python编辑选课系统

一.需求分析

　　1. 创建北京、上海 2 所学校
　　2. 创建linux , python , go 3个课程 ， linux\py 在北京开， go 在上海开
　　3. 课程包含，周期，价格，通过学校创建课程 
　　4. 通过学校创建班级， 班级关联课程、讲师
　　5. 创建学员时，选择学校，关联班级
　　6. 创建讲师角色时要关联学校， 
　　6. 提供两个角色接口
　　6.1 学员视图， 可以注册， 交学费， 选择班级，
　　6.2 讲师视图， 讲师可管理自己的班级， 上课时选择班级， 查看班级学员列表 ， 修改所管理的学员的成绩 
　　6.3 管理视图，创建讲师， 创建班级，创建课程

　　7. 上面的操作产生的数据都通过pickle序列化保存到文件里

二.程序设计原理图

三.代码实现

　　工程的创建按照较为简便的格式来描述，大致目录结构如图：

选课系统/
|-- bin
|   |-- __init__.py
|
|-- db/
|   |--database/
|　  　|-- 北京电影学院.pickle
|　　　|-- 上海戏剧学院.pickle
|　 |-- __init__.py
|　　
|-- core/
|   |-- __init__.py
|   |-- db_handle.py
|　 |-- db_opt.py
|　 |-- main.py
|   |-- school_class.py
|
|-- conf/
|   |-- __init_py.py
|   |-- setting.py
|
|-- __init__.py
|-- requirements.txt
|-- README

　　setting.py程序代码如下：

 import os
 import sys

 BASE_DIR = os.path.abspath(r'..')

 # print(os.environ)

 DATA_BASE ={
     'engine' :'file_storage',
     'suffix':'pickle',
     'name': 'database',
     'path':'%s\db'%BASE_DIR
 }

 # print(DATA_BASE['path'])

　　db_handle.py程序代码如下：

 '''
     handle all the database interactions
 '''

 def file_handle_db(conn_param):
     '''
     parse the db file path
     :param conn_param: the db connection params set in settings
     :return: file path
     '''
     db_path = '%s'%conn_param['path']
     return db_path

 def mysql_db_handle(conn_parms):
     '''

     :param conn_parms:
     :return:
     '''
     pass

 def db_handle(conn_param):
     '''
     prase all db type
     :param conn_param: db config
     :return:
     '''
     if conn_param['engine'] == 'file_storage':
         return file_handle_db(conn_param)
     elif conn_param['engine'] == 'mysql':
         return mysql_db_handle(conn_param)
     else:
         pass

　　db_opt.py程序代码如下：

 import pickle
 import json
 import os

 from 课后作业.选课系统.conf  import setting
 from 课后作业.选课系统.core  import db_handle

 def file_opt_read(account_file,conn_params):
     '''
     use pickle to load data
     :param account_file: file path
     :param conn_params: data_base config
     :return: file data
     '''
     with open(account_file, 'rb') as f:
         if conn_params['suffix'] == 'pickle':
             account_data = pickle.load(f)
         elif conn_params['suffix'] == 'json':
             account_data = json.load(f)
         else:
             return
     return account_data

 def file_opt_wtite(school_file,account_data,conn_params):
     '''
     use pickle to dump data
     :param school_file: file path
     :param account_data: jump data
     :param conn_params: data_base config
     :return:
     '''
     with open(school_file, 'wb') as f:
         if conn_params['suffix'] == 'pickle':
             acc_data = pickle.dump(account_data, f)
         elif conn_params['suffix'] == 'json':
             acc_data = json.dump(account_data, f)
     return True

 def database_read(name):
     '''
     to read school data from database
     :param name: file name
     :return:
     '''
     db_path = db_handle.db_handle(setting.DATA_BASE)#获取路径
     account_file = "%s\%s\%s.%s" % (db_path,setting.DATA_BASE['name'],name,setting.DATA_BASE['suffix'])
     if os.path.isfile(account_file):
         return file_opt_read(account_file,setting.DATA_BASE)
     else:
         return False

