ubuntu下发布asp.net core并用nginx代理之旅

asp.net core 1.0.1发布已有些日子了，怀着好奇的心情体验了把ubuntu下的asp.net core

系统运行环境:ubuntu 16.0.4 for developer

首先搭建.net core的运行环境,可参见微软网站介绍：

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://apt-mo.trafficmanager.net/repos/dotnet-release/ xenial main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/dotnetdev.list'
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver apt-mo.trafficmanager.net --recv-keys 417A0893
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install dotnet-dev-1.0.0-preview2-003131

然后新建目录用于本地存储文件夹,我的放在/var/www/helloworld下,

cd /var/www
sudo mkdir helloworld

创建新项目，并选择web模板，然后还原项目:

dotnet new -t web
dotnet resotre

然后执行dotnet run 就可以运行该项目了,默认情况下asp.net core监听的是5000的端口

dotnet run
dotnet publish

然后我们执行发布命令 dotnet publish

默认情况下是发布的文件夹为当前项目目录下/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.0，我的完整发布目录为/var/www/helloworld/bin/Release/netcoreapp1.0，

进入该目录，然后执行dotnet run helloworld.dll就可以运行发布版本的asp.net core示例项目了，但是光这样怎么行呢，我们可不想每次重启系统时都敲上一大堆代码去启动监听，这时supervisor就派上用场了，supervisor是基于python的进程管理工具，貌似windows下没法用，

首先去安装supervisor

sudo apt-get install supervisor

等待安装完成,期间如有y/n的等待输入，记得按y

然后去/etc/supervisor/conf.d文件夹下去新增一个

图形界面可用
sudo  gedit /etc/supervisor/conf.d/hellomvc.conf(需要安装gedit)
服务端用vim
sudo  vim /etc/supervisor/conf.d/hellomvc.conf
当没有该文件时会创建该文件
内容如下
[program:hellomvc]
command=/usr/bin/dotnet /var/www/helloworld/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.0/publish/helloworld.dll
directory=/var/www/helloworld/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.0/publish
autostart=true
autorestart=true
stderr_logfile=/var/log/hellomvc.err.log
stdout_logfile=/var/log/hellomvc.out.log
environment=HOME=/var/www/,ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production
user=www-data
stopsignal=INT
stopasgroup=true
killasgroup=true
然后保存并退出 gedit点击右上角的save保存,vim按esc 然后出入:wq保存并退出
然后想改变自定义监听端口时需要修改项目program.cs,传递args参数
public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var host = new WebHostBuilder()
                .UseKestrel()
                .UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
                .UseIISIntegration()
                .UseStartup<Startup>()
                .Build();

            host.Run();
        }
    }
修改为
 public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var host = new WebHostBuilder()
                .UseKestrel()
                .UseUrls(args[0])
                .UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
                .UseIISIntegration()
                .UseStartup<Startup>()
                .Build();

            host.Run();
        }
    }
然后在启动时传入参数 dotnet run helloworld "http://*.5000"
helloworld.conf也需修改为
[program:hellomvc]
command=/usr/bin/dotnet /var/www/helloworld/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.0/publish/helloworld.dll  "http://*5000"
directory=/var/www/helloworld/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.0/publish
autostart=true
autorestart=true
stderr_logfile=/var/log/hellomvc.err.log
stdout_logfile=/var/log/hellomvc.out.log
environment=HOME=/var/www/,ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production
user=www-data
stopsignal=INT
stopasgroup=true
killasgroup=true

或者您也可以在项目中加上配置文件如host.json，内容如下

{
"server.urls": "http://*:5000"
}

    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var config = new ConfigurationBuilder()
                .SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
                .AddJsonFile("host.json", optional: true)
                .Build();
            var host = new WebHostBuilder()
                .UseConfiguration(config)
                .UseKestrel()
                .UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
                .UseIISIntegration()
                .UseStartup<Startup>()
                .Build();
            host.Run();
        }
    }
}

helloworld.conf为就可以直接监听你host.json所传的端口了
[program:hellomvc]
command=/usr/bin/dotnet /var/www/helloworld/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1./publish/helloworld.dll
directory=/var/www/helloworld/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1./publish
autostart=true
autorestart=true
stderr_logfile=/var/log/hellomvc.err.log
stdout_logfile=/var/log/hellomvc.out.log
environment=HOME=/var/www/,ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production
user=www-data
stopsignal=INT
stopasgroup=true
killasgroup=true

然后program.cs修改为

然后开启supervisor服务

sudo service supervisor stop
sudo service supervisor start

如果是想开机启动自动启动服务时需要创建自启动脚本

sudo vim /etc/init.d/supervisord

内容如下：

#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          supervisord
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs
# Default-Start:
# Default-Stop:
# Short-Description: Example initscript
# Description:       This file should be used to construct scripts to be
#                    placed in /etc/init.d.
### END INIT INFO

