redhat无法注册RHN的解决办法

1.问题

初学Linux,采用边实战nginx边学Linux命令的方式,这样学习的还快还真实一些.当然,问题来的很快.我使用的是redhat,安装pcre就出现了问题,如下:

 [root@localhost ~]# yum install pcre
 Loading "security" plugin
 Loading "installonlyn" plugin
 Loading "rhnplugin" plugin
 This system is not registered with RHN.
 RHN support will be disabled.
 Setting up Install Process
 Setting up repositories
 No Repositories Available to Set Up
 Reading repository metadata in from local files
 Parsing package install arguments
 Setting up repositories
 No Repositories Available to Set Up
 Reading repository metadata in from local files
 No Match for argument: pcre
 Nothing to do

从5-6行的描述来看,系统还没有注册RHN.网上查了一下整理到这里,当然你经过本人测试过的.大致过程是重新安装CentOS的yum,卸载Redhat的.好吧,继续

2.解决问题过程

1)查看redhat版本.

不同的redhat版本安装的yum不同,所以在这里需要先知道linux的版本.使用命令

 cat /etc/issue

我的Linux版本为:

 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.1 (Tikanga)
 Kernel \r on an \m

2)卸载yum.

 rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

执行后等待,后不会有任何提示,不过可以使用命令

 rpm -qa|grep yum

在卸载前后查看一下yum就可以对比得出,卸载是否有效.

3)安装yum.

从http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/(网址可能会发生变化,请网上找最新的版本)找到对应版本的RPM包,进入http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5.1/readme,内容是:

 This directory (and version of CentOS) is depreciated.  For normal users,
 you should use // and not /5.1/ in your path. Please see this FAQ
 concerning the CentOS release scheme:

 http://www.centos.org/modules/smartfaq/faq.php?faqid=34

 If you know what you are doing, and absolutely want to remain at the 5.1
 level, go to http://vault.centos.org/ for packages.

大致的意思是使用centos5的版本即可.根据32位还是64位执行不同的命令下载即可.

CentOS5
32位版的：
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
64位版的：
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm

下载完成,执行结果如下:

 [root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm
 wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
 wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm
 wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm--23:31:13--  http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm
 Resolving mirrors.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.110, :da8:d800:::
 Connecting to mirrors.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.110|:... connected.
 HTTP request sent, awaiting response...  OK
 Length:  (34K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
 Saving to: `python-iniparse-0.2.-.el5.noarch.rpm'

 %[==========================================================================>] ,       222K/s   in .2s   

 :: ( KB/s) - `python-iniparse-0.2.-.el5.noarch.rpm' saved [34330/34330]

 [root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
 --::--  http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
 Resolving mirrors.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.110, :da8:d800:::
 Connecting to mirrors.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.110|:... connected.
 HTTP request sent, awaiting response...  OK
 Length:  (1011K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
 Saving to: `yum-3.2.-.el5.centos.noarch.rpm'

 %[==========================================================================>] ,,    410K/s   in .5s   

 :: ( KB/s) - `yum-3.2.-.el5.centos.noarch.rpm' saved [1034960/1034960]

 [root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm
 --::--  http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm
 Resolving mirrors.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.110, :da8:d800:::
 Connecting to mirrors.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.110|:... connected.
 HTTP request sent, awaiting response...  OK
 Length:  (26K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
 Saving to: `yum-metadata-parser-1.1.-.el5.i386.rpm'

 %[==========================================================================>] ,       125K/s   in .2s   

 :: ( KB/s) - `yum-metadata-parser-1.1.-.el5.i386.rpm' saved [26164/26164]

 [root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm--23:31:25--  http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
 Resolving mirrors.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.110, :da8:d800:::
 Connecting to mirrors.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.110|:... connected.
 HTTP request sent, awaiting response...  OK
 Length:  (21K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
 Saving to: `yum-fastestmirror-1.1.-.el5.centos.noarch.rpm'

 %[===========================================================================================>] ,      --.-K/s   in .1s   

 :: ( KB/s) - `yum-fastestmirror-1.1.-.el5.centos.noarch.rpm' saved [21033/21033]

安装顺序如下:

 rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.2.-.el5.noarch.rpm
 rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.-.el5.i386.rpm
 rpm -ivh yum-3.2.-.el5.centos.noarch.rpm yum-fastestmirror-1.1.-.el5.centos.noarch.rpm

执行结果如下:

 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.2.-.el5.noarch.rpm
 warning: python-iniparse-0.2.-.el5.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897
 Preparing...                ########################################### [%]
    :python-iniparse        ########################################### [%]
 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.-.el5.i386.rpm
 warning: yum-metadata-parser-1.1.-.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897
 Preparing...                ########################################### [%]
    :yum-metadata-parser    ########################################### [%]
 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh yum-3.2.-.el5.centos.noarch.rpm yum-fastestmirror-1.1.-.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
 warning: yum-3.2.-.el5.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897
 Preparing...                ########################################### [%]
    :yum-fastestmirror      ########################################### [ %]
    :yum                    ########################################### [%]

4)下载yum配置源.

 mv rhel-debuginfo.repo rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak
 cd /etc/yum.repos.d
 wget http://docs.linuxtone.org/soft/lemp/CentOS-Base.repo

5)生成缓存.

执行命令:

 yum makecache

执行结果:

 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 addons                    % |=========================| 1.9 kB    :
 addons/filelists_db       % |=========================|   B    :
 addons/other_db           % |=========================|   B    :
 addons/primary_db         % |=========================| 1.1 kB    :
 base                      % |=========================| 1.1 kB    :
 base/filelists            % |=========================| 3.1 MB    :
 base/other                % |=========================|   MB    :
 base/group                % |=========================| 1.1 MB    :
 base/primary              % |=========================|  kB    :
 extras                    % |=========================| 2.1 kB    :
 extras/filelists_db       % |=========================|  kB    :
 extras/other_db           % |=========================|  kB    :
 extras/group              % |=========================| 9.7 kB    :
 extras/primary_db         % |=========================|  kB    :
 update                    % |=========================| 1.9 kB    :
 update/filelists_db       % |=========================|  kB    :
 update/other_db           % |=========================| 4.7 MB    :
 update/primary_db         % |=========================|  kB    :
 base                                                                  /
 base                                                                  /
 base                                                                  /
 Metadata Cache Created

完成.