浅谈消息队列 Message Queue

消息队列：在消息传递的过程中暂时保存消息的容器，充当发送者和接受者的中间人

消息队列的基本操作

    using System;
    using System.Messaging;

    namespace MQ
    {
        class MQHelper
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// 创建一个消息队列
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="name">消息队列的名称</param>
            /// <returns>是否创建成功</returns>
            public static bool CreateNewMQ(string name)
            {
                if (!MessageQueue.Exists(".\\private$\\" + name))
                {

                    MessageQueue mq = MessageQueue.Create(".\\private$\\" + name);
                    mq.Label = "private$\\" + name;
                    return true;
                }
                else
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            /// <summary>
            /// 删除一个消息队列
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="name">消息队列的名称</param>
            /// <returns>是否创建成功</returns>
            public static bool DeleteNewMQ(string name)
            {
                if (!MessageQueue.Exists(".\\private$\\" + name))
                {
                    MessageQueue.Delete(".\\private$\\" + name);
                    return true;
                }
                else
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            /// <summary>
            /// 发送消息到指定消息队列
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="mq_name">消息队列名称</param>
            /// <param name="msg_lable">消息头</param>
            /// <param name="msg_body">消息体</param>
            public static void SendMessage(string mq_name, string msg_lable, string msg_body)
            {
                MessageQueue mq = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\" + mq_name);
                Message message = new Message();
                message.Label = msg_lable;
                message.Body = msg_body;
                mq.Send(message);
            }
            /// <summary>
            /// 从指定消息队列获取第一条消息
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="mq_name">消息队列名称</param>
            /// <returns>Message</returns>
            public static Message ReceiveMessage(string mq_name)
            {
                MessageQueue mq = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\" + mq_name);
                if (mq.GetAllMessages().Length > 0)
                {
                    Message message = mq.Receive();
                    if (message != null)
                    {
                        message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(string) });
                    }
                    return message;
                }
                else
                {
                    return null;
                }
            }
        }
    }

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Messaging;
//添加物理文件 System.Messaging 的引用
namespace testweb
{
    public partial class MSMQtest : System.Web.UI.Page
    {
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //CreateNewQueue("MsgQueue");//创建一个消息队列
            //sendSimpleMsg();//每一个队列最好只发送和接收同一种格式的信息，不然不好转换格式。
            //receiveSimpleMsg();//
            //receiveSimpleMsg();
            //sendComplexMsg();
            //receiveComplexMsg();
            MsgModel m = receiveComplexMsg<MsgModel>();
            Response.Write(m.ToString());

        }
        private void sendSimpleMsg()
        {
            //实例化MessageQueue,并指向现有的一个名称为VideoQueue队列
            MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\MsgQueue");
            //MQ.Send("消息测试", "测试消息");
            System.Messaging.Message message = new System.Messaging.Message();
            message.Label = "消息lable";
            message.Body = "消息body";
            MQ.Send(message);

            Response.Write("成功发送消息，" + DateTime.Now + "<br/>");
        }
        private void receiveSimpleMsg()
        {
            MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\MsgQueue");
            //调用MessageQueue的Receive方法接收消息
            if (MQ.GetAllMessages().Length > 0)
            {
                System.Messaging.Message message = MQ.Receive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
                if (message != null)
                {
                    //message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new string[] { "Message.Bussiness.VideoPath,Message" });//消息类型转换
                    message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(string) });
                    Response.Write(string.Format("接收消息成功,lable:{0},body:{1},{2}<br/>", message.Label, message.Body.ToString(), DateTime.Now));
                }
            }
            else
            {
                Response.Write("没有消息了！<br/>");
            }
        }
        private void sendComplexMsg()
        {
            //实例化MessageQueue,并指向现有的一个名称为VideoQueue队列
            MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\MsgQueue");
            //MQ.Send("消息测试", "测试消息");
            System.Messaging.Message message = new System.Messaging.Message();
            message.Label = "复杂消息lable";
            message.Body = new MsgModel("1", "消息1");
            MQ.Send(message);

            Response.Write("成功发送消息，"+DateTime.Now+"<br/>");
        }
        private void receiveComplexMsg()
        {
            MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\MsgQueue");
            //调用MessageQueue的Receive方法接收消息
            if (MQ.GetAllMessages().Length > 0)
            {
                System.Messaging.Message message = MQ.Receive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
                if (message != null)
                {
                    message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(MsgModel) });//消息类型转换
                    MsgModel msg = (MsgModel)message.Body;
                    Response.Write(string.Format("接收消息成功,lable:{0},body:{1},{2}<br/>", message.Label, msg, DateTime.Now));
                }
            }
            else
            {
                Response.Write("没有消息了！<br/>");
            }
        }
        private T receiveComplexMsg<T>()
        {
            MessageQueue MQ = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\MsgQueue");
            //调用MessageQueue的Receive方法接收消息
            if (MQ.GetAllMessages().Length > 0)
            {
                System.Messaging.Message message = MQ.Receive(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
                if (message != null)
                {
                    message.Formatter = new System.Messaging.XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(T) });//消息类型转换
                    T msg = (T)message.Body;
                    return msg;
                }
            }

            return default(T);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 创建消息队列
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name">消息队列名称</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void CreateNewQueue(string name)
        {
            if (!System.Messaging.MessageQueue.Exists(".\\private$\\" + name))//检查是否已经存在同名的消息队列
            {

                System.Messaging.MessageQueue mq = System.Messaging.MessageQueue.Create(".\\private$\\" + name);
                mq.Label = "private$\\"+name;
                Response.Write("创建成功！<br/>");
            }
            else
            {
                //System.Messaging.MessageQueue.Delete(".\\private$\\" + name);//删除一个消息队列
                Response.Write("已经存在<br/>");
            }
        }

    }
    [Serializable]
    public class MsgModel
    {
        public string id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public MsgModel() { }
        public MsgModel(string _id, string _Name)
        {
            id = _id;
            Name = _Name;
        }
        public override string ToString()
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(id) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Name)) return "";
            return string.Format("id--{0},Name--{1}",id,Name);
        }
    }
}