mongodb sort limit和skip用法

> db.mediaCollection.find().skip().toArray()
[
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353463193efef02c962da73"),
                "Type" : "CD",
                "Artist" : "Nirvana",
                "Title" : "Nevermind",
                "Tracklist" : [
                        {
                                "Track" : "",
                                "Title" : "Smells like teen spirit",
                                "Length" : "5:02"
                        },
                        {
                                "Track" : "",
                                "Title" : "In Bloom",
                                "Length" : "4:15"
                        }
                ]
        }
]

检索数据可以使用sort()方法来对数据进行排序，指定排序字段，并使用1或-1来指定排序方式是升序或降序。类似于SQL语句中的order by语句。

可以使用limit()方法来读取指定数量的数据，还可以使用skip()方法来跳过指定数量的数据。对分页性能上面效率非常高。

1. 语法

>db.COLLECTION_NAME.find().sort({KEY:1})

>db.COLLECTION_NAME.find().limit(NUMBER)

>db.COLLECTION_NAME.find().limit(NUMBER).skip(NUMBER)

2. sort()

> db.mediaCollection.find().sort({"Tracklist":}).toArray()
[
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353462f93efef02c962da71"),
                "Type" : "Book",
                "Title" : "Definitive Guide to <a href="http://www.ttlsa.com/mongodb" title="mongodb"target="_blank">MongoDB</a>, the",
                "ISBN" : "987-1-4302-3051-9",
                "Publisher" : "Apress",
                "Author" : [
                        "Membrey, Peter",
                        "Plugge, Eelco",
                        "Hawkins, Tim"
                ]
        },
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353462f93efef02c962da72"),
                "Type" : "CD",
                "Artist" : "Nirvana",
                "Title" : "Nevermind"
        },
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353463193efef02c962da73"),
                "Type" : "CD",
                "Artist" : "Nirvana",
                "Title" : "Nevermind",
                "Tracklist" : [
                        {
                                "Track" : "",
                                "Title" : "Smells like teen spirit",
                                "Length" : "5:02"
                        },
                        {
                                "Track" : "",
                                "Title" : "In Bloom",
                                "Length" : "4:15"
                        }
                ]
        }
]
> db.mediaCollection.find().toArray()
[
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353462f93efef02c962da71"),
                "Type" : "Book",
                "Title" : "Definitive Guide to MongoDB, the",
                "ISBN" : "987-1-4302-3051-9",
                "Publisher" : "Apress",
                "Author" : [
                        "Membrey, Peter",
                        "Plugge, Eelco",
                        "Hawkins, Tim"
                ]
        },
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353462f93efef02c962da72"),
                "Type" : "CD",
                "Artist" : "Nirvana",
                "Title" : "Nevermind"
        },
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353463193efef02c962da73"),
                "Type" : "CD",
                "Artist" : "Nirvana",
                "Title" : "Nevermind",
                "Tracklist" : [
                        {
                                "Track" : "",
                                "Title" : "Smells like teen spirit",
                                "Length" : "5:02"
                        },
                        {
                                "Track" : "",
                                "Title" : "In Bloom",
                                "Length" : "4:15"
                        }
                ]
        }
]

注意：如果指定的排序键不存在，那么数值将以它们插入的顺序升序返回。

3. limit()

该函数用来指定返回结果的最大数量。

> db.mediaCollection.find().limit().toArray()
[
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353462f93efef02c962da71"),
                "Type" : "Book",
                "Title" : "Definitive Guide to MongoDB, the",
                "ISBN" : "987-1-4302-3051-9",
                "Publisher" : "Apress",
                "Author" : [
                        "Membrey, Peter",
                        "Plugge, Eelco",
                        "Hawkins, Tim"
                ]
        }
]

4. skip()

跳过前面两条数据。

> db.mediaCollection.find().skip().toArray()
[
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353463193efef02c962da73"),
                "Type" : "CD",
                "Artist" : "Nirvana",
                "Title" : "Nevermind",
                "Tracklist" : [
                        {
                                "Track" : "",
                                "Title" : "Smells like teen spirit",
                                "Length" : "5:02"
                        },
                        {
                                "Track" : "",
                                "Title" : "In Bloom",
                                "Length" : "4:15"
                        }
                ]
        }
]

5. 组合使用

[
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353462f93efef02c962da71"),
                "Type" : "Book",
                "Title" : "Definitive Guide to MongoDB, the",
                "ISBN" : "987-1-4302-3051-9",
                "Publisher" : "Apress",
                "Author" : [
                        "Membrey, Peter",
                        "Plugge, Eelco",
                        "Hawkins, Tim"
                ]
        },
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353462f93efef02c962da72"),
                "Type" : "CD",
                "Artist" : "Nirvana",
                "Title" : "Nevermind"
        },
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353463193efef02c962da73"),
                "Type" : "CD",
                "Artist" : "Nirvana",
                "Title" : "Nevermind",
                "Tracklist" : [
                        {
                                "Track" : "",
                                "Title" : "Smells like teen spirit",
                                "Length" : "5:02"
                        },
                        {
                                "Track" : "",
                                "Title" : "In Bloom",
                                "Length" : "4:15"
                        }
                ]
        }
]
> db.mediaCollection.find().sort({"Tracklist":}).limit().skip().toArray()
[
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353462f93efef02c962da72"),
                "Type" : "CD",
                "Artist" : "Nirvana",
                "Title" : "Nevermind"
        }
]

6. 自然顺序$natural

> db.mediaCollection.find().sort( { $natural: - } ).toArray()
[
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353463193efef02c962da73"),
                "Type" : "CD",
                "Artist" : "Nirvana",
                "Title" : "Nevermind",
                "Tracklist" : [
                        {
                                "Track" : "",
                                "Title" : "Smells like teen spirit",
                                "Length" : "5:02"
                        },
                        {
                                "Track" : "",
                                "Title" : "In Bloom",
                                "Length" : "4:15"
                        }
                ]
        },
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353462f93efef02c962da72"),
                "Type" : "CD",
                "Artist" : "Nirvana",
                "Title" : "Nevermind"
        },
        {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5353462f93efef02c962da71"),
                "Type" : "Book",
                "Title" : "Definitive Guide to MongoDB, the",
                "ISBN" : "987-1-4302-3051-9",
                "Publisher" : "Apress",
                "Author" : [
                        "Membrey, Peter",
                        "Plugge, Eelco",
                        "Hawkins, Tim"
                ]
        }
]

转载至http://blog.fens.me/nodejs-mongoose-json/，