读取xml文件，写入excel

　　在上一篇 Python写xml文件已经将所有订单写入xml文件，这一篇我们把xml文件中的内容读出来，写入excel文件。

　　输入xml格式：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <orderlist>
     <order>
         <customer>姓名1</customer>
         <phone>123456</phone>
         <address>成都</address>
         <count>2</count>
     </order>
     <order>
         <customer>姓名2</customer>
         <phone>234567</phone>
         <address>成都</address>
         <count>5</count>
     </order>
     <order>
         <customer>姓名3</customer>
         <phone>345678</phone>
         <address>成都</address>
         <count>1</count>
     </order>
 </orderlist>

　　输出excel格式（这里按点餐次数进行的降序排序）：

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　　工具库选择：beautifulsoup+lxml用于处理xml文件（当然也可直接使用lxml）， xlsxwriter用于写excel文件。

　　思路也比较简单：找出xml文件中的每一个<order>，然后进行降序排序，再将每一个order信息写入excel文件，每个order一行。

　　代码如下：

 # coding: utf-8

 import bs4
 import xlsxwriter

 # 读取xml文件，写入excel
 def xmlToExcel(file_xml, file_excel):
     # 打开xml文件，并以此创建一个bs对象
     xml = open(file_xml, 'r')
     doc = bs4.BeautifulSoup(xml, 'xml')

     # 创建一个excel文件，并添加一个sheet，命名为orders
     workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(file_excel)
     sheet = workbook.add_worksheet('orders')

     # 设置粗体
     bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': True})

     # 先在第一行写标题，用粗体
     sheet.write('A1', u'姓名', bold)
     sheet.write('B1', u'电话', bold)
     sheet.write('C1', u'点餐次数', bold)
     sheet.write('D1', u'地址', bold)

     # 筛选出所有的<order>，这里使用的是CSS选择器
     order = doc.select('order')

     # 以每个order的count元素，对order进行降序排序
     sort_key = lambda a: int(a.count.text)
     order.sort(key=sort_key, reverse=True)

     # 行号，具体订单信息从第二行开始
     row = 2
     # 将每一个订单写入excel
     for x in order:
         # 提取出具体信息
         name = x.customer.text
         phone = x.phone.text
         cnt = x.count.text
         addr = x.address.text

         # 将具体信息写入excel
         sheet.write('A%d' % row, name)
         sheet.write('B%d' % row, phone)
         sheet.write('C%d' % row, cnt)
         sheet.write('D%d' % row, addr)

         row += 1

     # 关闭文件
     xml.close()
     workbook.close()

 # 测试代码
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     file1 = 'hh.xml'
     file2 = 'hehe.xlsx'

     xmlToExcel(file1, file2)