Redhat/Ubuntu/Windows下安装Docker

什么是Docker

Docker是Docker.inc公司开源的一个基于LXC技术之上构建的Container容器引擎，基于Go语言并遵从Apache2.0协议开源。

开发者可以搭建他们的应用仅仅一次，就能保证让这个应用保持一致的跑在任何地方。运营人员可以将他们的服务器配置一边，就能跑任何应用。

Docker官网：http://www.docker.com/

在Redhat上安装Docker

确保系统上有curl命令

# yum install curl -y

下载并安装Docker

# curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh

+ sh -c 'sleep 3; yum -y -q install docker-engine'

出现下面的输出说明安装成功。

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 2c52609d: NOKEY

Importing GPG key 0x2C52609D:

 Userid: "Docker Release Tool (releasedocker) <docker@docker.com>"

 From  : https://yum.dockerproject.org/gpg

If you would like to use Docker as a non-root user, you should now consider

adding your user to the "docker" group with something like:

  sudo usermod -aG docker your-user

Remember that you will have to log out and back in for this to take effect!

启动Docker

# /etc/init.d/docker start

# /etc/init.d/docker status

docker dead but pid file exists

出现上面所述错误。。。

查看错误日志

# tail -f /var/log/docker

\nTue Apr 26 17:54:02 CST 2016\n

time="2016-04-26T17:54:02.715286173+08:00" level=warning msg="You are running linux kernel version 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64, which might be unstable running docker. Please upgrade your kernel to 3.10.0."

time="2016-04-26T17:54:02.716238287+08:00" level=info msg="Listening for HTTP on unix (/var/run/docker.sock)"

/usr/bin/docker: relocation error: /usr/bin/docker: symbol dm_task_get_info_with_deferred_remove, version Base not defined in file libdevmapper.so.1.02 with link time reference

在错误日志中发现version Base not defined in file libdevmapper.so.1.02 with link time reference，缺少libdevmapper.so.1.02。

安装

# yum install libdevmapper.so.1.02 -y

# /etc/init.d/docker restart

Stopping docker:                                     [FAILED]

Starting docker:	                             [  OK  ]

查看日志，发现还是之前的错误，原因在于自带的软件版本太低，自己下载就好了。如下：

下载链接：

device-mapper-libs-1.02.95-2.el6.x86_64.rpm

device-mapper-1.02.95-2.el6.x86_64.rpm

# rpm -ivh device-mapper-1.02.95-2.el6.x86_64.rpm device-mapper-libs-1.02.95-2.el6.x86_64.rpm --force

# /etc/init.d/docker restart

# /etc/init.d/docker status

docker (pid  5607) is running...

至此，我们的Docker就安装好了，那让我们来验证一下吧

# docker run hello-world

Ubuntu下安装Docker

确保系统中有curl命令

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get install curl -y

下载并安装Docker

$ sudo curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh

启动Docker服务

其实在Ubuntu中安装Docker后会默认启动Docker，你可以使用sudo service docker status查看

$ sudo service docker status

docker start/running, process 7934

如果需要手动启动或者重启Docker可以使用sudo service docker start或sudo service docker restart

验证Docker是否正常工作

$ sudo docker run hello-world

Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally

latest: Pulling from library/hello-world

03f4658f8b78: Pull complete

a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete

Digest: sha256:8be990ef2aeb16dbcb9271ddfe2610fa6658d13f6dfb8bc72074cc1ca36966a7

Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker.

This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:

 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.

 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.

 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the

    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.

 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it

    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:

 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker Hub account:

 https://hub.docker.com

For more examples and ideas, visit:

 https://docs.docker.com/userguide/

出现上面的部分，则安装成功

Windows下安装Docker

要在Windows下运行Docker，要求操作系统一定要是Win7及以上版本的64位操作系统，另外，你必须确保你的电脑支持硬件虚拟化技术并且已经开启该功能。

下载Docker Toolbox

下载链接：

https://www.docker.com/products/docker-toolbox

安装Docker Toolbox

运行DockerToolbox安装包

点击“Next”

点击”Browse…”选择安装位置，然后点击”Next”

选择所要安装的组件，如果你的电脑上已经安装了某些组件可以把对应的勾号去掉，然后点击”Next”(我电脑上原本已经安装有Git，所以将Git前的勾号去掉)

点击”Next”

点击”Install”

等待安装完成….

点击”Finish”完成安装

该安装包安装完成后，系统上会多出三个软件(如果选择安装所有组件的话)：

Oracle VM VirtualBox
Git
Boot2Docker for Windows

桌面上将会多出三个图标:

启动Docker

打开文件资源管理器，切到Docker的安装目录下

运行start.sh

此处可能出现如下错误：

Error creating machine:Error in drive during machine creation: Unable to start the VM:...

...

Looks like something went wrong... Press any key to continue...

或

Error creating machine: Error in driver during machine creation: Maximum number of retries (5) exceeded

Looks like something went wrong... Press any key to continue...

解决方法：

http://superuser.com/questions/996785/docker-toolbox-error-creating-machine-error-in-driver-during-machine-creation

参考链接：

http://xautlmx.github.io/2016-03-13-RedHat-Ubuntu-Windows%E4%B8%8B%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85Docker.html#more