进程池与线程池（concurrent.futures）

 from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor
 import os,time,random
 def task(n):
     print('%s is running'%os.getpid())
     time.sleep(random.randint(1,2))
     return n**2
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     p = ProcessPoolExecutor()     #默认开启四个进程池
     l = []
     start = time.time()
     for i in range(10):
         obj = p.submit(task,i)
         l.append(obj)
     p.shutdown()
     print('='*30)
     print([obj for obj in l])
     print(time.time() - start)

进程池

 from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
 import threading
 import os,time,random
 def task(n):
     print('%s:%s is running'%(threading.currentThread().getName(),os.getpid()))
     time.sleep(random.randint(1,2))
     return n**2
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     t = ThreadPoolExecutor()
     l = []
     start = time.time()
     for i in range(10):
         obj = t.submit(task,i)
         l.append(obj)
     t.shutdown()
     print('='*30)
     print([obj.result() for obj in l])   #可以获取结果
     print(time.time() - start)

线程池

 from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor
 import os,time,random
 def task(n):
     print('%s is running'%os.getpid())
     time.sleep(1)
     return n**2
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     p = ProcessPoolExecutor()
     start = time.time()
     for i in range(10):
         res = p.submit(task,i).result()    #同步执行，速度较慢，一个等一个
         print(res)
     print('='*30)
     print(time.time() - start)

补充