kubernetes云平台管理实战： 集群部署（一）
一、环境规划
1、架构拓扑图
2、主机规划
3、软件版本
最新版本详见：https://www.cnblogs.com/luoahong/p/12917582.html
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
[root@k8s-master ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 [root@k8s-master ~]# docker version
Client:
Version: 1.12.6
API version: 1.24
Package version: docker-1.12.6-68.gitec8512b.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.8.3
Git commit: ec8512b/1.12.6
Built: Mon Dec 11 16:08:42 2017
OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Server:
Version: 1.12.6
API version: 1.24
Package version: docker-1.12.6-68.gitec8512b.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.8.3
Git commit: ec8512b/1.12.6
Built: Mon Dec 11 16:08:42 2017
OS/Arch: linux/amd64 [root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"5", GitVersion:"v1.5.2", GitCommit:"269f928217957e7126dc87e6adfa82242bfe5b1e", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2017-07-03T15:31:10Z", GoVersion:"go1.7.4", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"5", GitVersion:"v1.5.2", GitCommit:"269f928217957e7126dc87e6adfa82242bfe5b1e", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2017-07-03T15:31:10Z", GoVersion:"go1.7.4", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"} [root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at http://localhost:8080
To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'. [root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get node
NAME STATUS AGE
k8s-node1 Ready 1d
k8s-node2 Ready 1d
4、修改主机和host解析
1、修改主机
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node1
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node2
2、hosts解析
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
k8s-master 10.0.128.0
k8s-node1 10.0.128.1
k8s-node2 10.0.128.2 scp -rp /etc/hosts 10.0.128.1:/etc/hosts
scp -rp /etc/hosts 10.0.128.2:/etc/hosts
二、所有节点安装docker-1.12.6-68
1、下载rpm包到本地
http://vault.centos.org/7.4.1708/extras/x86_64/Packages/
2、安装
yum localinstall docker-common-1.12.6-68.gitec8512b.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm -y
yum localinstall docker-client-1.12.6-68.gitec8512b.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm -y
yum localinstall docker-1.12.6-68.gitec8512b.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm -y
3、启动
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable docker.service
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl enable docker.service
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# systemctl enable docker.service
4、遇到的坑
1、docker-common，docker-client，docker-1.12.6-68先后顺序一定不能乱，负责会安装失败
2、我安装的时候就把docker-client和docker-common的顺序搞反，耽误了半天时间
三、master节点安装etcd
k8s数据库kv类型存储，原生支持做集群
1、安装
yum install etcd.x86_64 -y
2、配置
vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
修改一下两行：
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://10.0.128.0:2379"
3、启动
systemctl start etcd.service
systemctl enable etcd.service
4、健康检查
[root@k8s-master ~]# netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:2380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1396/etcd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1162/sshd
tcp6 0 0 :::2379 :::* LISTEN 1396/etcd
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1162/sshd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:30430 0.0.0.0:* 1106/dhclient
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 1106/dhclient
udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:323 0.0.0.0:* 869/chronyd
udp6 0 0 :::42997 :::* 1106/dhclient
udp6 0 0 ::1:323 :::* 869/chronyd
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl set tesstdir/testkey0 0
0
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl get tesstdir/testkey0
0
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl -C http://10.0.128.0:2379 cluster-health
member 8e9e05c52164694d is healthy: got healthy result from http://10.0.128.0:2379
cluster is healthy
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl stop etcd.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl -C http://10.0.128.0:2379 cluster-health
cluster may be unhealthy: failed to list members
Error: client: etcd cluster is unavailable or misconfigured; error #0: dial tcp 10.0.128.0:2379: getsockopt: connection refused
error #0: dial tcp 10.0.128.0:2379: getsockopt: connection refused
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start etcd.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl -C http://10.0.128.0:2379 cluster-health
