Java操作Hive

Hadoop版本：hadoop-2.9.2.tar.gz，Hive版本：apache-hive-2.3.6-src.tar.gz，安装Hive可查看：CentOS安装Hive

保证Hive以正确启动hiveserver2。

pom.xml依赖：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.zhi.test</groupId>
    <artifactId>hive-test</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>hive-test</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <!-- Logger -->
        <lg4j2.version>2.12.1</lg4j2.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hive</groupId>
            <artifactId>hive-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.6</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.17</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Logger（log4j2） -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>${lg4j2.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Log4j 1.x API Bridge -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-1.2-api</artifactId>
            <version>${lg4j2.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SLF4J Bridge -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
            <version>${lg4j2.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>jdk.tools</groupId>
            <artifactId>jdk.tools</artifactId>
            <version>1.8</version>
            <scope>system</scope>
            <systemPath>D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\lib/tools.jar</systemPath>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
            <version>5.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

Java代码：

package com.zhi.test.hive;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.MethodOrderer;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Order;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestMethodOrder;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance.Lifecycle;

/**
 * 使用JDBC进行Hive操作
 *
 * @author zhi
 * @since 2019年9月11日11:55:00
 *
 */
@TestInstance(Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
@TestMethodOrder(MethodOrderer.OrderAnnotation.class)
public class HiveTest {
    private final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(this.getClass());
    private static Connection connection = null;

    @BeforeAll
    public void init() throws Exception {
        try {
            Class.forName("org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver");
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:hive2://192.168.107.143:10000/test_db", "root", "abc123");
        } catch (SQLException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
            logger.error("创建Hive连接失败", e);
            throw e;
        }
    }

    @AfterAll
    public void destory() throws Exception {
        if (connection != null) {
            connection.close();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 创建数据库
     */
    @Order(1)
    @Test
    public void createDatabase() {
        String sql = "create database test_db";
        logger.info("创建数据库，脚本：{}", sql);
        try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement()) {
            statement.execute(sql);
            logger.info("创建数据库成功");
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("创建数据库出错", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 查询数据库
     */
    @Order(2)
    @Test
    public void showDatabases() {
        String sql = "show databases";
        logger.info("查询数据库，脚本：{}", sql);
        try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement(); ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql)) {
            while (rs.next()) {
                logger.info("查询到数据库：{}", rs.getString(1));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("创建数据库出错", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 创建表
     */
    @Order(3)
    @Test
    public void createTable() {
        String sql = "create table user_tb(id int, name string) row format delimited fields terminated by ','";
        logger.info("创建表，脚本：{}", sql);
        try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement()) {
            statement.execute(sql);
            logger.info("创建表成功");
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("创建表出错", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 查询所有表
     */
    @Order(3)
    @Test
    public void showTables() {
        String sql = "show tables";
        logger.info("查询所有表，脚本：{}", sql);
        try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement(); ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql)) {
            while (rs.next()) {
                logger.info("查询到表：{}", rs.getString(1));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("查询所有表出错", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 查看表结构
     */
    @Order(4)
    @Test
    public void descTable() {
        String sql = "desc user_tb";
        logger.info("查看表结构，脚本：{}", sql);
        try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement(); ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql)) {
            while (rs.next()) {
                logger.info("字段名：{}，类型：{}", rs.getString(1), rs.getString(2));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("查看表结构出错", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 导入数据，data.txt中的数据为格式为：<br>
     * 1,张三<br>
     * 2,李四
     */
    @Order(5)
    @Test
    public void loadData() {
        String sql = "load data local inpath '/home/data.txt' overwrite into table user_tb";
        logger.info("导入数据，脚本：{}", sql);
        try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement()) {
            statement.execute(sql);
            logger.info("导入数据成功");
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("导入数据出错", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 查询数据
     */
    @Order(6)
    @Test
    public void selectData() {
        String sql = "select * from user_tb";
        logger.info("查询数据，脚本：{}", sql);
        try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement(); ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql)) {
            while (rs.next()) {
                logger.info("id={},name={}", rs.getInt("id"), rs.getString("name"));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("查询数据出错", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 查数量
     */
    @Order(7)
    @Test
    public void count() {
        String sql = "select count(1) from user_tb";
        logger.info("查数量，脚本：{}", sql);
        try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement(); ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql)) {
            while (rs.next()) {
                logger.info("数量={}", rs.getInt(1));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("查数量出错", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 删除表
     */
    @Order(8)
    @Test
    public void deopTable() {
        String sql = "drop table if exists user_tb";
        logger.info("删除表，脚本：{}", sql);
        try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement()) {
            statement.execute(sql);
            logger.info("删除表成功");
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("删除表出错", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 删除数据库
     */
    @Order(9)
    @Test
    public void dropDatabase() {
        String sql = "drop database if exists test_db";
        logger.info("删除数据库，脚本：{}", sql);
        try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement()) {
            statement.execute(sql);
            logger.info("删除数据库成功");
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("删除数据库出错", e);
        }
    }
}

