shell脚本实现自动化备份

1、备份规则：

　　在生产环境中有若干服务器需要定时将服务器中应用程序，以及数据库等进行备份。要求在本地服务器中保存近一周的备份，备份服务器中保存最近一月的备份文件。

                               

　　以服务器A为例：在服务器A上有应用程序业务及（/ucap/UServer_V5.5.1_5002），有数据库业务（mongodb和mysql）需要将以上三个业务进行备份，且在A服务器上创建backup-dir将备份文件存放在目录下，每日凌晨进行备份，并将备份文件上传至备份服务器（NFS），在平时备份服务器与服务器A不会有联系，即只是在上传备份文件，服务器A自动挂载备份文件共享目录，备份完成卸载目录。本地服务器保存近一周文件，备份服务器保存近30日备份文件。

2、具体实现如下步骤：

　　

 #delet backup when is sunday   周日删除上周文件。
 WEEK=$(date +%w)
 BACKUP_ROOT=/backup
 BACKUP_DIR=/backup/backup_full_`date +%F`
 if [ -e $BACKUP_ROOT ]
         then
                 cd $BACKUP_ROOT  #如果/backup目录存在，进入目录。
      if [ $WEEK -eq  ]
                 then
                         rm -rf $BACKUP_ROOT/* #如果进入是星期天（0表示星期天）执行删除/backup下所有的备份文件。
      fi
      if [ $? -eq 0 ]     #判断是否删除成功
           then
               action "old-backup is remove." /bin/true
      fi

 fi
 ####mkdir backup-dir    #创建本地备份目录。如果目录存在则输出目录已经存
 #在，否则表示不存在目录则创建包含时间的目录文件目录
 if [ -e $BACKUP_DIR ]
         then
                 action "$BACKUP_DIR had been created."  /bin/true
         else
 #含当前时间的目录文件实际可以用$BACKUP_DIR
                 mkdir -p /backup/backup_full_`date +%F`
                 action "$BACKUP_DIR  is creating."  /bin/true
 fi     

本地创建备份目录及周日删除

　　注意：周日删除必须在创建当天目录之前。因为一旦先创建目录在删除文件由于使用的是rm -rf $BACKUP_ROOT/*意思是将本地备份目录下的所有文件删除，所有新创建的目录也会被删除。因此应该执行先删除再创建。

 ###tar backup  /ucap/UServer_V5..1_5002
 CMSP=/ucap
 cd $CMSP
 FILE_UCM=UServer_V5..1_5002
 #使用tar -g快照功能进行备份将快照snapshot.cms也存放在备份目录下，然后将备份文件按照ip地址以及日期进行打包存放在备份目录下的当日文件目录下。
 tar -g $BACKUP_ROOT/snapshot.cms -cvf $BACKUP_DIR/${FILE_UCM}_ip_1.25_backup.$(date +%F).tar  $FILE_UCM >/dev/null >&

 if [ $? =  ]    #判断是否执行成功。
         then
                 action "$FILE_UCM is backup." /bin/true
         else
                 action "$FILE_UCM is no been backuped." /bin/true
 fi
 ###tar backup  /ucap/mongodb
 CMSP=/ucap
 cd $CMSP
 FILE_UCM=mongodb
 #备份规则同上。
 tar -g $BACKUP_ROOT/snapshot.cms -cvf $BACKUP_DIR/${FILE_UCM}_ip_1.25_backup.$(date +%F).tar  $FILE_UCM >/dev/null >&

 if [ $? =  ]
         then
                 action "$FILE_UCM is backup." /bin/true
         else
                 action "$FILE_UCM is no been backuped." /bin/true
 fi