member 8e9e05c52164694d is healthy: got healthy result from http://10.0.128.0:2379
cluster is healthy
四、master节点安装kubernetes，k8s
1、安装
[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install kubernetes-master.x86_64 -y
2、配置
[root@k8s-master ~]#vim /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
修改如下：
KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0"
KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"
KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250"
KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://10.0.128.0:2379"
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ResourceQuota"
[root@k8s-master ~]#vim /etc/kubernetes/config
修改如下：
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://10.0.128.0:8080"
3、启动
systemctl start kube-apiserver.service
systemctl start kube-controller-manager.service
systemctl start kube-scheduler.service
systemctl enable kube-apiserver.service
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager.service
systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service
4、组件作用
api-server： 接受并响应用户的请求
controller： 控制器管理，保证容器始终存活
scheduler： 调度器，选择启动容器的node节点
五、node节点安装kubernetes
1、安装
[root@k8s-node1 ~]#yum install kubernetes-node.x86_64 -y
2、配置
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# vim /etc/kubernetes/config
修改如下内容 ：
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://10.0.128.0:8080" [root@k8s-node1 ~]# vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
修改如下内容：
KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=0.0.0.0"
KUBELET_PORT="--port=10250"
KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname-override=k8s-node1"
KUBELET_API_SERVER="--api-servers=http://10.0.128.0:8080"
3、启动
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl enable kubelet.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl start kubelet.service
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl enable kube-proxy.service
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl start kube-proxy.service
4、组件作用
kubelet 调用docker，管理容器生命周期
nova-compute 调用libvirt，管理虚拟机的生命周期
kube-poxy 提供容器网络访问
六、所有节点配置flannel网络
1、master节点
1、安装
[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install flannel -y
2、配置
[root@k8s-master ~]# sed -i 's#http://127.0.0.1:2379#http://10.0.128.0:2379#g' /etc/sysconfig/flanneld
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl mk /atomic.io/network/config '{ "Network":"172.16.0.0/16" }'
{ "Network":"172.16.0.0/16" }
3、启动
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable flanneld.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/flanneld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.wants/flanneld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service.
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start flanneld.service
4、检查是否安装成功
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl restart kube-apiserver.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl restart kube-controller-manager.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl restart kube-scheduler.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# ifconfig flannel0
flannel0: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> mtu 1472
inet 172.16.67.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 destination 172.16.67.0
inet6 fe80::b9bb:f96a:188d:426e prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 500 (UNSPEC)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 3 bytes 144 (144.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
2、node节点
1、安装
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# yum install flannel -y
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# yum install flannel -y
2、配置
[root@k8s-node1 ~]#sed -i 's#http://127.0.0.1:2379#http://10.0.128.0:2379#g' /etc/sysconfig/flannel
[root@k8s-node2 ~]#sed -i 's#http://127.0.0.1:2379#http://10.0.128.0:2379#g' /etc/sysconfig/flannel
3、启动
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl enable flanneld.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/flanneld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.wants/flanneld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service.
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl start flanneld.service
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# systemctl enable flanneld.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/flanneld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.wants/flanneld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service.
