墙外通道:http://fivelinesofcode.blogspot.com/2014/03/how-to-translate-virtual-to-physical.html I currently work on a project where I need to make translations for virtual addresses of user-level application to physical addresses in Linux. I implemented m…

BACKGROUND Malicious code, known as malware, which includes viruses, worms, adware, etc., may attack core components of the operating system to compromise key applications, including critical applications that operate in the operating system kernel,…

转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/armlinux/archive/2011/11/06/2396787.html 1.       内核启动地址1.1.   名词解释ZTEXTADDR 解压代码运行的开始地址.没有物理地址和虚拟地址之分,因为此时MMU处于关闭状态.这个地址不一定时RAM的地址,可以是支持读写寻址的flash等存储中介. Start address of decompressor. here's no point in talking about virtua…

内核文档: Documentation/vm/pagemap.txt pagemap is a new (as of 2.6.25) set of interfaces in the kernel that allowuserspace programs to examine the page tables and related information byreading files in /proc. There are four components to pagemap: * /proc…

作者:JHJ(jianghuijun211@gmail.com)日期:2012/08/24 欢迎转载,请注明出处 引子 现在android智能手机市场异常火热,硬件升级非常迅猛,arm cortex A9 + 1GB DDR似乎已经跟不上主流配置了.虽说硬件是王道,可我们还是不禁还怀疑这么强大的硬件配置得到充分利用了吗?因此以后我都会正对ARM平台分析kernel的内容.  正文 在linux内存管理中,有两个资源非常重要,一个是虚拟地址,一个是物理地址.听起来似乎是废话,实际上内存管理主要就是…

http://blog.csdn.net/sunnytina/article/details/51895406 Android使用Direct Textures提高glReadPixels.glTexImage2D性能 http://www.jianshu.com/p/1fa36461fc6f Android中的EGL扩展 http://ju.outofmemory.cn/entry/146313 Using the EGL* Image Extension The conventional w…

pagemap, from the userspace perspective --------------------------------------- pagemap is a new (as of 2.6.25) set of interfaces in the kernel that allow userspace programs to examine the page tables and related information by reading files in /proc…

Table of Contents 1. /proc/PID/cwd 2. /proc/PID/clear_refs 3. /proc/PID/coredump_filter 4. /proc/PID/environ 5. /proc/PID/exe 6. /proc/PID/fd 7. /proc/PID/io8. /proc/PID/limits 7.1. rchar. I/O counter: chars read 7.2. wchar. I/O counter: chars writte…

转自:http://blog.csdn.net/kongkongkkk/article/details/74366200 如果让你编写一个程序,来获取虚拟地址对应的物理地址..你会试着操作MMU吗..→_→* Linux文件目录中的/proc记录着当前进程的信息,称其为虚拟文件系统.在/proc下有一个链接目录名为self,这意味着哪一个进程打开了它,self中存储的信息就是所链接进程的.self中有一个名为pagemap的文件,专门用来记录所链接进程的物理页号信息.这样通过/proc/pid/…

前面简单介绍了row hammer攻击的原理和方法,为了更好理解这种底层硬件类攻击,今天介绍一下cpu的cache mapping: 众所周知,cpu从内存读数据,最开始用的是虚拟地址,需要通过分页机制,将虚拟地址转换成物理地址,然后从物理地址(默认是DRAM,俗称内存条)读数据:但内存条速度和cpu相差近百倍,由此诞生了L1\L2\L3 cache:cpu取数据时,会先从各个层级的cache去找,没有的再从内存取:那么问题来了,L3 cache里面有set.slice.line等模块将整个ca…

虚拟内存 先简单介绍一下操作系统中为什么会有虚拟地址和物理地址的区别.因为Linux中有进程的概念,那么每个进程都有自己的独立的地址空间. 现在的操作系统都是64bit的,也就是说如果在用户态的进程中创建一个64位的指针,那么在这个进程中,这个指针能够指向的范围是0~0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF(总共有16个F,每个F是4个bit). 每个进程"理论上"都有这样的地址范围(-,-这里的"理论"是指猜测一下,指针乱指向未定义的范围会引发段错误,下文中会写明64…

A processor including a virtualization system of the processor with a memory virtualization support system to map a reference to guest-physical memory made by guest software executable on a virtual machine which in turn is executable on a host machin…

A processor including a virtualization system of the processor with a memory virtualization support system to map a reference to guest-physical memory made by guest software executable on a virtual machine which in turn is executable on a host machin…

