yum 命令用法

[root@hdp01 ~]# yum list available |grep ambari  ######列出可安装的程序包
ambari-infra-solr.noarch 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-infra-solr-client.noarch 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-logsearch-logfeeder.noarch 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-logsearch-portal.noarch 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-metrics-collector.x86_64 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-metrics-common.noarch 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-metrics-grafana.x86_64 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
[root@hdp01 ~]# yum list installed |grep ambari    ######列出已安装的程序包
ambari-agent.x86_64 2.6.1.5-3 @ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-metrics-hadoop-sink.x86_64
2.6.1.5-3 @ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-metrics-monitor.x86_64
2.6.1.5-3 @ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-server.x86_64 2.6.1.5-3 @ambari-2.6.1.5
smartsense-hst.x86_64 1.4.4.2.6.1.5-3 @ambari-2.6.1.5

[root@hdp01 ~]# yum list ambari*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Installed Packages
ambari-agent.x86_64 2.6.1.5-3 @ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-metrics-hadoop-sink.x86_64 2.6.1.5-3 @ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-metrics-monitor.x86_64 2.6.1.5-3 @ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-server.x86_64 2.6.1.5-3 @ambari-2.6.1.5
Available Packages
ambari-infra-solr.noarch 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-infra-solr-client.noarch 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-logsearch-logfeeder.noarch 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-logsearch-portal.noarch 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-metrics-collector.x86_64 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-metrics-common.noarch 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5
ambari-metrics-grafana.x86_64 2.6.1.5-3 ambari-2.6.1.5

Yum: 即Yellowdog Update Modifier,是一种基于rpm的包管理工具

yum命令使用示例

显示yum仓库

显示所有仓库

yum repolist all

显示可用的仓库

repolist enabled

显示可用的仓库

repolist disabled

显示应用程序包

显示所有的程序包

yum list
或
yum list all

[vathe@localhost ~]$yum list tre?
Installed Packages
tree.x86_64                                         1.6.0-10.el7                                          @base

还支持通配符格式的查询

显示可安装的程序包

yum list available

[vathe@localhost ~]$yum list available php
Available Packages
php.x86_64                                          5.4.16-42.el7                                          base

显示可更新或已安装的程序包

yum list updates

yum list installed

显示仓库中最近增加的程序包

yum list recent

安装程序包

#安装 tree 程序
yum install tree

升级程序包

yum update tree

卸载程序包

yum remove tree
或
yum erase tree

查看程序包信息

yum info tree

查看文件的来源

查看某一文件来自于那个程序包

[vathe@localhost ~]$yum provides /bin/mv
coreutils-8.22-18.el7.x86_64 : A set of basic GNU tools commonly used in shell scripts
Repo        : base
Matched from:
Filename    : /bin/mv

#表示/bin/mv文件来自于coreutils-8.22-18.el7.x86_64程序包

清理本地缓存

yum clean all 

#清楚插件缓存
yum clean plugins

构建缓存

yum makecache

搜索

[vathe@localhost ~]$yum search php
============================================== N/S matched: php ===============================================
graphviz-php.x86_64 : PHP extension for graphviz
php.x86_64 : PHP scripting language for creating dynamic web sites
php-bcmath.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the bcmath library
...

查看指定包所依赖的capabilities

[vathe@localhost ~]$yum deplist php
package: php.x86_64 5.4.16-42.el7
  dependency: httpd
   provider: httpd.x86_64 2.4.6-45.el7.centos
...

查看yum事务历史

[root@localhost ~]# yum history
Repository 'base' is missing name in configuration, using id
ID     | Login user               | Date and time    | Action(s)      | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     2 | Vathe Su <vathe>         | 2017-04-17 17:07 | Install        |    1
     1 | System <unset>           | 2017-03-23 22:19 | Install        | 1405
history list

包组相关的命令

yum groupinstall    # 安装包组

yum groupupdate     #更新包组

yum grouplist       #显示包组

yum groupremove     #移除包组

yum groupinfo       #查看包组信息

这些命令和上面的命令用法类似，只是针对于包组而言