Spring MVC学习总结（1）——Spring MVC单元测试

关于spring MVC单元测试常规的方法则是启动WEB服务器，测试出错 ，停掉WEB 改代码，重启WEB，测试，大量的时间都浪费在WEB服务器的启动上，下面介绍个实用的方法，spring
MVC单元测试.

package com.spring;





import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;





import org.json.JSONObject;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.http.MediaType;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.Model;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader;

import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;





@Controller

@RequestMapping(value = "/spring")

public class Action {





@Autowired

Teacher teacher;

// spring 支持restful的格式



@ResponseBody

@RequestMapping(value = "/rest/{ownerId}.do", method = RequestMethod.GET)

public String findOwner(@PathVariable String ownerId, Model model,

HttpServletResponse rep) throws IOException {

return ownerId;

}





@RequestMapping(value = "/test.do", method = RequestMethod.GET)

public String testa(Model model, HttpServletResponse rep)

throws IOException {

model.addAttribute("abc", "efd");

model.addAttribute(teacher);

return "a";

}





@ResponseBody

// 理论上可以@ResponseBody 支持直接返回teacher对象 但是3.2里有问题 我们还是老实返回字符串吧

@RequestMapping(value = "/testb.do", method = RequestMethod.GET)

public String testb(Model model, HttpServletResponse rep,

HttpServletRequest req, String ex) throws IOException {

// WEB中获得SPRING容器

WebApplicationContext wac = WebApplicationContextUtils

.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(req.getServletContext());

return new JSONObject(wac.getBean(Teacher.class)).toString();

}





@ResponseBody

@RequestMapping(value = "/post.do", method = RequestMethod.POST)

public String post(Model model, HttpServletResponse rep,

HttpServletRequest req, String ex) throws IOException {

return new JSONObject(req.getParameterMap()).toString();

}



}

单元测试代码

import java.awt.print.Printable;

import java.io.IOException;





import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;





import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.http.MediaType;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultHandler;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultMatcher;

import org.springframework.ui.Model;

import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.*;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders.*;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.*;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;





@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@WebAppConfiguration

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:applicationContext.xml" })

//当然 你可以声明一个事务管理 每个单元测试都进行事务回滚 无论成功与否

@TransactionConfiguration(defaultRollback = true)

//记得要在XML文件中声明事务哦~~~我是采用注解的方式

@Transactional

public class ExampleTests {





@Autowired

private WebApplicationContext wac;





private MockMvc mockMvc;





@Before

public void setup() {

// webAppContextSetup 注意上面的static import

// webAppContextSetup 构造的WEB容器可以添加fileter 但是不能添加listenCLASS

// WebApplicationContext context =

// ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext();

// 如果控制器包含如上方法 则会报空指针

this.mockMvc = webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();

}





@Test

        //有些单元测试你不希望回滚

        @Rollback(false)

public void ownerId() throws Exception {

mockMvc.perform((get("/spring/rest/4.do"))).andExpect(status().isOk())

.andDo(print());

}





@Test

public void test() throws Exception {

mockMvc.perform((get("/spring/test.do"))).andExpect(status().isOk())

.andDo(print())

.andExpect(model().attributeHasNoErrors("teacher"));

}





@Test

public void testb() throws Exception {

mockMvc.perform((get("/spring/testb.do"))).andExpect(status().isOk())

.andDo(print());

}





@Test

public void getAccount() throws Exception {

mockMvc.perform((post("/spring/post.do").param("abc", "def")))

.andExpect(status().isOk()).andDo(print());

}





}