laravel 实现一个简单的 RESTful API

创建一个 Article 资源
php artisan make:resource Article
你可以在 app/Http/Resources 目录下看到你刚刚生成的 Article 资源
当然我们还需要 Article 的数据库迁移、模型和控制器。我们能用这个命令快速的创建这些。
创建相关的model和contrlloer
php artisan make:model Models/Article -mc

修改迁移文件：跟目录databaes/migrations/2018_11_02_062640_create_articles_table
具体字段类型和索引，请参考https://laravelacademy.org/post/6171.html

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('articles'/*表名*/, function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->/*字段类型 主键，默认11*/increments('uid')->comment('用户id');//字段和备注
        $table->/*字段类型 varchar 30*/string('username','60')->/*唯一索引*/unique()->comment('用户名称');
        $table->/*字段类型 varchar 30*/string('email','30')->unique()->comment('用户邮箱');
        $table->ipAddress('ipAddress')->comment('ip地址');
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}
然后我们运行命令创建对应数据表（然后你的数据库中就会生成 migrations//迁移文件表 articles//你创建的表）：

php artisan migrate
//如表结构填错了可执行回滚操作重新创建
php artisan migrate:rollback
回到我们的model层：fillable 里面的字段我们可以进行create和update

<?php
namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Article extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ['username', 'email', 'ipAddress'];
}
laravel 自带的有个填充数据的工具为我们添加测试数据：
填充器说明：https://laravelacademy.org/post/9153.html
就会成功一个databaes/migrations/seeds/ArticlesTableSeeder.php文件

php artisan make:seeder ArticlesTableSeeder
然后编辑databaes/migrations/seeds/ArticlesTableSeeder.php文件：填充50条数据

    use App\Models\Article;

    //修改run方法Article::create里面的字段就是
    //protected $fillable = ['username', 'email', 'ipAddress'];
    public function run()
    {
        // Let's truncate our existing records to start from scratch.
        Article::truncate();
        $faker = \Faker\Factory::create();
        // And now, let's create a few articles in our database:
        for ($i = 0; $i < 50; $i++) {
            Article::create([
                'username' => $faker->name.str_random(5),
                'email' =>  str_random(10).'@baidu.com',
                'ipAddress' => '127.0.0.1',
            ]);
        }
    }
运行填充器命令进行填充表里的数据就有了

php artisan db:seed --class=ArticlesTableSeeder
如果填充多张表的数据填充编辑：databaes/migrations/seeds/DatabaseSeeder.php

public function run()
{
    $this->call(ArticlesTableSeeder::class);//填充articles
    $this->call(InfoTableSeeder::class);//填充info
}
//然后执行，php artisan db:seed
编辑ArticleController.phpEloquent操作可以参考https://learnku.com/articles/6356/laravel-eloquent-usage：

//查询所有
public function index()
{
    return Article::all();
}

//根据uid
public function show($uid)
{
    //Article::where(['uid'=>$uid])->first();
    return Article::where('uid',$uid)->first();
}
添加路由
    Route::get('articles/{uid}', 'ArticleController@show'); 
一个简单接口功能就实现了
http://127.0.0.1:8081/api/articles/1
{"uid":1,"username":"Mr. Jamie Mohruwec7","email":"9gihcYEVzk@baidu.com","ipAddress":"127.0.0.1","created_at":"2018-11-02 07:13:26","updated_at":"2018-11-02 07:13:26"}