django learn step

django开发：

1 安装python环境
官网下载后安装 或者安装anaconda
conda env list

anaconda相关操作：

查看环境

conda env list
创建环境

conda create -n python36 python=3.6
进入环境

source activate python36
activate python36 # windows下
搜索包

conda search mxnet*
指定环境，查看已安装的包

conda list -n python36
指定环境，安装指定版本的包

conda install -n python36 mxnet==1.0.0
指定环境，更新包

conda update -n python36 mxnet
指定环境，删除包

conda remove -n python36 mxnet
导出环境为yml

conda env export > environment.yml
根据yml创建环境

conda env create -f environment.yml
对yml文件修改后更新环境

conda env update -f environment.yml
退出环境

source deactivate
deactivate # windows下
复制环境

conda create -n python36 --clone python36_new
删除环境

conda remove -n python36 --all
更改镜像源

conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config --set show_channel_urls yes
修改后可以在~/.condarc配置文件中可以看到相应信息

pip修改镜像源（修改~/.pip/pip.conf配置文件）

[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

2 安装 django

pip install django
查看是否安装成功： django-admin

3 初始化django项目
django-admin startprojetc 创建项目
django-admin startapp 启动运用
makemigrations 创建迁移文件
migrate 执行迁移

django运用和项目的区别：项目可以直接运行，项目可以包含若干个运用

建立模型
models文件
from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class Article(models Model):
article_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.TextField()
brief_content = models.TextField()
content = models.TextField()
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)

python manage.py makemigrations 生成迁移文件
python manage.py migrate 执行迁移

python manage.py shell shell环境进入

In [1]: from blog.models import Article

In [2]: a = Article()

In [3]: a.title = "biaoti"

In [4]: a.breif_content = "zhaiyao"

In [5]: a.content="详细内容"

In [6]: a.created_at="2019-01-01"

In [7]: print(a)
Article object (None)

In [8]: a.save()

In [9]: articles = Article.objects.all()

In [10]: article = articles[0]

In [11]: article.title
Out[11]: 'biaoti'

In [12]: article.brief_content
Out[12]: ''

In [13]: article.brief_content = 'zhaiyao'

In [14]: article.save()

In [15]: article.brief_content
Out[15]: 'zhaiyao'

django的admin模块

python manage.py createsuperuser 创建超级管理员

配置中文

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'PRC'

注册文章模型到后台 编辑admin.py
from django.contrib import admin

# Register your models here.
from .models import Article

admin.site.register(Article) 然后从其服务 就会发现有文章的了

列表显示对象 改为显示标题
更改models里面的类 增加
def __str__(self):
return self.title

显示多个字段

admin.py
from django.contrib import admin

# Register your models here.
from . import models

class ArticleAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = ["title","brief_content","content","created_at"]
list_display_link = ["id","title"]

admin.site.register(models.Article, ArticleAdmin)

过滤器

from django.contrib import admin

# Register your models here.
from . import models

class ArticleAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = ["title","brief_content","content","created_at"]
list_display_link = ["id","title"]
list_filter = ('created_at',)

admin.site.register(models.Article, ArticleAdmin)