记$G[S]$表示图$G$在点集$S$上的导出子图,即$G[S]=(S,{(x,y)|x,y\in S且(x,y)\in E})$ 定义$g(S)$为所有$E'$(满足$E'\subseteq G[S].E$)的图$G'=(S,E')$的染色方式之和,考虑枚举其中一种颜色的点集,则有$g(S)=\sum_{T\subseteq S}2^{|\{(x,y)|(x,y)\in E且x\in T且y\in C_{S}T\}|}$(这些边可以选或不选) 考虑计算$|\{(x,y)|(x,y)\in G[…

// poj 1737 Connected Graph // // 题目大意: // // 带标号的连通分量计数 // // 解题思路: // // 设f(n)为连通图的数量,g(n)为非连通图的数量,h(n)为所有的 // 图的数量,h(n) = 2 ^(n * (n - 1) / 2); // f(n) + g[n] = h(n). // // 考虑标号为1在哪个连通分量内,设连通分量内有k个点,则问题为 // 在n-1个点中选择k-1个点的方法数 C(n-1,k-1),此时1所在的连通图数…

Connected Graph Time Limit: 1000MS   Memory Limit: 30000K Total Submissions: 3156   Accepted: 1533 Description An undirected graph is a set V of vertices and a set of E∈{V*V} edges.An undirected graph is connected if and only if for every pair (u,v)…

Connected Graph Time Limit: 1000MS   Memory Limit: 30000K Total Submissions: 3156   Accepted: 1533 Description An undirected graph is a set V of vertices and a set of E∈{V*V} edges.An undirected graph is connected if and only if for every pair (u,v)…

Connected Graph 求n个点的无向联通图数量,\(n\leq 50\). 解 直接无向联通图做状态等于是以边点做考虑,难以去重,考虑联通对立面即不联通. 不难求出n个点的总方案数为\(2^{\frac{n\times (n-1)}{2}}\),所以设\(f_i\)表示n个点的无向联通图个数,因此我们有 \[f_i=2^{\frac{n(n-1)}{2}}-\sum_{j=1}^{i-1}f_jC_i^j2^{\frac{(i-j)(i-j-1)}{2}}\] 但是这样的转移存在重复,…

http://poj.org/problem?id=1737 (题目链接) 题意 求n个节点的无向连通图的方案数,不取模w(ﾟДﾟ)w Solution 刚开始想了个第二类斯特林数,然而并不知道怎么求具体方案,于是翻了题解.. 设${f_n}$表示n个节点的方案数. 那么n个节点所能够构成的无向图,无论连不连通,一共有${\frac{n*(n+1)}{2}}$条边,于是就有${2^{\frac{n*(n+1)}{2}}}$种图.考虑如何减去不连通的图的方案数. 我们选择枚举1号节点与i个节点连通…

http://blog.csdn.net/sdj222555/article/details/12453629 这个递推可以说是非常巧妙了. import java.util.*; import java.io.*; import java.math.*; public class Main{ static BigInteger[] g=new BigInteger[60]; static BigInteger[] f=new BigInteger[60]; static BigInteger[…

题意:输出题中带有$n$个标号的图中连通图的个数. 解题关键: 令$f(n)$为连通图的个数,$g(n)$为非联通图的个数,$h(n)$为总的个数. 则$f(n) + g(n) = h(n)$ 考虑标号1所在的联通分量中连通图的个数. 转移方程:$g(n) = \sum\limits_{k = 1}^{n - 1} {C_{n - 1}^{k - 1}f(k)h(n - k)} $ $h(n) = \frac{{n(n - 1)}}{2}$ import java.math.*; import…

题面 \(solution:\) 首先做个推销:带负数的压位高精度(加减乘+读写) 然后:由 \(N\) 个节点组成的无向图的总数为: \(2^{N*(N-1)/2}\) (也就是说这个图总共有 \(N*(N-1)/2\) 条边,每一条边选或不选就可以得出来) 然后我们直接开始分析题目,因为这道题需要求无向连通图的方案数,这道题似乎也不是一个结论题, \(wch\) 决定去找找规律,是不是 \(n\) 和 \(n-1\) 有什么关系,但是 $wch $ 发现他打不出表. 然后 $wch $ 想到…

题目链接: http://poj.org/problem?id=1737 题意: 求 \(n\) 个点的无向简单(无重边无自环)连通图的个数.\((n<=50)\) 题解: 这题你甚至能OEIS. http://oeis.org/A001187 但不支持这样做.TAT 间接做. 总方案数减去不合法方案. 因为\(n\)个点的完全图有 \(C(n,2)={n(n-1) \over 2}\) 条边,显然就有 \(2^{C(n,2)}\) 种子图,即枚举每条边是否选择. 设$ f[i]$ 表示每个点都…

AcWing Description 求$N$个节点的无向连通图有多少个,节点有标号,编号为$1~N$. $1<=N<=50$ Sol 在计数类$DP$中,通常要把一个问题划分成若干个子问题,以便于执行递推. 一个连通图不容易划分,而一个不连通的无向图则很容易划分成结点更少的两部分.所以我们把问题转化成用$N$个点的无向图总个数减去$N$个点的不连通无向图的个数. $N$个点的无向图总个数显然是$2^{N*(N-1)/2}$,还是简单说下叭,就是$N$个点连成完全图的边数显然是$N*(N-1)…

Given n nodes labeled from 0 to n - 1 and a list of undirected edges (each edge is a pair of nodes), write a function to check whether these edges make up a valid tree. For example: Given n = 5 and edges = [[0, 1], [0, 2], [0, 3], [1, 4]], return tru…