 def database_write(account_data):
     '''
     after updated transaction or account data , dump it back to file db
     :param account_data:
     :return:
     '''
     db_path = db_handle.db_handle(setting.DATA_BASE)
     school_file = "%s/%s/%s.%s" %(db_path,setting.DATA_BASE['name'],account_data.name,setting.DATA_BASE['suffix'])
     return file_opt_wtite(school_file,account_data,setting.DATA_BASE)

　　school_class.py程序代码如下：

 from 课后作业.选课系统.core  import db_opt

 class Course(object):
     '''
     create a course class
     :param name:Course name price: Course price time :Course learning cycle
     :return:
     '''
     def __init__(self,name,price,time):
         self.name = name
         self.price = price
         self.time = time

     def tell(self):
         print('''
         --- Info of Course [%s] ---
         Name = %s
         Price = %s
         Time = %s
         '''%(self.name,self.name,self.price,self.time))

 class Class(object):
     '''
     create a class class 创建一个班级类
     :param name:class name ,course:a course class ,teacher:a teacher class
     :return:
     '''
     def __init__(self,name,course,teacher):
         self.name = name
         self.course = course
         self.teacher = teacher
         self.student = []
     def tell(self):
         print('''
         --- Info of %s ---
         Class ：%s
         Course ：%s
         Teacher ：%s
         '''%(self.name,self.name,self.course,self.teacher))

 class School(object):
     '''
      create a school class 创建一个班级类
      :param name:school name ,addr:school addr ,teachers[]:a list save in memory that info of teachers be hired
      :param students[]:a list save in memory that info of students be enrolled
      :param courses[]:a list save in memory that info of courses be created
      :param classes[]:a list save in memory that info of classes be created
      :return:
      '''
     def __init__(self,name,addr):
         self.name = name
         self.addr = addr
         self.teachers = []
         self.students = []
         self.courses = []
         self.classes = []
     def tell(self):
         print('''
         --- Info of School ：%s ---
         Name ： %s
         Addr ： %s
         '''%(self.name,self.name,self.addr))

     def hire(self,teacher,salary):
         teacher.school = self.name
         teacher.salary =salary
         self.teachers.append(teacher)
         print("%s has hire %s to be a teacher"%(self.name,teacher.name))

     def enroll(self,student,student_class):
         self.students.append(student)
         student_class.student.append(student)
         student.choose_school(self.name)
         student.choose_class(student_class)
         print("%s has enroll %s to be a student"%(self.name,student.name))

     def create_course(self,course_name,price,time):#创建课程类
         self.courses.append(Course(course_name,price,time))
         print("%s has creat course[%s]"%(self.name,course_name))

     def create_class(self,Class_name,course,teacher):
         info = Class(Class_name,course.name,teacher.name)
         self.classes.append(info)
         teacher.Class.append(info)

 class SchoolMember(object):
     '''
     it's a base class include of teacher and student
     :param
     :return
     '''
     def __init__(self,name,age,sex):
         self.name = name
         self.age = age
         self.sex = sex
     def tell(self):#个人信息,子类来完善
         pass

 class Teacher(SchoolMember):
     '''
     it's a subclass class Inheritance by SchoolMember to create a Teacher object
     :param
     :return
     '''
     def __init__(self,name,age,sex,course,salary='null',school='null'):
         super(Teacher,self).__init__(name,age,sex)
         self.salary = salary
         self.course = course
         self.school = school
         self.Class =[]

     def tell(self):
         print('''
         --- Info of %s ---
         Name = %s
         Age = %s
         Sex = %s
         Salary = %s
         Course = %s
         Shool = %s
         '''%(self.name,self.name,self.age,self.sex,self.salary,self.course,self.school))

 class Student(SchoolMember):
     '''
     it's a subclass class Inheritance by SchoolMember to create a Student object
     :param
     :return
     '''
     def __init__(self, name, age, sex,school='null',grade='null',Class='null',tuition = False):
         super(Student, self).__init__(name, age, sex)
         self.__school = school
         self.grade = grade
         self.__Class = Class
         self.__tuition = tuition

