Mysql(Mariadb)数据库主从
一、准备工作:
yum install mariadb-server.x86_64 mariadb.x86_64 -y
systemctl start mariadb.service && systemctl enable mariadb.service
mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
... skipping.
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] n
... skipping.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
二、主数据库master修改:
find / -name my.cnf
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin #开启二进制日志
server-id=1 #设置server-id
log-bin="/var/lib/mysql/" #设定生成的log文件名;
systemctl restart mariadb.service
mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -ppassword
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'wxp'@'192.168.1.200' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';#创建用户
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'wxp'@'192.168.1.100';#分配权限
MariaDB [(none)]>flush privileges; #刷新权限
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 492 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
三、从服务器slave修改:
find / -name my.cnf
[mysqld]server-id=2 #设置server-id,必须唯一
log-bin="/var/lib/mysql/" #设定生成的log文件名;
systemctl restart mariadb.service
mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -ppassword
MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='192.168.3.91',
-> MASTER_USER='wxp',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='password',
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=492;
mysql> select * from mysql.slave_master_info \G
MariaDB [(none)]>start slave;
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G;
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.3.91
Master_User: wxp
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 492
Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 529
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 492
Relay_Log_Space: 825
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR: No query specified
Until_Log_File:
MariaDB [(none)]> use test;
Database changed
MariaDB [test]> create table t1(Name varchar(18));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
MariaDB [test]> insert into t1(Name) values('wxp');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [test]> select * from t1;
+------+
| Name |
+------+
| wxp |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
[root@backup-3-218 ~]# mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -ppassword
MariaDB [(none)]> use test;
MariaDB [test]> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| t1 |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [test]> select * from t1;
+------+
| Name |
+------+
| wxp |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
# 不同步哪些数据库
# vim /etc/my.cnf
binlog-ignore-db = mysql
binlog-ignore-db = test
binlog-ignore-db = information_schema
# systemctl restart mariadb.service
# 只同步哪些数据库,除此之外,其他不同步 binlog-do-db = wxp
# 日志保留时间
expire_logs_days = 10
# 控制binlog的写入频率。每执行多少次事务写入一次
# 这个参数性能消耗很大,但可减小MySQL崩溃造成的损失
sync_binlog = 5
# 日志格式,建议mixed
# statement 保存SQL语句
# row 保存影响记录数据
# mixed 前面两种的结合
binlog_format = mixed
# 停止主从同步
mysql> stop slave;
# 连接断开时,重新连接超时时间
mysql> change master to master_connect_retry=50;
# 开启主从同步
mysql> start slave;
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