Ubuntu16.04下安装elasticsearch+kibana实现php客户端的中文分词

1.下载安装java, elasticsearch和kibana

apt-get install default-jre default-jdk
wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.4.2.deb
dpkg -i elasticsearch-5.4..deb
wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/kibana/kibana-5.4.2-amd64.deb
dpkg -i kibana-5.4.-amd64.deb

2.安装中文分词插件，包括elasticsearch原生的中文分词icu和smartcn，以及第三方中文分词ik、拼音分词pinyin、繁简转换stconvert。

/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-plugin install analysis-icu
/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-plugin install analysis-smartcn
wget https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysisi-stconvert/releases/download/v5.4.2/elasticsearch-analysisi-stconvert-5.4.2.zip
/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-plugin install file:///{path}/elasticsearch-analysis-stconvert-5.4.2.zip
wget https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysisi-ik/releases/download/v5.4.2/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-5.4.2.zip 
unzip elasticsearch-analysis-ik-5.4..zip -d /usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins/analysis-ik 
wget https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysisi-pinyin/releases/download/v5.4.2/elasticsearch-analysis-pinyin-5.4.2.zip 
unzip elasticsearch-analysis-pinyin-5.4..zip -d /usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins/analysis-pinyin

3.启动服务器

service elasticsearch start
service kibana start

4.在kibana的Dev Tools中测试，地址为http://localhost:5601

大体上可以将Elasticsearch理解为一个RDBMS（关系型数据库，比如MySQL），那么index 就相当于数据库实例，type可以理解为表。
Mapping定义了type中的诸多字段的数据类型以及这些字段如何被Elasticsearch处理，比如一个字段是否可以查询以及如何分词等。
analyzer=char_filter+tokenizer+token_filter按顺序执行

icu提供tokenizer: icu_tokenizer
smartcn提供analyzer: smartcn and tokenizer: smartcn_tokenizer
ik提供analyzer: ik_smart , ik_max_word and tokenizer: ik_smart , ik_max_word
pinyin提供analyzer: pinyin , tokenizer: pinyin and token-filter: pinyin
stconvert提供analyzer: stconvert, tokenizer: stconvert, token-filter: stconvert, and char-filter: stconvert

PUT /stconvert/
{
    "settings" : {
        "analysis" : {
            "analyzer" : {
                "tsconvert" : {
                    "tokenizer" : "tsconvert"
                    }
                "tsconvert_icu_pinyin" : {
                    "char_filter" : ["tsconvert"],
                    "tokenizer" : "icu_tokenizer",
　　　　　　　　　　　 "filter" : ["pinyin"]
                    }
            },
            "tokenizer" : {
                "tsconvert" : {
                    "type" : "stconvert",
                    "delimiter" : "#",
                    "keep_both" : false,
                    "convert_type" : "t2s"
                }
            },
            "char_filter" : {
                "tsconvert" : {
                    "type" : "stconvert",
                    "delimiter" : "#",
                    "keep_both" : false,
                    "convert_type" : "t2s"
                }
            }
        }
    },
   "mappings":{
      "test":{
         "properties":{
            "title": {
               "type":"text",
               "analyzer":"tsconvert_icu_pinyin"
              }
            }
         }
      }
   }
}
GET /stconvert/_analyze?pretty
{
    "analyzer": "tsconvert_icu_pinyin",
    "text": ["狼藉藉口，北京国際電視檯"]
}
PUT /stconvert/test/
{
    "title":"狼藉藉口，北京国际电视台"
}
PUT /stconvert/test/
{
    "title":"狼藉借口，中央國際電視檯"
}
GET /stconvert/test/_search
{
    "query":{
        "match":{
            "title":"北京ds"
        }
    }
}

5.安装composer, elasticsearch-php和php的curl扩展

cd /var/www/html
php -r "copy('https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
php composer-setup.php
php composer.phar require "elasticsearch/elasticsearch": "~5.0"
apt-get install php-curl

在/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini中去掉 ;extension=php_curl.dll 前的分号，重启服务

6.测试php搜索elasticsearch

<?php
require 'vendor/autoload.php';
use Elasticsearch\ClientBuilder;
$hosts=['localhost'];
$client = ClientBuilder::create()           // Instantiate a new ClientBuilder
                    ->setHosts($hosts)      // Set the hosts
                    ->build();              // Build the client object
$searchParams = [
    'index' => 'stconvert',
    'type' => 'test',
    'body' => [
        'query' => [
            'match' => [
                'title' => '北京ds'
            ]
        ]
    ]
];
try {
    $results = $client->search($searchParams);
} catch (Elasticsearch\Common\Exceptions\TransportException $e) {
    $previous = $e->getPrevious();
    if ($previous instanceof Elasticsearch\Common\Exceptions\MaxRetriesException) {
        echo "Max retries!";
    }
}
print_r($results);
?>

elasticsearch的帮助文档：https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html
elasticsearch-php的帮助文档：https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/php-api/current/index.html