# Author: Dan MacKinlay <danielm@phm.gov.au>
# Based on instructions by Bertrand Mathieu
# http://zebert.blogspot.com/2009/05/installing-django-solr-varnish-and.html

# Do NOT "set -e"

# PATH should only include /usr/* if it runs after the mountnfs.sh script
PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin
DESC="Description of the service"
NAME=supervisord
DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/supervisord
DAEMON_ARGS=""
PIDFILE=/tmp/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME

# Exit if the package is not installed
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0

# Read configuration variable file if it is present
[ -r /etc/default/$NAME ] && . /etc/default/$NAME

# Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables
. /lib/init/vars.sh

# Define LSB log_* functions.
# Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.0-6) to ensure that this file is present.
. /lib/lsb/init-functions

#
# Function that starts the daemon/service
#
do_start()
{
    # Return
    #   0 if daemon has been started
    #   1 if daemon was already running
    #   2 if daemon could not be started
    start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON --test > /dev/null \
        || return 1
    start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON -- \
        $DAEMON_ARGS \
        || return 2
    # Add code here, if necessary, that waits for the process to be ready
    # to handle requests from services started subsequently which depend
    # on this one.  As a last resort, sleep for some time.
}

#
# Function that stops the daemon/service
#
do_stop()
{
    # Return
    #   0 if daemon has been stopped
    #   1 if daemon was already stopped
    #   2 if daemon could not be stopped
    #   other if a failure occurred
    start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --retry=TERM/30/KILL/5 --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
    RETVAL="$?"
    [ "$RETVAL" = 2 ] && return 2
    # Wait for children to finish too if this is a daemon that forks
    # and if the daemon is only ever run from this initscript.
    # If the above conditions are not satisfied then add some other code
    # that waits for the process to drop all resources that could be
    # needed by services started subsequently.  A last resort is to
    # sleep for some time.
    start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --retry=0/30/KILL/5 --exec $DAEMON
    [ "$?" = 2 ] && return 2
    # Many daemons don't delete their pidfiles when they exit.
    rm -f $PIDFILE
    return "$RETVAL"
}

#
# Function that sends a SIGHUP to the daemon/service
#
do_reload() {
    #
    # If the daemon can reload its configuration without
    # restarting (for example, when it is sent a SIGHUP),
    # then implement that here.
    #
    start-stop-daemon --stop --signal 1 --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
    return 0
}

case "$1" in
  start)
    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
    do_start
    case "$?" in
        0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
        2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
    esac
    ;;
  stop)
    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
    do_stop
    case "$?" in
        0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
        2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
    esac
    ;;
  #reload|force-reload)
    #
    # If do_reload() is not implemented then leave this commented out
    # and leave 'force-reload' as an alias for 'restart'.
    #
    #log_daemon_msg "Reloading $DESC" "$NAME"
    #do_reload
    #log_end_msg $?
    #;;
  restart|force-reload)
    #
    # If the "reload" option is implemented then remove the
    # 'force-reload' alias
    #
    log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME"
    do_stop
    case "$?" in
      0|1)
        do_start
        case "$?" in
            0) log_end_msg 0 ;;
            1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running
            *) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start
        esac
        ;;
      *)
          # Failed to stop
        log_end_msg 1
        ;;
    esac
    ;;
  *)
    #echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload}" >&2
    echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2
    exit 3
    ;;
esac

然后修改权限，并更新系统

sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/supervisord
sudo update-rc.d supervisord defaults
sudo service supervisord start

这样就实现了开机自启动

kestrel 作为一个asp.net良好的动态内容服务部件，然而不是类似iis apache，weblogic全功能服务器，所以一个反向代理服务器也就必要了，而nginx作为代理服务器也是很多web应用的选择，

首先安装nginx:

sudo apt-get install nginx

然后

配置nginx的代理转发,修改/etc/nginx/sites-available/default，修改内容如下

server {
    listen ;
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://localhost:5000;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection keep-alive;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
    }
}

保存退出，然后重新加载nginx

sudo nginx -t

sudo nginx -s reload

nginx代理就实现了不信，去你的浏览器打开localhost,是不是就是我们的helloworld项目了，nice ！

如果想要本机外的访问，记得开启80 以及5000端口

sudo ufw enable

sudo ufw allow 80
sudo ufw allow 5000
如果遇到文件访问被拒绝记得修改项目的权限
sudo chmod 777  xxx(xxx表示文件夹路径)
参考asp.net官方文档