djano jwt 的使用

1.5 JWT：使用djangorestframework-jwt模块进行用户身份验证

　　   安装： pip install djangorestframework-jwt

　　   添加应用：python manage.py startapp users

　　   官方网站：https://jpadilla.github.io/django-rest-framework-jwt/

########### 1、在INSTALLED_APPS中加入'rest_framework.authtoken', #################
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    '''
    'rest_framework.authtoken',  #
    '''
]

################### 2、配置jwt验证 ######################
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    # 身份认证
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication',
        'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',
        'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication',
    ),
}

import datetime

JWT_AUTH = {
    'JWT_AUTH_HEADER_PREFIX': 'JWT',
    'JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(days=1),
    'JWT_RESPONSE_PAYLOAD_HANDLER':
        'users.views.jwt_response_payload_handler',  # 重新login登录返回函数
}
AUTH_USER_MODEL='users.User'  # 指定使用users APP中的 model User进行验证
settings.py 配置使用JWT

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,re_path,include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    re_path(r'users/',include(('users.urls','users'),namespace='users'))
]

urls.py

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.urls import path,re_path,include
from users import views
from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token  # 验证密码后返回token

urlpatterns = [
    path('v1/register/', views.RegisterView.as_view(), name='register'),  # 注册用户
    path('v1/login/', obtain_jwt_token,name='login'),  # 用户登录后返回token
    path('v1/list/', views.UserList.as_view(), name='register'),  # 测试需要携带token才能访问
]

users/urls.py

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser

class User(AbstractUser):
    username = models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    token = models.CharField(max_length=255)

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework_jwt.settings import api_settings
from rest_framework import serializers
from users.models import User

class UserSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    username = serializers.CharField()
    password = serializers.CharField()
    phone = serializers.CharField()
    token = serializers.CharField(read_only=True)

    def create(self, data):
        user = User.objects.create(**data)
        user.set_password(data.get('password'))
        user.save()
        # 补充生成记录登录状态的token
        jwt_payload_handler = api_settings.JWT_PAYLOAD_HANDLER
        jwt_encode_handler = api_settings.JWT_ENCODE_HANDLER
        payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
        token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
        user.token = token
        return user

users/serializers.py 使用Serializer的create方法创建token

from django.shortcuts import render
import json
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.views import Response
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication
from users.serializers import UserSerializer

# 用户注册
class RegisterView(APIView):
    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        serializer = UserSerializer(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data, status=201)
        return Response(serializer.errors, status=400)

# 重新用户登录返回函数
def jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user=None, request=None):
    '''
    :param token: jwt生成的token值
    :param user: User对象
    :param request: 请求
    '''
    return {
        'token': token,
        'user': user.username,
        'userid': user.id
    }

# 测试必须携带token才能访问接口
class UserList(APIView):
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated]  # 接口中加权限
    authentication_classes = [JSONWebTokenAuthentication]

    def get(self,request, *args, **kwargs):
        print(request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION', None))
        return Response({'name':'zhangsan'})
    def post(self,request, *args, **kwargs):
        return Response({'name':'zhangsan'})

users/views.py

users/models.py 添加用户认证的User表

#1、指定允许的hosts，否则通过 http://jack.com:8888/index/ 无法访问jack_django程序
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

#2、将corsheaders 注册到app中
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'corsheaders',
    'app01',
]

#3、将下面两条添加到中间件重
MIDDLEWARE = [
    'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
]

#4、配置 django-cors-headers 中的参数
CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS = True
CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = True
# CORS_ORIGIN_WHITELIST = (
#     '*',
# )

CORS_ALLOW_METHODS = (
    'DELETE',
    'GET',
    'OPTIONS',
    'PATCH',
    'POST',
    'PUT',
    'VIEW',
)

CORS_ALLOW_HEADERS = (
    'XMLHttpRequest',
    'X_FILENAME',
    'accept-encoding',
    'authorization',
    'content-type',
    'dnt',
    'origin',
    'user-agent',
    'x-csrftoken',
    'x-requested-with',
    'Pragma',
)

settings.py 前后端分离配置cors

# 通过用户token获取用户信息
from rest_framework_jwt.utils import jwt_decode_handler
toke_user = jwt_decode_handler(token)
# {'user_id': 2, 'username': 'lisi', 'exp': 1561504444, 'email': ''}