size()){
         if(w==){
             for(;y<=l+base;y++){
                 matrix[y][x]=list[ptr++];
             }
             break;
         }
         for(; x<=w+base; x++){

             matrix[y][x]=list[ptr++];
         }

         x--; y++;
         for(; y<l+base; y++){
             matrix[y][x]=list[ptr++];
         }
         for(; x>=+base; x--){
             matrix[y][x]=list[ptr++];
         }
         x++; y--;
         for(; y>+base; y--){
             matrix[y][x]=list[ptr++];
         }
         x++; y++;
         w-=; l-=;
         base++;
         //printf("%d %d w=%d l=%d",x,y,w,l);

     }
     for(int i=;i<=getLong(n);i++){
         for(int j=;j<=(n/getLong(n));j++){
             if(j!=) printf(" ");
             printf("%d",matrix[i][j]);
         }
         printf("\n");
     }
 }