linux device driver —— 字符设备

现在对linux设备驱动还没有什么认识,跟着书上敲了一个字符驱动,这里把代码贴一下.

测试环境是 Ubuntu 16.04 64bit

驱动程序:

#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>

#define CDEVDEMO_MAJOR 0
#define BUFFER_SIZE 512

static int cdevdemo_major = CDEVDEMO_MAJOR;
static char msgbuff[BUFFER_SIZE];

void cdevdemo_exit(void);
int  cdevdemo_init(void);

MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
module_param(cdevdemo_major,int,S_IRUGO);
//注册初始化方法
module_init(cdevdemo_init);
//注册退出方法
module_exit(cdevdemo_exit);

struct cdev *my_cdev;

ssize_t cdev_write(struct file *, const char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);
ssize_t cdev_read (struct file *, char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);
int        cdev_open (struct inode *,struct file *);
int        cdev_release (struct inode *,struct file *);

struct file_operations my_fops = {
    .owner = THIS_MODULE,
    .open = cdev_open,
    .release = cdev_release,
    .read = cdev_read,
    .write = cdev_write,
};

void init_cdev(void)
{
    int ret;
    my_cdev = cdev_alloc();
    my_cdev->owner = THIS_MODULE;
    my_cdev->ops = &my_fops;
    //添加字符设备
    ret = cdev_add(my_cdev,MKDEV(cdevdemo_major,),);
    )
    {
        printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== cdev_add fail");
    }
    printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== init_cdev finish");
}

int __init cdevdemo_init(void)
{
    int ret;
    dev_t devno;
    printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== cdevdemo_init 0");
    devno = MKDEV(cdevdemo_major,);
    if(cdevdemo_major)
    {
        printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== cdevdemo_init try register");
        ret = register_chrdev_region(devno,,"cdevdemo");
    }else
    {
        printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== cdevdemo_init auto register");
        ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno,,,"cdevdemo");
        cdevdemo_major = MAJOR(devno);
    }
    )
    {
        printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== cdevdemo_init register fail");
        return ret;
    }
    init_cdev();
    printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== cdevdemo_init finish");
    ;
}

void __exit cdevdemo_exit(void)
{
    printk (KERN_NOTICE "=== cdevdemo_exit");
    //去除字符设备
    cdev_del(my_cdev);
    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(cdevdemo_major,),);
}

ssize_t cdev_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *offp)
{

    int ret;
    printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== cdev_write");
    ret = copy_from_user(msgbuff,buf,count%BUFFER_SIZE);
    )
    {
        printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== cdev_write copy_from_user fail %d",ret);
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    msgbuff[count]   = '-';
    msgbuff[count+] = '-';
    msgbuff[count+] = 'k';
    msgbuff[count+] = 'e';
    msgbuff[count+] = 'r';
    msgbuff[count+] = 'n';
    msgbuff[count+] = 'e';
    msgbuff[count+] = 'l';
    msgbuff[count+] = '\0';
    printk(KERN_NOTICE "--- cdev_write : %s",msgbuff);
    return count%BUFFER_SIZE;
}

ssize_t cdev_read (struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *offp)
{
    int ret;
    printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== cdev_read");
    ret = copy_to_user(buf,msgbuff,count%BUFFER_SIZE);
    )
    {
        printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== cdev_read copy_to_user fail %d",ret);
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    printk(KERN_NOTICE "--- cdev_read :%s",msgbuff);
    return count%BUFFER_SIZE;
}

int    cdev_open (struct inode *inode,struct file *filp)
{
    printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== cdev_open");
    ;
}

int    cdev_release (struct inode *inode,struct file *filp)
{
    printk(KERN_NOTICE "=== cdev_release");
    ;
}

Makefile

ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
mymodule-objs := cdev
obj-m := cdev.o
else
PWD  := $(shell pwd)
KVER ?= $(shell uname -r)
KDIR := /lib/modules/$(KVER)/build
all:
    $(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD)
clean:
    rm -rf *.cmd *.o *.mod.c *.ko .tmp_versions
endif

install.sh

#!/bin/bash

module="cdev"
device="cdev"
name="cdevdemo"

insmod $module.ko

 ]
then
    exit
fi
major=$(awk "{if(\$2==\"$name\"){print \$1}}"  /proc/devices)

 /dev/$device

uninstall.sh

#!/bin/bash
module="cdev"
device="cdev"

file="/dev/$device"

if [ -e $file ]
then
    rm -rf /dev/$device
    echo 'rm device'
fi

echo 'rm module'
/sbin/rmmod $module

测试程序

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
    int fd,ret;
    ] = "hello I'm from user";
    ] = {};
    fd = open("/dev/cdev",O_RDWR);
    )
    {
        puts("open fail");
        ;
    }
    ret = write(fd,buff,strlen(buff));
    printf("write ret :%d\n",ret);
    ret = read(fd,rbuff,);
    printf("read  ret :%d\n%s",ret,rbuff);
    ;
}

运行结果:

write ret :
read  ret :
hello I'm from user--kernel