     def choose_school(self,name):
         self.__school = name

     def choose_grade(self,grade):
         self.grade = grade
         print("%s grade change success ！！！"%self.name)

     def choose_class(self,Class):
         self.__Class = Class.name
         print("%s choose class success ！！！"%self.name)

     def tuition(self):
         self.__tuition = True
         print("%s tuituin success ！！！"%self.name)

     def tell(self):
         print('''
         --- Info of %s ---
         Name = %s
         Age = %s
         Sex = %s
         School = %s
         Class = %s
         Grade = %s
         tuition = %s
         '''%(self.name,self.name,self.age,self.sex,self.__school,self.__Class,self.__grade,self.__tuition))

　　main.py程序代码如下：

 from 课后作业.选课系统.core  import db_opt
 from 课后作业.选课系统.core  import school_class

 def creat_school():
     '''
     create a school class
     :return:
     '''
     name = input('please input the school name:').strip()
     addr = input('Plsase input the school addr:').strip()

     School = school_class.School(name,addr)
     if(db_opt.database_write(School)):
         print("\033[31;1mSchool [%s] has be created！\033[0m"%School.name)
         return School
     else:
         return False

 def read_school_info(school):
     '''
     load school information from data base
     :param school: school name
     :return: school data
     '''
     return  db_opt.database_read(school)
 def write_school_info(school):
     '''
     dump school information from data base
     :param school: school name
     :return: school data
     '''
     return db_opt.database_write(school)

 '''
 student interface
 '''
 def student_enroll(school):
     '''
     to handle the student enroll
     :param school: a school class
     :return:
     '''
     name = input("please input the student name : ")
     age = input("please input the student age : ")
     sex = input("please input the student sex : ")
     print("---------info of class----------")
     for i,info in enumerate(school.classes):
         print('%s.  %s %s %s  '%(i+1,info.name,info.course,info.teacher))
     student_num = int(input((">>:")).strip()) - 1

     student= school_class.Student(name,age,sex)#creat a student class
     school.enroll(student,school.classes[student_num])#enroll a student
     write_school_info(school)
 def student_pay(school):
     '''
     to handle the student tuition
     :param school: a school class
     :return:
     '''
     name = input("please input student name : ")
     for info in school.students:
         if info.name == name:
             info.tuition()
             write_school_info(school)
 def student_choose_class(school):
     pass
 def studnt_view(school):
     '''
     student interface
     :param school: a school class
     :return:
     '''
     menu = u'''
     ------- Bank ---------
     \033[32;1m
     1.  注册
     2.  缴费
     3.  选择班级
     4.  退出
     \033[0m'''
     menu_dic = {
         '': student_enroll,
         '': student_pay,
         '': student_choose_class,
     }
     exit_flag = False
     while not exit_flag:
         print(menu)
         user_option = input(">>:").strip()
         if user_option in menu_dic:
             menu_dic[user_option](school)
         else:
             print("\033[31;1mOption does not exist!\033[0m")

 '''
 teacher interface
 '''
 def teacher_teach(school):
     '''
     handle the interaction of teacher choose class to teach
     :param school: a school class
     :return:
     '''
     name = input("please input your name : ").strip()
     print("------class info------")
     for info in school.teachers:
         if info.name == name :
             for i,index in enumerate(info.Class):
                 print("%s.  %s "%(i+1,index.name))