代码执行结果：

2019-09-11 22:05:52.324 [main] INFO  org.apache.hive.jdbc.Utils.parseURL 325 - Supplied authorities: 192.168.107.143:10000
2019-09-11 22:05:52.334 [main] INFO  org.apache.hive.jdbc.Utils.parseURL 444 - Resolved authority: 192.168.107.143:10000
2019-09-11 22:05:52.772 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.createDatabase 58 - 创建数据库，脚本：create database test_db
2019-09-11 22:05:53.098 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.createDatabase 61 - 创建数据库成功
2019-09-11 22:05:53.131 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.showDatabases 74 - 查询数据库，脚本：show databases
2019-09-11 22:05:53.332 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.showDatabases 77 - 查询到数据库：default
2019-09-11 22:05:53.332 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.showDatabases 77 - 查询到数据库：test_db
2019-09-11 22:05:53.347 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.createTable 91 - 创建表，脚本：create table user_tb(id int, name string) row format delimited fields terminated by ','
2019-09-11 22:05:53.623 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.createTable 94 - 创建表成功
2019-09-11 22:05:53.644 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.showTables 107 - 查询所有表，脚本：show tables
2019-09-11 22:05:53.784 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.showTables 110 - 查询到表：user_tb
2019-09-11 22:05:53.784 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.showTables 110 - 查询到表：usertest_tb
2019-09-11 22:05:53.806 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.descTable 124 - 查看表结构，脚本：desc user_tb
2019-09-11 22:05:53.971 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.descTable 127 - 字段名：id，类型：int
2019-09-11 22:05:53.971 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.descTable 127 - 字段名：name，类型：string
2019-09-11 22:05:53.987 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.loadData 143 - 导入数据，脚本：load data local inpath '/home/data.txt' overwrite into table user_tb
2019-09-11 22:05:55.106 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.loadData 146 - 导入数据成功
2019-09-11 22:05:55.119 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.selectData 159 - 查询数据，脚本：select * from user_tb
2019-09-11 22:05:55.870 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.selectData 162 - id=1,name=张三
2019-09-11 22:05:55.871 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.selectData 162 - id=2,name=李四
2019-09-11 22:05:55.890 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.count 176 - 查数量，脚本：select count(1) from user_tb
2019-09-11 22:05:57.952 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.count 179 - 数量=2
2019-09-11 22:05:57.983 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.deopTable 193 - 删除表，脚本：drop table if exists user_tb
2019-09-11 22:05:58.256 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.deopTable 196 - 删除表成功
2019-09-11 22:05:58.268 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.dropDatabase 209 - 删除数据库，脚本：drop database if exists test_db
2019-09-11 22:05:58.494 [main] INFO  com.zhi.test.hive.HiveTest.dropDatabase 212 - 删除数据库成功