python版本升级

　　python 2.7.11，下载链接  https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.11/Python-2.7.11.tgz，如下载速度太慢可在豆瓣pypi搜索下载https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/

python升级到2.7.11可解决 内置的 socket库的setdefaulttimeout方法和multiprocessing库的manage队列冲突的问题，在2.7.3版本是需要改源码才能解决。问题如下

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/process.py", line , in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/process.py", line , in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "agentInstaller.py", line , in getInstallInfo
    lock.acquire()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/managers.py", line , in acquire
    return self._callmethod('acquire', (blocking,))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/managers.py", line , in _callmethod
    self._connect()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/managers.py", line , in _connect
    conn = self._Client(self._token.address, authkey=self._authkey)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/connection.py", line , in Client
    answer_challenge(c, authkey)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/connection.py", line , in answer_challenge
    message = connection.recv_bytes()         # reject large message
IOError: [Errno ] Resource temporarily unavailable

解决问题可以修改源代码文件 /usr/local/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/connection.py

     def Pipe(duplex=True):
         '''
         Returns pair of connection objects at either end of a pipe
         '''
         if duplex:
             s1, s2 = socket.socketpair()
++           s1.setblocking(True)
++           s2.setblocking(True)
             c1 = _multiprocessing.Connection(os.dup(s1.fileno()))
             c2 = _multiprocessing.Connection(os.dup(s2.fileno()))
             s1.close()
             s2.close()
         else:
             fd1, fd2 = os.pipe()
             c1 = _multiprocessing.Connection(fd1, writable=False)
             c2 = _multiprocessing.Connection(fd2, readable=False)

         return c1, c2

     def __init__(self, address, family, backlog=):
         self._socket = socket.socket(getattr(socket, family))
         self._socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, )
++       self._socket.setblocking(True)
         self._socket.bind(address)
         self._socket.listen(backlog)
         self._address = self._socket.getsockname()
         self._family = family
         self._last_accepted = None

     def accept(self):
         s, self._last_accepted = self._socket.accept()
++       s.setblocking(True)
         fd = duplicate(s.fileno())
         conn = _multiprocessing.Connection(fd)
         s.close()
         return conn

 def SocketClient(address):
     '''
     Return a connection object connected to the socket given by `address`
     '''
     family = address_type(address)
     s = socket.socket( getattr(socket, family) )
++   s.setblocking(True)
     t = _init_timeout()

修改 /usr/local/lib/python2.7/test/test_multiprocessing.py

 assert sio.getvalue() == 'foo'

++ # Test interaction with socket timeouts - see Issue #
++  #
++
++  class TestTimeouts(unittest.TestCase):
++      @classmethod
++      def _test_timeout(cls, child, address):
++          time.sleep()
++          child.send()
++          child.close()
++          conn = multiprocessing.connection.Client(address)
++          conn.send()
++          conn.close()
++
++      def test_timeout(self):
++          old_timeout = socket.getdefaulttimeout()
++          try:
++              socket.setdefaulttimeout(0.1)
++              parent, child = multiprocessing.Pipe(duplex=True)
++              l = multiprocessing.connection.Listener(family='AF_INET')
++              p = multiprocessing.Process(target=self._test_timeout,
++                                          args=(child, l.address))
++              p.start()
++              child.close()
++              self.assertEqual(parent.recv(), )
++              parent.close()
++              conn = l.accept()
++              self.assertEqual(conn.recv(), )
++              conn.close()
++              l.close()
++              p.join()
++          finally:
++              socket.setdefaulttimeout(old_timeout)
++
++
++  testcases_other = [OtherTest, TestInvalidHandle, TestInitializers,
-- #-                   TestStdinBadfiledescriptor]
++                    TestStdinBadfiledescriptor, TestTimeouts]

升级2.7.11的其他好处就去看官网描述吧。安装过程如下：

curl -k https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.11/Python-2.7.11.tgz -o python-2.7.11.tgz

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf

yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel

yum -y install mysql-devel

tar xf Python-2.7..tgz
cd Python-2.7./
./configure
make -j4 && make install

升级完重新打开secureCRT窗口

[root@master ~]# python
Python 2.7. (default, Nov   , ::)
[GCC 4.4.  (Red Hat 4.4.-)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> 

安装 pip，下载 get-pip.py

mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.6.6
ln -s /usr/local/bin/python /usr/bin/python
vim /usr/bin/yum 修改成 /usr/bin/python2.6.6
python get-pip.py
whereis pip
ln -s /usr/local/bin/pip2. /usr/bin/pip

安装readline

yum -y install readline-devel
yum -y install patch
yum -y  install gcc python-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel libffi-devel

pip install readline

若是使用 easy_install，则需要下载安装 setuptools 安装，下载链接 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools#downloads，安装过程缺少相关软件则同样下载安装包后上传至服务器安装，如果提示

MARKER_EXPR = originalTextFor(MARKER_EXPR())("marker")
TypeError: __call__() takes exactly  arguments ( given)

则需要注释掉该行代码，并补充如下代码

# MARKER_EXPR = originalTextFor(MARKER_EXPR())("marker")
MARKER_EXPR = originalTextFor(MARKER_EXPR)("marker")

接着可能会遇到 “缺少 zlib 模块” 的情况，因为我们已经安装过 zlib-devel 模块和 zlib.x86_64 ，则只需要重新在 python 安装包中 make && make install 即可。

安装MySQLdb

pip install MySQL-python

或者源码安装

tar zxf MySQL-python-1.2..tar.gz
cd MySQL-python-1.2.
python setup.py build
python setup.py install

如果出现下面问题

>>> import MySQLdb
/usr/local/lib/python2./site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.-py2.-linux-x86_64.egg/_mysql.py:: UserWarning: Module _mysql was already imported from /usr/local/lib/python2./site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.-py2.-linux-x86_64.egg/_mysql.pyc, but /home/opd/tmpFiles/singleExec/MySQL-python-1.2. is being added to sys.path
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line , in <module>
  File "MySQLdb/__init__.py", line , in <module>
    import _mysql
  File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/_mysql.py", line , in <module>
  File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/_mysql.py", line , in __bootstrap__
ImportError: libmysqlclient.so.: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
>>>

解决方法如下

# 根据最后提示，应该是找不着一个交libmysqlclient.so.18的文件，于是到mysql安装目录里找到这个文件并且做一个软连接到/usr/lib
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so. /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.
# 如果是64系统则：
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so. /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.

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