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# systemctl start flanneld.service
4、检查是否安装成功
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# ifconfig flannel0
flannel0: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> mtu 1472
inet 172.16.10.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 destination 172.16.10.0
inet6 fe80::6fc:c859:c331:833d prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 500 (UNSPEC)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 3 bytes 144 (144.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 [root@k8s-node2 ~]# ifconfig flannel0
flannel0: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> mtu 1472
inet 172.16.48.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 destination 172.16.48.0
inet6 fe80::2f4c:6385:45ca:34b8 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 500 (UNSPEC)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 3 bytes 144 (144.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
3、容器网络互通测试
1、所有节点启动容器并获取容器ip地址
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS AGE
k8s-node1 Ready 10h
k8s-node2 NotReady 9h [root@k8s-master ~]# docker run -it busybox /bin/sh
Unable to find image 'busybox:latest' locally
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/busybox ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/busybox
57c14dd66db0: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:7964ad52e396a6e045c39b5a44438424ac52e12e4d5a25d94895f2058cb863a0
/ # ifconfig|grep eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:AC:10:30:02
inet addr:172.16.48.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0 [root@k8s-node1 ~]# docker run -it busybox /bin/sh
Unable to find image 'busybox:latest' locally
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/busybox ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/busybox
57c14dd66db0: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:7964ad52e396a6e045c39b5a44438424ac52e12e4d5a25d94895f2058cb863a0
/ # ifconfig|grep eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:AC:10:0A:02
inet addr:172.16.10.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0 [root@k8s-node2 ~]# docker run -it busybox /bin/sh
Unable to find image 'busybox:latest' locally
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/busybox ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/busybox
57c14dd66db0: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:7964ad52e396a6e045c39b5a44438424ac52e12e4d5a25d94895f2058cb863a0
/ # ifconfig|grep eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:AC:10:30:02
inet addr:172.16.48.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0
2、网络互通性测试
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# docker run -it busybox /bin/sh
Unable to find image 'busybox:latest' locally
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/busybox ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/busybox
57c14dd66db0: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:7964ad52e396a6e045c39b5a44438424ac52e12e4d5a25d94895f2058cb863a0
/ # ifconfig|grep eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:AC:10:30:02
inet addr:172.16.48.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0 / # ping 172.16.10.2
PING 172.16.10.2 (172.16.10.2): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 172.16.10.2: seq=0 ttl=60 time=5.212 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.10.2: seq=1 ttl=60 time=1.076 ms
^C
--- 172.16.10.2 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 1.076/2.118/5.212 ms / # ping 172.16.48.2
PING 172.16.48.2 (172.16.48.2): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 172.16.48.2: seq=0 ttl=60 time=5.717 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.48.2: seq=1 ttl=60 time=1.108 ms
^C
--- 172.16.48.2 ping statistics ---
7 packets transmitted, 7 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 1.108/1.904/5.717 ms
4、遇到的坑：
如果用docker-1.31可能会有网络不通的情况，解决办法如下
iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
七、配置master为镜像仓库
1、master节点
1、配置
vim /etc/sysconfig/docker 修改内容如下：
OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com --insecure-registry=10.0.128.0:5000'
systemctl restart docker
2、启动私有仓库
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry -v /opt/myregistry:/var/lib/registry registry
Unable to find image 'registry:latest' locally
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/registry ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/registry
cd784148e348: Pull complete
0ecb9b11388e: Pull complete
918b3ddb9613: Pull complete
5aa847785533: Pull complete
adee6f546269: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:1cd9409a311350c3072fe510b52046f104416376c126a479cef9a4dfe692cf57
ba8d9b958c7c0867d5443ee23825f842a580331c87f6555678709dfc8899ff17
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ba8d9b958c7c registry "/entrypoint.sh /etc/" 11 seconds ago Up 9 seconds 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp registry
15340ee09614 busybox "/bin/sh" 3 hours ago Exited (1) 19 minutes ago sleepy_mccarthy
3、推送镜像测试
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker tag docker.io/busybox:latest 10.0.128.0:5000/busybox:latest
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker push 10.0.128.0:5000/busybox:latest
The push refers to a repository [10.0.128.0:5000/busybox]
683f499823be: Pushed
latest: digest: sha256:bbb143159af9eabdf45511fd5aab4fd2475d4c0e7fd4a5e154b98e838488e510 size: 527
2、node节点
1、配置
vim /etc/sysconfig/docker 修改内容如下：
OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com --insecure-registry=10.0.128.0:5000'
systemctl restart docker
2、测试
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# docker pull 10.0.128.0:5000/busybox:latest
Trying to pull repository 10.0.128.0:5000/busybox ...
latest: Pulling from 10.0.128.0:5000/busybox
Digest: sha256:bbb143159af9eabdf45511fd5aab4fd2475d4c0e7fd4a5e154b98e838488e510
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