mongodb数据的导出和导入

mongo导出表说明：

root@827995de7c7f:/# mongoexport --help
Usage:
  mongoexport <options>

Export data from MongoDB in CSV or JSON format.

See http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongoexport/ for more information.

general options:
      --help                                      print usage
      --version                                   print the tool version and exit

verbosity options:
  -v, --verbose=<level>                           more detailed log output (include multiple times for more verbosity, e.g. -vvvvv, or specify a numeric value, e.g. --verbose=N)
      --quiet                                     hide all log output

connection options:
  -h, --host=<hostname>                           mongodb host to connect to (setname/host1,host2 for replica sets)
      --port=<port>                               server port (can also use --host hostname:port)

ssl options:
      --ssl                                       connect to a mongod or mongos that has ssl enabled
      --sslCAFile=<filename>                      the .pem file containing the root certificate chain from the certificate authority
      --sslPEMKeyFile=<filename>                  the .pem file containing the certificate and key
      --sslPEMKeyPassword=<password>              the password to decrypt the sslPEMKeyFile, if necessary
      --sslCRLFile=<filename>                     the .pem file containing the certificate revocation list
      --sslAllowInvalidCertificates               bypass the validation for server certificates
      --sslAllowInvalidHostnames                  bypass the validation for server name
      --sslFIPSMode                               use FIPS mode of the installed openssl library

authentication options:
  -u, --username=<username>                       username for authentication
  -p, --password=<password>                       password for authentication
      --authenticationDatabase=<database-name>    database that holds the user's credentials
      --authenticationMechanism=<mechanism>       authentication mechanism to use

namespace options:
  -d, --db=<database-name>                        database to use
  -c, --collection=<collection-name>              collection to use

output options:
  -f, --fields=<field>[,<field>]*                 comma separated list of field names (required for exporting CSV) e.g. -f "name,age"
      --fieldFile=<filename>                      file with field names -  per line
      --type=<type>                               the output format, either json or csv (defaults to 'json') (default: json)
  -o, --out=<filename>                            output file; if not specified, stdout is used
      --jsonArray                                 output to a JSON array rather than one object per line
      --pretty                                    output JSON formatted to be human-readable
      --noHeaderLine                              export CSV data without a list of field names at the first line

querying options:
  -q, --query=<json>                              query filter, as a JSON string, e.g., '{x:{$gt:1}}'
      --queryFile=<filename>                      path to a file containing a query filter (JSON)
  -k, --slaveOk                                   allow secondary reads if available (default true) (default: false)
      --readPreference=<string>|<json>            specify either a preference name or a preference json object
      --forceTableScan                            force a table scan (do not use $snapshot)
      --skip=<count>                              number of documents to skip
      --limit=<count>                             limit the number of documents to export
      --sort=<json>                               sort order, as a JSON string, e.g. '{x:1}'
      --assertExists                              if specified, export fails if the collection does not exist (default: false)

几个常见的说明：

-d ：数据库名
-c ：表名
-o ：输出的文件名
--type ： 输出的格式，默认为json
-f ：输出的字段，如果-type为csv，则需要加上-f "字段名"
-q：过滤条件，json字符串

举个栗子：

mongoexport -d dbname -c tablename -o filename.csv --type csv -f "column1,column2” -q '{ filtercolumn :{$gte:1,$lte:100}}' 

 mongo导出库说明：

root@827995de7c7f:/# mongodump --help
Usage:
  mongodump <options>

Export the content of a running server into .bson files.

Specify a database with -d and a collection with -c to only dump that database or collection.

See http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongodump/ for more information.

general options:
      --help                                                print usage
      --version                                             print the tool version and exit

verbosity options:
  -v, --verbose=<level>                                     more detailed log output (include multiple times for more verbosity, e.g. -vvvvv, or specify a numeric value, e.g. --verbose=N)
      --quiet                                               hide all log output

connection options:
  -h, --host=<hostname>                                     mongodb host to connect to (setname/host1,host2 for replica sets)
      --port=<port>                                         server port (can also use --host hostname:port)

ssl options:
      --ssl                                                 connect to a mongod or mongos that has ssl enabled
      --sslCAFile=<filename>                                the .pem file containing the root certificate chain from the certificate authority
      --sslPEMKeyFile=<filename>                            the .pem file containing the certificate and key
      --sslPEMKeyPassword=<password>                        the password to decrypt the sslPEMKeyFile, if necessary
      --sslCRLFile=<filename>                               the .pem file containing the certificate revocation list
      --sslAllowInvalidCertificates                         bypass the validation for server certificates
      --sslAllowInvalidHostnames                            bypass the validation for server name
      --sslFIPSMode                                         use FIPS mode of the installed openssl library

authentication options:
  -u, --username=<username>                                 username for authentication
  -p, --password=<password>                                 password for authentication
      --authenticationDatabase=<database-name>              database that holds the user's credentials
      --authenticationMechanism=<mechanism>                 authentication mechanism to use

namespace options:
  -d, --db=<database-name>                                  database to use
  -c, --collection=<collection-name>                        collection to use

query options:
  -q, --query=                                              query filter, as a JSON string, e.g., '{x:{$gt:1}}'
      --queryFile=                                          path to a file containing a query filter (JSON)
      --readPreference=<string>|<json>                      specify either a preference name or a preference json object
      --forceTableScan                                      force a table scan

