centos7_Lnmp编译安装

17年面试运维岗位的时候，面试官要求输出一份lnmp编译的操作文档，于是有了如下安装nginx+php+mysql，进入正题：

准备环境

环境：centos7.3

软件：nginx-1.12.1 + mysql-5.7.19 + php-7.1.8

yum -y remove php mysql httpd
## 添加epel源：(如果是版本6的操作系统请用第二条)
rpm -ivh https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-10.noarch.rpm --force
rpm -ivh https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm --force

## centos源：
rpm -ivh http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.9/os/x86_64/Packages/centos-release-6-9.el6.12.3.x86_64.rpm --force
==================================================================================

安装Mysql

1. 创建用户
useradd mysql

2.下载安装包、依赖的库：
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.19.tar.gz
yum install cmake gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl boost-devel bison-devel bison -y

3.安装boost插件：
注:如果只为安装mysql其实可以不用安装的，解压就好，到时安装mysql时引用目录，不过percona-xtrabackup需要用到，所以我安装了。
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
./bootstrap.sh
./b2 install

4.编译安装：
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/var/data/mysql -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/var/downloads/boost_1_59_0 -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DENABLE_DTRACE=0 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1
make && make install

5.配置/etc/my.cnf 仅作测试，没加任何优化参数。
cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF
[client]
socket=/var/data/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/var/data/mysql
socket=/var/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysql.log
pid-file = /tmp/mysql.pid
EOF

6.添加环境变量：vi /etc/profile
echo -e '\n\nPATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile && source /etc/profile

7.初始化数据&更改相应权限：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/var/data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/data/mysql

8、配置开机启动项（centos7操作姿势）
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld

9.启动数据库：
systemctl start mysqld

10.创建密码(推荐使用中等 MEDIUM 级别)、添加其它用户（可选）：
mysql_secure_installation

CREATE DATABASE `lampdb` ;
grant all privileges on lampdb.* to 'lamp@%' identified by 'Hi.lamp@888';
flush privileges;

PHP安装

1.下载并安装依赖包：
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-7.1.8.tar.gz
yum clean all
yum install libjpeg libjpeg-devel curl-devel gcc gcc-c++ libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel -y

2.添加用户：
useradd -s /sbin/nologin php

3.编译php：
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/etc/php.d --with-mcrypt=/usr/include --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=nginx --with-fpm-group=nginx --with-gd --with-iconv --with-zlib --enable-xml --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --enable-session --with-curl --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir --enable-opcache --with-mhash
make && make install

4.复制相关配置文件(仅测试用，生产请用专业的配置文件)：
cp /var/downloads/php-7.1.8/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cp /var/downloads/php-7.1.8/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
chmod u+x /etc/init.d/php
mkdir -p /var/data/php/log/

5.启动服务：
/etc/init.d/php start
/etc/init.d/php status

Nginx安装

1.下载nginx：
wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
yum install openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel -y
yum install gcc gcc-c++ automake pcre pcre-devel zlip zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel

2.添加用户：
useradd -s /sbin/nologin nginx

3.编译安装：
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module
make && make install

4.配置Nginx支持php-fpm模块
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location / {
    root   html;
    index  index.html index.htm index.php;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
    root           html;
    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include        fastcgi_params;
}
5.添加环境变量：
echo -e '\n\nPATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile && source /etc/profile

6.启动Nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

5.详细可以参考这里：
http://www.cnblogs.com/zhang-shijie/p/5294162.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/lyongde/p/4201484.html
==========================================================
访问验证：

验证php：建立测试页面test1.php
vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/test1.php

<?php
echo phpinfo();
?>

浏览器输入：http://116.196.xx.xxx/test1.php

常见问题

安装PHP需要的依赖：
1.安装libiconv:
wget https://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.15.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv
make && make install

2.安装libmcrypt
wget ftp://mcrypt.hellug.gr/pub/crypto/mcrypt/libmcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz
./configure
make && make install

3.安装 Mhash
下载地址(下载后上传到服务器)：
https://sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz/download?use_mirror=nchc&r=https%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Fmhash%2Ffiles%2Fmhash%2F0.9.9.9%2Fmhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz%2Fdownload&use_mirror=nchc
./configure
make && make install

4.安装Mcrypt
wget http://iweb.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/MCrypt/2.6.8/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
#注意一下这步运行下，不然下面可能报错
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
./configure
make && make install
编译mcrypt可能会报错：configure: error: *** libmcrypt was not found
vi  /etc/ld.so.conf
最后一行添加
/usr/local/lib/
保存并退出：:wq!
执行载入命令:
ldconfig
---------------------------------------------------------
checking for libmcrypt - version >= 2.5.0... no
*** Could not run libmcrypt test program, checking why...
*** The test program compiled, but did not run. This usually means
*** that the run-time linker is not finding LIBMCRYPT or finding the wrong
*** version of LIBMCRYPT. If it is not finding LIBMCRYPT, you'll need to set your
*** LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable, or edit /etc/ld.so.conf to point
*** to the installed location  Also, make sure you have run ldconfig if that
*** is required on your system
***
*** If you have an old version installed, it is best to remove it, although
*** you may also be able to get things to work by modifying LD_LIBRARY_PATH
***
configure: error: *** libmcrypt was not found
---------------------------------------------------------------

完成收工！08.24.2017

----By 钢铁 648403020@qq.com