(js描述的)数据结构[双向链表](5)

(js描述的)数据结构[双向链表]（5）

一.单向链表的缺点

1.只能按顺序查找，即从上一个到下一个，不能反过来。

二.双向链表的优点

1.可以双向查找

三.双向链表的缺点

1.结构较单向链表复杂。

2.占用内存比单项链表多。

四.双向链表的结构

五.双向链表的代码实现

function DoublyLinkedList() {
            // 内部节点类
            function Node(data) {
                this.data = data
                this.next = null
                this.prev = null
            }
            //属性
            this.head = null
            this.tail = null
            this.length = 0

            // 1.append方法
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.append = function(data) {
                var node = new Node(data)
                if (this.length == 0) {
                    this.head = node
                    this.tail = node
                } else {
                    node.prev = this.tail
                    this.tail.next = node
                    this.tail = node
                }
                this.length++
            }

            //2.将链表转化成字符串形式
            // 2.1 toString
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.toString = function() {
                return  this.backwardString()
            }
            // 2.2 forwardString
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.forwardString = function() {
                var current = this.tail
                var resultString = ''
                while (current) {
                    resultString += current.data + ' '
                    current = current.prev
                }
                return resultString
            }
            // 2.3 backwardString
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.backwardString = function() {
                var current = this.head
                var resultString = ''
                while (current) {
                    resultString += current.data + ' '
                    current = current.next
                }
                return resultString
            } 

            // 3.insert方法
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.insert = function(position, data) {
                //越界判断
                if (position<0 || position > this.length) return false

                var node = new Node(data)
                if (this.length == 0) {  //列表的长度为0
                    this.head = node
                    this.tail = node
                } else {                //列表的长度不为0
                    if (position == 0) {                //插入第一个位置
                        node.next = this.head
                        this.head.prev = node
                        this.head = node
                    } else if (this.length == position) { //插入最后一个位置
                        node.prev = this.tail
                        this.tail.next = node
                        this.tail = node
                    } else {                               //插入其他位置
                        var current = this.head
                        var index = 0
                        while ( index++ < position) {
                            current = current.next
                        }
                        node.prev = current.prev
                        node.next = current
                        current.prev.next = node
                        current.prev = node
                    }
                }
                this.lengt++
             }
            //4. get方法
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.get = function(position) {
                if (position<0 || position >= this.length) return false
                if (this.length / 2 > position) {
                    var current = this.head
                    var index = 0
                    while(index++ < position) {
                        current = current.next
                    }
                    return current.data
                } else {
                    var current = this.tail
                    var index = 0
                    while (index++ < this.length - position - 1) {
                        current = current.prev
                    }
                    return current.data
                }
            }
            // 5. indexOf 方法
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.indexOf = function(data) {
                var index = 0
                var current = this.head
                while (current) {
                    if (current.data === data) {
                        return index
                    }
                    current = current.next
                    index++
                }
                return -1
            }
            // 6.updata方法
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.updata = function(position,data) {
                if (position< 0 || position >= this.length) return false

                var index = 0
                var current = this.head
                while (index++ < position) {
                    current = current.next
                }
                current.data = data
                return true
            }
            // 7.removeAt方法
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.removeAt = function(position) {
                if (position < 0 || position >= this.length) return null

                var current = this.head
                if (this.length == 1) {
                    this.head =null
                    this.tail =null
                } else {
                    if (position == this.length - 1) {
                        current = this.tail
                        this.tail.prev.next = null
                        this.tail = this.tail.prev
                    } else if(position == 0) {
                        this.head.next.prev = null
                        this.head = this.head.next
                    } else {
                        var index = 0
                        while (index++ < position) {
                            current = current.next
                        }
                        current.prev.next = current.next
                        current.next.prev = current.prev
                    }
                }
                this.length--
                return current
            }
            // 8.remove方法
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.remove = function(data) {
                var index = this.indexOf(data)
                return this.removeAt(index)
            }
            // 9.isEmpty方法
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.isEmpty = function() {
                return this.length == 0
            }
            // 10.size方法
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.size = function() {
                return this.length
            }

            //11.获取链表第一个元素
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.getHead = function() {
                return this.head
            }
            //12.获取链表最后元素
            DoublyLinkedList.prototype.gettail = function() {
                return this.tail
            }
        }