python 操作excel实现替换特定内容

本文介绍使用python语言，借助openyxl库来实现操作excel（xlsx）文件，实现替换特定内容的需求。

目前实现了3个小功能：

1. 全字匹配替换（mode1）；（如：全字匹配 yocichen, 替换成为 yociXchen）

2. 部分字符匹配替换(mode2)；（如：thisisyociblog,替换成为 thisisyocichenblog）

3. 全字匹配填充(mode3)；（如：yoci,替换成为yoci: a foolish），用于在字符后面添加字符

源码：

 import openpyxl
 import re
 import traceback

 changeCells = 0

 # replace the special content
 """
 file: file path : str
 mode: type of the operatoration : int
 text: the string need to be replaceed : int or str
 replaceText: replacement Text : int or str
 """
 def changeData(file, mode, text, replaceText):
     # load the file(*.xlsx)
     wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(file)
     # ! deal with one sheet
     ws = wb.worksheets[0]
     global changeCells
     # get rows and columns of file
     rows = ws.max_row
     cols = ws.max_column
     changeFlag = False
     try:
         for row in range(1, rows+1):
             for col in range(1, cols+1):
                 content = ws.cell(row=row, column=col).value
                 if(content != None):
                     # mode1: fullmatch replacement
                     if(mode == 1):
                         if(content == text):
                             ws.cell(row=row, column=col).value = replaceText
                             changeFlag = True
                             changeCells += 1
                     # mode2: partial replacement
                     elif(mode == 2):
                         if(type(content) == str):
                             ws.cell(row=row, column=col).value = content.replace(
                                 text, replaceText, 1)
                             changeFlag = True
                             changeCells += 1
                     # mode3: partialmatch and filling
                     elif(mode == 3):
                         if(type(content) == str):
                             ws.cell(row=row, column=col).value = content.replace(
                                 text, text+replaceText, 1)
                             changeFlag = True
                             changeCells += 1
                     else:
                         return 0
         # status_1: modified success
         if(changeFlag):
             wb.save(file)
             return changeCells
         # status_2: no modified
         else:
             return changeCells
     # status_3: exception
     except Exception as e:
         print(traceback.format_exc())

 # read the content of file
 """
 file: file path : str
 """
 def rdxl(file):
     # load the file(*.xlsx)
     wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(file)
     # ! deal with one sheet
     ws = wb.worksheets[0]
     global changeCells
     # get rows and columns of file
     rows = ws.max_row
     cols = ws.max_column
     changeFlag = False
     cells = 0
     for row in range(1, rows+1):
         for col in range(1, cols+1):
             content = ws.cell(row=row, column=col).value
             print(content)
             cells += 1
     print('cells', cells)

 if __name__ == "__main__":
      res = changeData('D:\\001.xlsx', 1, 7777, 'bug制造者')
      if(res != None):
          print('已修改 ', res, ' 处')
      # else:
      #     print('操作失败:\n'+res)
      rdxl('D:\\001.xlsx')