ASP.NET MVC实现网站验证码功能

网站添加验证码，主要为防止机器人程序批量注册，或对特定的注册用户用特定程序暴力破解方式，以进行不断的登录、灌水等危害网站的操作。验证码被广泛应用在注册、登录、留言等提交信息到服务器端处理的页面中。

在ASP.NET网站中应用验证码是很容易的，网上有很多的解决方案。最近在做一个OA项目，因系统采用的ASP.NET MVC框架，同样在登录页中需用到验证码，故需将原来在ASP.NET网站中使用的验证码移植到ASP.NET MVC中。

　　  原ASP.NET网站用来生成验证码的类文件ValidateCode.cs：

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
using System.IO;

namespace SeniOA.MVC
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 生成验证码的类
    /// </summary>
    public class ValidateCode
    {
        public ValidateCode()
        {
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 验证码的最大长度
        /// </summary>
        public int MaxLength
        {
            get { return ; }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 验证码的最小长度
        /// </summary>
        public int MinLength
        {
            get { return ; }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 生成验证码
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="length">指定验证码的长度</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string CreateValidateCode(int length)
        {
            int[] randMembers = new int[length];
            int[] validateNums = new int[length];
            string validateNumberStr = "";
            //生成起始序列值
            int seekSeek = unchecked((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks);
            Random seekRand = new Random(seekSeek);
            int beginSeek = (int)seekRand.Next(, Int32.MaxValue - length * );
            int[] seeks = new int[length];
            for (int i = ; i < length; i++)
            {
                beginSeek += ;
                seeks[i] = beginSeek;
            }
            //生成随机数字
            for (int i = ; i < length; i++)
            {
                Random rand = new Random(seeks[i]);
                int pownum =  * (int)Math.Pow(, length);
                randMembers[i] = rand.Next(pownum, Int32.MaxValue);
            }
            //抽取随机数字
            for (int i = ; i < length; i++)
            {
                string numStr = randMembers[i].ToString();
                int numLength = numStr.Length;
                Random rand = new Random();
                int numPosition = rand.Next(, numLength - );
                validateNums[i] = Int32.Parse(numStr.Substring(numPosition, ));
            }
            //生成验证码
            for (int i = ; i < length; i++)
            {
                validateNumberStr += validateNums[i].ToString();
            }
            return validateNumberStr;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 创建验证码的图片
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="containsPage">要输出到的page对象</param>
        /// <param name="validateNum">验证码</param>
        public void CreateValidateGraphic(string validateCode)
        {
            Bitmap image = new Bitmap((int)Math.Ceiling(validateCode.Length * 12.0), );
            Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(image);
            try
            {
                //生成随机生成器
                Random random = new Random();
                //清空图片背景色
                g.Clear(Color.White);
                //画图片的干扰线
                for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
                {
                    int x1 = random.Next(image.Width);
                    int x2 = random.Next(image.Width);
                    int y1 = random.Next(image.Height);
                    int y2 = random.Next(image.Height);
                    g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Silver), x1, y1, x2, y2);
                }
                Font font = new Font("Arial", , (FontStyle.Bold | FontStyle.Italic));
                LinearGradientBrush brush = new LinearGradientBrush(new Rectangle(, , image.Width, image.Height),
                 Color.Blue, Color.DarkRed, 1.2f, true);
                g.DrawString(validateCode, font, brush, , );
                //画图片的前景干扰点
                for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
                {
                    int x = random.Next(image.Width);
                    int y = random.Next(image.Height);
                    image.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(random.Next()));
                }
                //画图片的边框线
                g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Silver), , , image.Width - , image.Height - );
                //保存图片数据
                MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
                image.Save(stream, ImageFormat.Jpeg);
                //输出图片流
                containsPage.Response.Clear();
                containsPage.Response.ContentType = "image/jpeg";
                containsPage.Response.BinaryWrite(stream.ToArray());
            }
            finally
            {
                g.Dispose();
                image.Dispose();
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 得到验证码图片的长度
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="validateNumLength">验证码的长度</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int GetImageWidth(int validateNumLength)
        {
            return (int)(validateNumLength * 12.0);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 得到验证码的高度
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static double GetImageHeight()
        {
            return 22.5;
        }
    }
}

　　为适合ASP.NET MVC框架，修改其输出图片流的方法CreateValidateGraphic为：

/// <summary>
/// 创建验证码的图片
/// </summary>
/// <param name="containsPage">要输出到的page对象</param>
/// <param name="validateNum">验证码</param>
public byte[] CreateValidateGraphic(string validateCode)
{
    Bitmap image = new Bitmap((int)Math.Ceiling(validateCode.Length * 12.0), );
    Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(image);
    try
    {
        //生成随机生成器
        Random random = new Random();
        //清空图片背景色
        g.Clear(Color.White);
        //画图片的干扰线
        for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
        {
            int x1 = random.Next(image.Width);
            int x2 = random.Next(image.Width);
            int y1 = random.Next(image.Height);
            int y2 = random.Next(image.Height);
            g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Silver), x1, y1, x2, y2);
        }
        Font font = new Font("Arial", , (FontStyle.Bold | FontStyle.Italic));
        LinearGradientBrush brush = new LinearGradientBrush(new Rectangle(, , image.Width, image.Height),
         Color.Blue, Color.DarkRed, 1.2f, true);
        g.DrawString(validateCode, font, brush, , );
        //画图片的前景干扰点
        for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
        {
            int x = random.Next(image.Width);
            int y = random.Next(image.Height);
            image.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(random.Next()));
        }
        //画图片的边框线
        g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Silver), , , image.Width - , image.Height - );
        //保存图片数据
        MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
        image.Save(stream, ImageFormat.Jpeg);
        //输出图片流
        return stream.ToArray();
    }
    finally
    {
        g.Dispose();
        image.Dispose();
    }
}

　　在Controller.cs中，添加Action，用来设置将生成的验证码存入Session，并输出验证码图片：

public ActionResult GetValidateCode()
{
    ValidateCode vCode = new ValidateCode();
    string code = vCode.CreateValidateCode();
    Session["ValidateCode"] = code;
    byte[] bytes = vCode.CreateValidateGraphic(code);
    return File(bytes, @"image/jpeg");
}

调用方式为：在需要使用验证码的页面中，加入<img>标签：
<img id="valiCode" style="cursor: pointer;" src="../Account/GetValidateCode" alt="验证码" />

到于Account/Login这个Action中的处理，只需加入对Session中验证码的判断：

[AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)]
public ActionResult Login(string userName, string password, bool rememberMe, string returnUrl,string code)
{
    if (Session["ValidateCode"].ToString() != code)
    {
        ModelState.AddModelError("code", "validate code is error");
        return View();
    }

    //此处验证用户名、密码
    if (!ValidateLogOn(userName, password))
    {
        return View();
    }

    //验证成功
    FormsAuthentication.SetAuthCookie(userName, rememberMe);

    if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(returnUrl))
    {
        return Redirect(returnUrl);
    }
    else
    {
        return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
    }
}

为实现登录页中，点击图片切换验证码，可以登录页中加入此JS代码实现刷新验证码：

<script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.cnblogs.com/Scripts/jquery-1.3.2-vsdoc.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function() {
    $("#valiCode").bind("click", function() {
        this.src = "../Account/GetValidateCode?time=" + (new Date()).getTime();
        });
        //alert("good");
    });
</script>