备份文件及mongodb

 #parameter defined
 BAKDATE=`date +%F`
 MYSQL_PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin
 MYUSER=root
 MYPASS="Ucap7890&*()"
 #DBNAME=`mysql -uroot -p'Ucap7890&*()' -e "show databases;"|grep  cpmdb`
 DATA_FILE=${BACKUP_DIR}/mysql_backup_${BAKDATE}.sql.gz
 [ ! -d  ${BACKUP_DIR} ] && mkdir -p ${BACKUP_DIR}
 #command defined
 #定义mysqldump命令备份cpmdb库并进行行锁
 MYSQL_DUMP="${MYSQL_PATH}/mysqldump -u$MYUSER -p$MYPASS -S /tmp/mysql.sock  -F -B cpmdb --single-transaction -e"
 #backup command#执行命令并用GZI打包至备份目录当前日期下的文件中。
 ${MYSQL_DUMP} | gzip > $DATA_FILE

Mysql备份

 #####copye backup_tar to backup_server
 BACKUP_SERVER=23.202.1.23:/backup/Search   #NFS备份服务器
 LOCAL_DIR=/backup1                                     #本地挂载点
 RPC_PID=`/etc/init.d/rpcbind status|wc -l`         #判断RPC
 MOUNT_STATUS=`df -h | grep backup1 | wc -l`  #判断是否已经挂载
 BACKUP_FILEDIR=backup_full_`date +%F`
 SERVER_IP=`ifconfig| grep Bcast|awk '{print $2}'`  #本机IP
  if [ ! -e ${LOCAL_DIR} ]              #判断挂载点目录是否存在
       then
               mkdir ${LOCAL_DIR}
  fi

  if [ ${RPC_PID} -eq  ]               #判断RPC-BIND是否启动没有启动执行启动
       then
               /etc/init.d/rpcbind start
  fi
         if [ $MOUNT_STATUS -eq  ]  #判断NFS是否挂载没有挂载执行挂载
              then
                 mount -t nfs ${BACKUP_SERVER}    ${LOCAL_DIR}
                 cd ${LOCAL_DIR}         #进入挂载目录
                 find ${LOCAL_DIR} -mtime + -exec rm{} \; #删除30天以前文件
               if [ `find ${LOCAL_DIR} -mtime + -exec ls{} \;|wc -l` -eq  ]    #如果没有了30天前的文件将本地备份目录下的备份文件备份至备份服务器。
                         then
                                 cd $BACKUP_ROOT
                                 cp -r ${BACKUP_FILEDIR}  ${LOCAL_DIR}/
               fi
               if [ $? -eq  ]    #判断执行是否成功，成功后卸载挂载目录。
                         then
                                 umount -l ${LOCAL_DIR}
               fi
               else      #表示已经挂载了NFS备份服务器执行删除备份卸载。
                  cd ${LOCAL_DIR}
                  find ${LOCAL_DIR} -mtime + -exec rm{} \;
                  cd $BACKUP_ROOT
                  cp -r ${BACKUP_FILEDIR}  ${LOCAL_DIR}/
                  umount -l ${LOCAL_DIR}
                  exit
  fi

本地备份存放至本分服务器并删除30日前的备份文件

3、整个脚本，由于本分脚本中含有数据库密码所有在最好做判断只有root用户才能执行脚本。

 #!/bin/bash
 ##########################################
 # this script is created by xuxuedong.                             #
 # e_mail:***@qq.com                                        #
 # qqinfo:***                                                     #
 # This is backup the fiel for  the server.                          #
 # version:1.1                                                               #
 ##########################################
 . /etc/init.d/functions
 #set env
 export PATH=$PATH:/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin
 export LANG="zh_CN.GB18030"

 # Require root to run this script.  判断是否是root用户执行。
 if [[ "$(whoami)" != "root" ]]; then
   echo "Please run this script as root." >&
   exit
 fi