Computer Systems A Programmer's Perspective Second Edition The main memory of a computer system is organized as an array of M contiguousbyte-sized cells. Each byte has a unique physical address (PA). The first byte hasan address of 0, the next byte an…

http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ntdebugging/archive/2010/02/05/understanding-pte-part-1-let-s-get-physical.aspx Hello. It’s Ryan Mangipano again (Ryanman). Today’s blog will be the first in a multi-part post designed to help you understand the output of the…

Understanding Virtual Memory by Norm Murray and Neil Horman Introduction Definitions The Life of a Page Tuning the VM Example Scenarios Further Reading About the Author Introduction One of the most important aspects of an operating system is the Virt…

The present invention provides a processor including a core unit for processing requests from at least one process. The at least one process has a code portion with at least one segment having a first code context identifier. The at least one process…

A method for allowing a protected mode kernel to service, in virtual 8086 mode, hardware interrupts which occur during execution of ring 0 protected mode code. When an interrupt occurs during execution of ring 0 code, the microprocessor copies the st…

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A conventional virtual-machine monitor (VM monitor) typically runs on a computer and presents to other software the abstraction of one or more virtual machines. Each virtual machine may function as a self-contained platfor…

BACKGROUND A conventional virtual-machine monitor (VMM) typically runs on a computer and presents to other software the abstraction of one or more virtual machines. Each virtual machine may function as a self-contained platform, running its own "gues…

Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to systems, methods, and apparatuses for linear to physical address translation with support for page attributes. In some embodiments, a system receives an instruction to translate a memory pointer…

Methods and systems are provided to control the execution of a virtual machine (VM). A VM Monitor (VMM) accesses VM Control Structures (VMCS) indirectly through access instructions passed to a processor. In one embodiment, the access instructions inc…

目录 . 简介 . 进程虚拟地址空间 . 内存映射的原理 . 数据结构 . 对区域的操作 . 地址空间 . 内存映射 . 反向映射 .堆的管理 . 缺页异常的处理 . 用户空间缺页异常的校正 . 内核缺页异常 . 在内核和用户空间之间复制数据 1. 简介 用户层进程的虚拟地址空间是Linux的一个重要抽象,它向每个运行进程提供了同样的系统视图,这使得多个进程可以同时运行,而不会干扰到其他进程内存中的内容,此外,它容许使用各种高级的程序设计技术,如内存映射,学习虚拟内存,同样需要考察可用物理内存中…

An embodiment provides a virtual address cache memory including: a TLB virtual page memory configured to, when a rewrite to a TLB occurs, rewrite entry data; a data memory configured to hold cache data using a virtual page tag or a page offset as a c…

BACKGROUND INFORMATION An embodiment of the present invention relates generally to virtualization platforms and, more specifically, to a system and method to run components of a virtual machine monitor at a reduced privilege level. Various mechanisms…

http://thinkiii.blogspot.jp/2014/02/arm32-linux-kernel-virtual-address-space.html   The 32-bit ARM CPU can address up to 2^32 = 4GB address*. It's not big enough in present days, since the size of available DRAM on computing devices is growing fast a…

Logical vs physical address  1) An address generated by the CPU is a logical address. Whereas, an address seen by the memory unit, that is, the one loaded into the memory-address register of the memory, is a physical address. 2) The user program neve…

BACKGROUND Virtualization technology enables a single host computer running a virtual machine monitor ("VMM") to present multiple abstractions and/or views of the host, such that the underlying hardware of the host appears as one or more indepen…

虚拟内存地址空间 Linux内核属于微内核的范畴,内核控制计算机的硬件资源,运行在特权模式:用户态应用程序运行在普通用户模式,无法直接访问硬件资源,必须依托于内核提供的资源,如CPU资源.Memory资源.I/O资源等. Linux采用沙箱机制,每一个进程运行在独立的虚拟地址空间,最大限度避免单个进程异常导致整个系统崩溃. 每一个进程的虚拟地址空间分为内核虚拟地址空间和用户虚拟地址空间两部分,内核虚拟地址空间为内核态代码和内核堆栈,所有进程的内核虚拟地址空间是复用的:用户虚拟地址空间则是各进程的…

Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod how to configure process namespace sharing for a pod. When process namespace sharing is enabled, processes in a container are visible to all other containers in that pod. You can use this feature to…