docker离线安装及设置默认存储目录

一、离线安装Docker

在内网环境下，一般不能联网在线部署，这时候就需要以离线的方式安装docker。本文介绍在CentOS 7.6环境中离线安装docker的步骤。

1. 下载docker安装包

官方地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz

2. 解压缩

# tar -zxvf docker-19.03.9.tgz

3. 解压的docker文件夹全部移动至/usr/bin目录

# cp -p docker/*  /usr/bin

4. 将docker注册为系统服务

（1）在/usr/lib/systemd/system/目录下，创建docker.service文件

（2）编辑docker.service文件

# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=http://docs.docker.com
After=network.target docker.socket

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=-/run/flannel/docker
WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/bin
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd \
                -H tcp://0.0.0.0:4243 \
                -H unix:///var/run/docker.sock \
                --selinux-enabled=false \
                --log-opt max-size=1g
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID

# Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity

# Uncomment TasksMax if your systemd version supports it.
# Only systemd 226 and above support this version.
#TasksMax=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0

# set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers
Delegate=yes

# kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

5. 重启生效

重新加载配置文件

# systemctl daemon-reload

重启docker服务

# systemctl start docker

查看docker状态

# systemctl status docker

设置开机启动

# systemctl enable docker

查看docker版本

# docker version

二、修改Docker默认的数据目录

Docker的数据目录默认在/var/lib/docker下，现在需要将这个数据目录调整为/data/docker/lib/docker。

1、查看docker的磁盘使用情况

# docker system df

2、停掉docker服务

# systemctl stop docker

3、创建新的数据目录

# mkdir /data/docker/lib

4、将旧数据拷贝至新的数据目录

# cp -rp /var/lib/docker /data/docker/lib/

5、调整docker的数据目录

# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

{
  "registry-mirrors": [
     "https://bxsfpjcb.mirror.aliyuncs.com"
  ],
  "max-concurrent-downloads": 10,
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-level": "warn",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "10m",
    "max-file": "3"
    },
  "insecure-registries":
        ["127.0.0.1"],
  "data-root":"/data/docker/lib/docker" #新路径
}

6、重启docker

# systemctl disable docker
# systemctl enable docker
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl restart docker

7、查看docker的数据目录是否调整成功

# docker info