在linux上安装MySQL数据库，并简单设置用户密码，登录MySQL

在新装的Centos系统上安装MySQL数据库。

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第一步，检查是否已安装MySQL，如果已安装就卸载掉。

[root@ltt5 ~]# rpm -e mysql
error: package mysql is not installed

一步搞定，不需要事先执行检查命令了，直接执行卸载命令，有就删，没有也就不用管了。

第二步，执行安装

[root@ltt5 ~]# yum -y install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel
...
...
...
Complete!

出现complete表示安装成功。

查看版本

[hadoop@ltt5 ~]$ mysql -V
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1., for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.1

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第三步，开启服务

[root@ltt5 ~]# service mysqld start

第四步，设置开机启动

[root@ltt5 ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@ltt5 ~]# chkconfig --list  mysqld
mysqld             :off    :off    :on    :on    :on    :on    :off

第五步，修改数据库编码格式为 utf-8

[root@ltt5 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

在箭头位置添加如下内容

default-character-set=utf8
[client]
default-character-set=utf8

效果如下

重启服务

service mysqld restart

第六步，登录MySQL数据库

[root@ltt5 ~]# mysql -uroot

敲enter登录

第七步，设置远程登录

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option;
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

查看用户权限

mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host      | user | password                                  |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root |                                           |
| yq        | root |                                           |
| 127.0.0.1 | root |                                           |
| localhost |      |                                           |
| yq        |      |                                           |
| %         | root | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查看数据库编码格式

mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)

第八步，查看帮助

mysql> help;

For information about MySQL products and services, visit:
   http://www.mysql.com/
For developer information, including the MySQL Reference Manual, visit:
   http://dev.mysql.com/
To buy MySQL Enterprise support, training, or other products, visit:
   https://shop.mysql.com/

List of all MySQL commands:
Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';'
?         (\?) Synonym for `help'.
clear     (\c) Clear the current input statement.
connect   (\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host.
delimiter (\d) Set statement delimiter.
edit      (\e) Edit command with $EDITOR.
ego       (\G) Send command to mysql server, display result vertically.
exit      (\q) Exit mysql. Same as quit.
go        (\g) Send command to mysql server.
help      (\h) Display this help.
nopager   (\n) Disable pager, print to stdout.
notee     (\t) Don't write into outfile.
pager     (\P) Set PAGER [to_pager]. Print the query results via PAGER.
print     (\p) Print current command.
prompt    (\R) Change your mysql prompt.
quit      (\q) Quit mysql.
rehash    (\#) Rebuild completion hash.
source    (\.) Execute an SQL script file. Takes a file name as an argument.
status    (\s) Get status information from the server.
system    (\!) Execute a system shell command.
tee       (\T) Set outfile [to_outfile]. Append everything into given outfile.
use       (\u) Use another database. Takes database name as argument.
charset   (\C) Switch to another charset. Might be needed for processing binlog with multi-byte charsets.
warnings  (\W) Show warnings after every statement.
nowarning (\w) Don't show warnings after every statement.

For server side help, type 'help contents'

第九步，查看系统原装的数据库

mysql> show databases
    -> ;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)

第十步，创建数据库

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mysql> create database hive
    -> ;
Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hive               |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)

第十一步，退出

mysql> quit
Bye

至此，MySQL数据的安装和简单设置就介绍完毕。

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