output options:
  -o, --out=<directory-path>                                output directory, or '-' for stdout (defaults to 'dump')
      --gzip                                                compress archive our collection output with Gzip
      --repair                                              try to recover documents from damaged data files (not supported by all storage engines)
      --oplog                                               use oplog for taking a point-in-time snapshot
      --archive=<file-path>                                 dump as an archive to the specified path. If flag is specified without a value, archive is written to stdout
      --dumpDbUsersAndRoles                                 dump user and role definitions for the specified database
      --excludeCollection=<collection-name>                 collection to exclude from the dump (may be specified multiple times to exclude additional collections)
      --excludeCollectionsWithPrefix=<collection-prefix>    exclude all collections from the dump that have the given prefix (may be specified multiple times to exclude additional prefixes)
  -j, --numParallelCollections=                             number of collections to dump in parallel ( by default) (default: )
      --viewsAsCollections                                  dump views as normal collections with their produced data, omitting standard collections

举个栗子：

mongodump -h 127.0.0.1 -d databasename -o dir

mongo导入库说明：

root@827995de7c7f:/# mongorestore --help
Usage:
  mongorestore <options> <directory or file to restore>

Restore backups generated with mongodump to a running server.

Specify a database with -d to restore a single database from the target directory,
or use -d and -c to restore a single collection from a single .bson file.

See http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongorestore/ for more information.

general options:
      --help                                                print usage
      --version                                             print the tool version and exit

verbosity options:
  -v, --verbose=<level>                                     more detailed log output (include multiple times for more verbosity, e.g. -vvvvv, or specify a numeric value, e.g. --verbose=N)
      --quiet                                               hide all log output

connection options:
  -h, --host=<hostname>                                     mongodb host to connect to (setname/host1,host2 for replica sets)
      --port=<port>                                         server port (can also use --host hostname:port)

ssl options:
      --ssl                                                 connect to a mongod or mongos that has ssl enabled
      --sslCAFile=<filename>                                the .pem file containing the root certificate chain from the certificate authority
      --sslPEMKeyFile=<filename>                            the .pem file containing the certificate and key
      --sslPEMKeyPassword=<password>                        the password to decrypt the sslPEMKeyFile, if necessary
      --sslCRLFile=<filename>                               the .pem file containing the certificate revocation list
      --sslAllowInvalidCertificates                         bypass the validation for server certificates
      --sslAllowInvalidHostnames                            bypass the validation for server name
      --sslFIPSMode                                         use FIPS mode of the installed openssl library

authentication options:
  -u, --username=<username>                                 username for authentication
  -p, --password=<password>                                 password for authentication
      --authenticationDatabase=<database-name>              database that holds the user's credentials
      --authenticationMechanism=<mechanism>                 authentication mechanism to use

namespace options:
  -d, --db=<database-name>                                  database to use when restoring from a BSON file
  -c, --collection=<collection-name>                        collection to use when restoring from a BSON file
      --excludeCollection=<collection-name>                 DEPRECATED; collection to skip over during restore (may be specified multiple times to exclude additional collections)
      --excludeCollectionsWithPrefix=<collection-prefix>    DEPRECATED; collections to skip over during restore that have the given prefix (may be specified multiple times to exclude additional prefixes)
      --nsExclude=<namespace-pattern>                       exclude matching namespaces
      --nsInclude=<namespace-pattern>                       include matching namespaces
      --nsFrom=<namespace-pattern>                          rename matching namespaces, must have matching nsTo
      --nsTo=<namespace-pattern>                            rename matched namespaces, must have matching nsFrom

input options:
      --objcheck                                            validate all objects before inserting
      --oplogReplay                                         replay oplog for point-in-time restore
      --oplogLimit=<seconds>[:ordinal]                      only include oplog entries before the provided Timestamp
      --oplogFile=<filename>                                oplog file to use for replay of oplog
      --archive=<filename>                                  restore dump from the specified archive file.  If flag is specified without a value, archive is read from stdin
      --restoreDbUsersAndRoles                              restore user and role definitions for the given database
      --dir=<directory-name>                                input directory, use '-' for stdin
      --gzip                                                decompress gzipped input

restore options:
      --drop                                                drop each collection before import
      --dryRun                                              view summary without importing anything. recommended with verbosity
      --writeConcern=<write-concern>                        write concern options e.g. --writeConcern majority, --writeConcern '{w: 3, wtimeout: 500, fsync: true, j: true}' (defaults to 'majority') (default: majority)
      --noIndexRestore                                      don't restore indexes
      --noOptionsRestore                                    don't restore collection options
      --keepIndexVersion                                    don't update index version
      --maintainInsertionOrder                              preserve order of documents during restoration
  -j, --numParallelCollections=                             number of collections to restore in parallel ( by default) (default: )
      --numInsertionWorkersPerCollection=                   number of insert operations to run concurrently per collection ( by default) (default: )
      --stopOnError                                         stop restoring if an error is encountered on insert (off by default)
      --bypassDocumentValidation                            bypass document validation

举个栗子：

mongorestore -h 127.0.0.1 -d databasename dir