A trait provides code reusability in Scala by encapsulating method and state and then offing possibility of mixing them into classes thus allowing code reuse. #define Trait Gliding scala> trait Gliding{ | def gliding(){ println("gliding")} |…

1. Translating Java Classes to Scala Classes Example 1: # a class declaration in Java public class Book{} # Scala equivalent of a class declaration class Book Example 2: # a Java class with a Construtor public class Book{ private final int isbn; priv…

1. The three principles of OOP are encapsulation(封装性), inheritance(继承性) and polymorphism(多态性). example: class Shape{ def area: Double = 0.0 } # supertype # subtypes class Rectangle(val width: Double, val height: Double) extends Shape{ override def ar…

1. Variables (1) Three ways to define variables: 1) val refers to define an immutable variable; scala> val x = x: Int = scala> x*x res4: Int = scala> res4 + # use result as a value res6: Int = scala> res4 + res6 res7: Int = scala> x = # x i…

1. Functional programming treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical and avoids state and mutable data. Scala encourages an expression-oriented programming(EOP) 1) In expression-oriented programming every statement is an expression. A state…

1. Unified Type System Scala has a unified type system, enclosed by the type Any at the top of the hierarchy and the type Nothing at the bottom of the hierarchy. All Scala types inherit from Any. # Using Any, Book extends AnyRef, and x is an Int that…

Scala's object-oriented collections support mutable and immutable type hierarchies. Also support functional higher-order operations such as map, filter, and reduce that let you use expression-oriented programming in collections. Higher-order operatio…

The basic functional cornerstones of Scala: immutable data types, passing of functions as parameters and pattern matching. 1. Basic Pattern Matching In Scala, your cases can include types, wildcards, sequences, regular expressions, and so forth. scal…

1. Scala is a contraction of "scalable" and "language". It's a fusion of objected-oritended and functional programming. 2. Compare Book class between Java and Scala Java: class Book{ private String title; private int numberOfPages; pub…

http://outofmemory.cn/scala/scala-trait-introduce-and-example 与Java相似之处 Scala类型系统的基础部分是与Java非常相像的.Scala与Java一样有单一的根类,Java通过接口来实现多重继承,而Scala则通过特征(trait)来实现(Scala的特征可以包含实现代码,这当然是与Java接口不同的.不过由于特征自己具有类型的功能,所以对于没有包含实现代码的特征,可以认为与Java的接口是等价的)用Trait来实现混入(mi…