 # Source function library.
 #. /etc/init.d/functions
 WEEK=$(date +%w)
 BACKUP_ROOT=/backup
 BACKUP_DIR=/backup/backup_full_`date +%F`
 if [ -e $BACKUP_ROOT ]
         then
                 cd $BACKUP_ROOT
      if [ $WEEK -eq  ]
                 then
                         rm -rf $BACKUP_ROOT/*
       fi
         if [ $? -eq 0 ]
                 then
                         action "old-backup is remove." /bin/true
         fi
           else
                 echo "Time is not, cannot be deleted." /bin/false

 fi
 ####mkdir backup-dir
 if [ -e $BACKUP_DIR ]
         then
                 action "$BACKUP_DIR had been created."  /bin/true
         else
                 mkdir -p /backup/backup_full_`date +%F`
                 action "$BACKUP_DIR  is creating."  /bin/true
 fi
 ###tar backup  /ucap/UServer_V5.5.1_5002
 CMSP=/ucap
 cd $CMSP
 FILE_UCM=UServer_V5.5.1_5002
 tar -g $BACKUP_ROOT/snapshot.cms -cvf $BACKUP_DIR/${FILE_UCM}_ip_1.25_backup.$(date +%F).tar  $FILE_UCM >/dev/null 2>&1

 if [ $? = 0 ]
         then
                 action "$FILE_UCM is backup." /bin/true
         else
                 action "$FILE_UCM is no been backuped." /bin/true
 fi
 ###tar backup  /ucap/mongodb
 CMSP=/ucap
 cd $CMSP
 FILE_UCM=mongodb
 tar -g $BACKUP_ROOT/snapshot.cms -cvf $BACKUP_DIR/${FILE_UCM}_ip_1.25_backup.$(date +%F).tar  $FILE_UCM >/dev/null 2>&1

 if [ $? = 0 ]
         then
                 action "$FILE_UCM is backup." /bin/true
         else
                 action "$FILE_UCM is no been backuped." /bin/true
 fi
 #parameter defined
 BAKDATE=`date +%F`
 MYSQL_PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin
 MYUSER=root
 MYPASS="Ucap7890&*()"
 #DBNAME=`mysql -uroot -p'Ucap7890&*()' -e "show databases;"|grep  cpmdb`
 DATA_FILE=${BACKUP_DIR}/mysql_backup_${BAKDATE}.sql.gz
 [ ! -d  ${BACKUP_DIR} ] && mkdir -p ${BACKUP_DIR}
 #command defined
 MYSQL_DUMP="${MYSQL_PATH}/mysqldump -u$MYUSER -p$MYPASS -S /tmp/mysql.sock  -F -B cpmdb --single-transaction -e"
 #backup command
 ${MYSQL_DUMP} | gzip > $DATA_FILE

 #####copye backup_tar to backup_server
 BACKUP_SERVER=23.202.1.23:/backup/Search
 LOCAL_DIR=/backup1
 RPC_PID=`/etc/init.d/rpcbind status|wc -l`
 MOUNT_STATUS=`df -h | grep backup1 | wc -l`
 BACKUP_FILEDIR=backup_full_`date +%F`
 SERVER_IP=`ifconfig| grep Bcast|awk '{print $2}'`
  if [ ! -e ${LOCAL_DIR} ]
       then
               mkdir ${LOCAL_DIR}
  fi

  if [ ${RPC_PID} -eq 0 ]
       then
               /etc/init.d/rpcbind start
  fi
         if [ $MOUNT_STATUS -eq 0 ]
              then
                 mount -t nfs ${BACKUP_SERVER}    ${LOCAL_DIR}
                 cd ${LOCAL_DIR}
                 find ${LOCAL_DIR} -mtime +30 -exec rm{} \;
               if [ `find ${LOCAL_DIR} -mtime +30 -exec ls{} \;|wc -l` -eq 0 ]
                         then
                                 cd $BACKUP_ROOT
                                 cp -r ${BACKUP_FILEDIR}  ${LOCAL_DIR}/
               fi
               if [ $? -eq 0 ]
                         then
                                 umount -l ${LOCAL_DIR}
               fi
               else
                  cd ${LOCAL_DIR}
                  find ${LOCAL_DIR} -mtime +30 -exec rm{} \;
                  cd $BACKUP_ROOT
                  cp -r ${BACKUP_FILEDIR}  ${LOCAL_DIR}/
                  umount -l ${LOCAL_DIR}
                  exit 1
  fi

所有脚本