     user_option = int(input(">>:").strip())-1
     print("%s has teach course[%s] in class[%s]"%(school.teachers[user_option].name,school.teachers[user_option].course,school.teachers[user_option].Class[user_option].name))
 def teacher_student_view(school):
     '''
     a interface for teacher to view student
     :param school: a school class
     :return:
     '''
     print("-----------info of classes----------")
     for i,info in enumerate(school.classes):
         print("%s.  %s"%(i+1,info.name))
     user_option = int(input(">>:").strip())-1
     for info in school.classes[user_option].student:
         print(info.name)
 def teacher_change_grade(school):
     '''
     a interface for teacher to change student grade
     :param school: a school class
     :return:
     '''
     print("-----------info of classes----------")
     for i,info in enumerate(school.classes):
         print("%s.  %s"%(i+1,info.name))
     user_option = int(input(">>:").strip())-1
     for i,info in enumerate(school.classes[user_option].student):
         print("%s. %s  %s "%(i+1,info.name,info.grade))
     stu_option = int(input(">>:").strip()) - 1
     grade= int(input("pelase input the Student %s new grade : "%(school.classes[user_option].student[stu_option].name)).strip())
     school.classes[user_option].student[stu_option].choose_grade(grade)
     write_school_info(school)
 def teacher_view(school):
     '''
     teacher interface
     :param school: a school class
     :return:
     '''
     menu = u'''
     ------- Bank ---------
     \033[32;1m
     1.  上课
     2.  查看成员
     3.  修改成绩
     4.  退出
     \033[0m'''
     menu_dic = {
         '': teacher_teach,
         '': teacher_student_view,
         '': teacher_change_grade,
     }
     exit_flag = False
     while not exit_flag:
         print(menu)
         user_option = input(">>:").strip()
         if user_option in menu_dic:
             menu_dic[user_option](school)
         else:
             print("\033[31;1mOption does not exist!\033[0m")

 '''
 manage interface
 '''
 def hire_teacher(school):
     '''
     to hire a teacher by school
     :param school: a school class
     :return: true
     '''
     name = input("please input the teacher name : ")
     age = input("please input the teacher age : ")
     sex = input("plesse input the teacher sex : ")
     course = input("please input the teach course : ")
     salary = input("please input the teacher salary : ")
     teacher = school_class.Teacher(name,age,sex,course)
     school.hire(teacher,salary)
     write_school_info(school)
     return True
 def create_class(school):
     '''
     to create a class(班级) by school
     :param school: a school class
     :return: true
     '''
     classname = input("please input the class name : ")
     print("----------info of course-----------")
     for i,info in enumerate(school.courses):
         print("%s.  %s"%(i+1,info.name))
     course_num = int(input((">>:")).strip())-1
     print("----------info of teacher----------")
     for i,info in enumerate(school.teachers):
         print("%s.  teacher name:%s course:%s"%(i+1,info.name,info.course))
     teacher_num = int(input((">>:")).strip())-1

     school.create_class(classname,school.courses[course_num],school.teachers[teacher_num])
     write_school_info(school)
 def create_course(school):
     '''
     to create a course by school
     :param school: a school class
     :return: true
     '''
     name = input("please input the course name : ").strip()
     price = input("please input the course price : ").strip()
     time = input("please input the course time : ").strip()
     school.create_course(name,price,time)
     write_school_info(school)
 def manage_view(school):
     '''
     manage interface
     :param school:
     :return:
     '''
     menu = u'''
     ------- Bank ---------
     \033[32;1m
     1.  创建讲师
     2.  创建班级
     3.  创建课程
     4.  退出
     \033[0m'''
     menu_dic = {
         '': hire_teacher,
         '': create_class,
         '': create_course,
     }
     exit_flag = False
     while not exit_flag:
         print(menu)
         user_option = input(">>:").strip()
         if user_option in menu_dic:
             menu_dic[user_option](school)
         else:
             print("\033[31;1mOption does not exist!\033[0m")

 def main():
     '''
     interact with user
     :return:
     '''

     choose = input("please input your school: \n1.北京电影学院\n2.上海戏剧学院\n>> :")

     if choose == '':
         school = read_school_info("北京电影学院")
     elif choose == '':
         school = read_school_info("上海戏剧学院")

     menu = u'''
     ------- Bank ---------
     \033[32;1m
     1.  学员视图
     2.  讲师视图
     3.  管理视图
     4.  退出
     \033[0m'''
     menu_dic = {
         '': studnt_view,
         '': teacher_view,
         '': manage_view,
     }
     exit_flag = False
     while not exit_flag:
         print(menu)
         user_option = input(">>:").strip()
         if user_option in menu_dic:
             menu_dic[user_option](school)
         else:
             print("\033[31;1mOption does not exist!\033[0m")

 main()