002. Centos7安装mysql5.5.37

1. 下载cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz, 下载地址: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1qYtpX7m
2. 下载mysql-5.5.37.tar.gz, 下载地址: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1miFcNP2
3. 下载ncurses-5.9.tar.gz, 下载地址: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1kVDIXW7

(百度网盘的连接地址使用wget下载不了)

4. 将上面三个包, 传到服务器上, 并解压

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z mysql-5.5.37]# tar xvf mysql-5.5.37.tar.gz

5. 进入cmake-2.8.12.2目录(如有报错请看文末)

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z cmake-2.8.12.2]# ./configure

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z cmake-2.8.12.2]# make && make install

6. 进入mysql-5.5.37目录

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# cd mysql-5.5.37

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z mysql-5.5.37]# cmake ./         (如有报错请看文末)

7. 解决完上面的报错后, 继续执行(如果没有报错, 此步骤可直接跳过)

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ncurses-5.9]# cd ..

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# cd mysql-5.5.37

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z mysql-5.5.37]#

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z mysql-5.5.37]# rm -f CMakeCache.txt

因为刚才没有编译成功, 所以需要删除刚才编译生成的CmakeCache.txt文件, 否则过不去的, 然后重新cmake ./

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z mysql-5.5.37]# cmake ./

8.开始安装, mysql默认将成功安装到/usr/local/mysql

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z mysql-5.5.37]# make && make install

9. 在它安装的过程中创建一个mysql用户和mysql组

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# groupadd mysql

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

这个目录,如果没有安装成功, 是不可以操作/usr/local/mysql目录的

10. 启动mysql

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql

11. 注册mysql服务, 设置开机自动启动

复制配置文件到etc下:

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

复制mysql启动文件到init.d目录下, 并命名为mysql

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# /sbin/chkconfig --add mysql

添加系统变量:

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# vi /etc/profile  #修改profile文件, 下次重启也能生效

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin # 在配置文件中加入此行配置

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# source /etc/profile

修改 .bashrc 文件使在当前用户 shell 下生效

# vi /root/.bashrc

在里面加入：

export
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

修改这个文件之后同样也需要使用 source使配置文件生效.

启动mysql服务:

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z
~]# service mysql start  (可能会报错了)

Starting
MySQL...The server quit without updating PID file [FAILED]cal/mysql/data/iZ25bdzgev8Z.pid).

//重新启动服务

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z
~]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

Installing MySQL system tables...

尝试连接:

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root
-p

12. 登录mysql

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z
~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

Enter
password:

ERROR
2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket
'/tmp/mysql.sock' (2) #没有mysql.sock文件

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z
/]# killall mysqld

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z
/]# killall mysql                 #杀死所有和mysql相关的进程

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z
~]# ls /tmp/mysql

ls: cannot
access /tmp/mysql: No such file or directory

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z
~]# find / -name mysql.sock            #找一找

/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

修改my.cnf配置文件, 后重启mysql, 然后重新登录即可

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[client]

#password       =
your_password

port            = 3306

#socket        
= /tmp/mysql.sock

socket        
= /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock   #如果这个不行, 还需要将上面一行给解开注释. . .

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z
/]# netstat -tnulp | grep 3306       #过滤下3306, 此时应该没有任何信息

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z
/]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql start

Starting MySQL..              
                            [  OK  ]

#此时再过滤3306应该有数据了

13. 使用mysql登录吧

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z /]# mysql

Welcome to the MariaDB
monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id
is 1

Server version: 5.5.37-log
Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016,
Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for
help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> exit

Bye

错误及其解决方案:

1. 在安装cmake执行到, make时候报出以下错误:

e: *** No targets specified and no makefile
found.  Stop.

解决方案:

这是没有安装编译环境所致, 联网安装gcc

yum install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake

2. 安装mysql 5.5.37时候的错误提示:

Curses library not
found.  Please install
appropriate package,

remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is
libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.

Call Stack (most recent call first):

cmake/readline.cmake:127 (FIND_CURSES)

cmake/readline.cmake:217
(MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)

CMakeLists.txt:355 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)

ncurses是字符终端下屏幕控制的基本库,很多新开发的程序已经不再使用,但要编译一些老的程序,还是会经常碰到,解决这个问题就是安装一下Curses即可

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# tar xvf
ncurses-5.9.tar.gz

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# cd ncurses-5.9

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ncurses-5.9]#
./configure && make && make install

3. 登录错误故障解决:

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# netstat -ano | grep 3306         #

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      off (0.00/0/0)

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# mysql

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.5.37-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> use mysql;

ERROR 1044 (42000): Access denied for user ''@'localhost' to database 'mysql'

#因为mysql数据库的user表里，存在用户名为空的账户即匿名账户，导致登录的时候是虽然用的是root，但实际是匿名登录的

MySQL [(none)]> exit

Bye

解决方案:

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# service mysql stop                    #停止msyql

Shutting down MySQL.                                       [  OK  ]

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-table

161228 09:23:52 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/iZ25bdzgev8Z.err'.

161228 09:23:52 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

#新开一个连接

[root@iZ25bdzgev8Z ~]# mysql -u root mysql

. . .

MariaDB [mysql]> delete from user where USER='';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> show databases;

. . .

MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;

. . .

MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;

Database changed

MariaDB [mysql]> select host , user,password from user;

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| host      | user | password                                  |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| localhost | root | *C722458C25A26EA653682196537D713A5AE439F8 |

| 127.0.0.1 | root | *C722458C25A26EA653682196537D713A5AE439F8 |

| ::1       | root | *C722458C25A26EA653682196537D713A5AE439F8 |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)