Strongly Connected Components A directed graph is strongly connected if there is a path between all pairs of vertices. A strongly connected component (SCC) of a directed graph is a maximal strongly connected subgraph. For example, there are 3 SCCs in…

Given n nodes labeled from 0 to n - 1 and a list of undirected edges (each edge is a pair of nodes), write a function to check whether these edges make up a valid tree. For example: Given n = 5 and edges = [[0, 1], [0, 2], [0, 3], [1, 4]], return tru…

题面 Time limit : 2sec / Memory limit : 1024MB Score : 600 points Problem Statement-题目描述 Kenkoooo found a simple connected graph. The vertices are numbered 1" role="presentation">11 through n" role="presentation">nn. The…

Leha plays a computer game, where is on each level is given a connected graph with n vertices and m edges. Graph can contain multiple edges, but can not contain self loops. Each vertex has an integer di, which can be equal to 0, 1 or  - 1. To pass th…

背景 不同的数据结构有不同的用途,像:数组.链表.队列.栈多数是用来做为基本的工具使用,二叉树多用来作为已排序元素列表的存储,B 树用在存储中,本文介绍的 Graph 多数是为了解决现实问题(说到底,所有的数据结构都是这个目的),如:网络布局.任务安排等. 图的基本概念 示例 顶点(Vertex) 上图的 1.2.3.4.5.6 就是顶点. 邻接(Adjoin) 如果 A 和 B 通过定向边相连,且方向为 A -> B,则 B 为 A 的邻接,如果相连的边是没有方向的,则 A 和 B 互为邻接.…

地址:http://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/165/D 题目: D. Beard Graph time limit per test 4 seconds memory limit per test 256 megabytes input standard input output standard output Let's define a non-oriented connected graph of n vertices and n - 1 edg…

［抄题］: Given an undirected graph, return true if and only if it is bipartite. Recall that a graph is bipartite if we can split it's set of nodes into two independent subsets A and B such that every edge in the graph has one node in A and another node…

\(\color{#0066ff}{题目描述}\) 贝希和她的闺密们在她们的牛棚中玩游戏.但是天不从人愿,突然,牛棚的电源跳闸了,所有的灯都被关闭了.贝希是一个很胆小的女生,在伸手不见拇指的无尽的黑暗中,她感到惊恐,痛苦与绝望.她希望您能够帮帮她,把所有的灯都给重新开起来!她才能继续快乐地跟她的闺密们继续玩游戏! 牛棚中一共有N(1 <= N <= 35)盏灯,编号为1到N.这些灯被置于一个非常複杂的网络之中.有M(1 <= M <= 595)条很神奇的无向边,每条边连接两盏灯.…

题目描述 Bessie and the cows were playing games in the barn, but the power was reset and the lights were all turned off. Help the cows get all the lights back on so they can resume their games. The N (1 <= N <= 35) lights conveniently numbered 1..N and…

题目描述 Bessie and the cows were playing games in the barn, but the power was reset and the lights were all turned off. Help the cows get all the lights back on so they can resume their games. The N (1 <= N <= 35) lights conveniently numbered 1..N and…

Given n nodes labeled from 0 to n - 1 and a list of undirected edges (each edge is a pair of nodes), write a function to check whether these edges make up a valid tree. For example: Given n = 5 and edges = [[0, 1], [0, 2], [0, 3], [1, 4]], return tru…

Question: Detect cycle in a directed graph Answer: Depth First Traversal can be used to detect cycle in a Graph. DFS for a connected graph produces a tree. There is a cycle in a graph only if there is a back edge present in the graph. A back edge is…

题目描述 Bessie and the cows were playing games in the barn, but the power was reset and the lights were all turned off. Help the cows get all the lights back on so they can resume their games. The N (1 <= N <= 35) lights conveniently numbered 1..N and…

Description Bessie and the cows were playing games in the barn, but the power was reset and the lights were all turned off. Help the cows get all the lights back on so they can resume their games. The N (1 <= N <= 35) lights conveniently numbered 1.…

Generative Graph Models 第八章传统的图生成方法> The previous parts of this book introduced a wide variety of methods for learning representations of graphs. In this final part of the book, we will discuss a distinct but closely related task: the problem of > g…

论文信息 论文标题:Towards Deeper Graph Neural Networks论文作者:Meng Liu, Hongyang Gao, Shuiwang Ji论文来源:2020, KDD论文地址:download 论文代码:download 1 Introduction 问题引入: 图卷积是领域聚合的代表,这些邻域聚合方法中的一层只考虑近邻,当进一步深入以实现更大的接受域时,性能会下降,这种性能恶化归因于过平滑问题( over-smoothing),即当感受域增大时,在传播和更新过…

这个东西先放在这吧.做过的以后会用#号标示出来 1.burnside定理,polya计数法    这个大家可以看brudildi的<组合数学>,那本书的这一章写的很详细也很容易理解.最好能完全看懂了,理解了再去做题,不要只记个公式.    *简单题:(直接用套公式就可以了)    pku2409 Let it Bead      #http://acm.pku.edu.cn/JudgeOnline/problem?id=2409    pku2154 Color   #http://acm.p…

转自:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6635898a0100magq.html 1.burnside定理,polya计数法 这个大家可以看brudildi的<组合数学>,那本书的这一章写的很详细也很容易理解.最好能完全看懂了,理解了再去做题,不要只记个公式. *简单题:(直接用套公式就可以了) pku2409 Let it Bead      http://acm.pku.edu.cn/JudgeOnline/problem?id=2409 pku2154 Co…