A context switch (also sometimes referred to as a process switch or a task switch) is the switching of the CPU (central processing unit) from one process or thread to another. A process (also sometimes referred to as a task) is an executing (i.e., ru…

How many Context Switches is “normal”? This depends very much on the type of application you run. If you've got applications which are very trigger-happy WRT syscalls you can expect to see high amounts of context switching. If most of your applicatio…

16.2 How would you measure the time spent in a context switch? 上下文转换发生在两个进程之间,比如让一个等待进程进入执行和让一个运行进程进入等待,这些在多任务中发生.操作系统需要把等待进程的信息放入内存和把当前运行的进程信息保存下来.为了解决这个问题,我们记录在切换进程时的最后和第一个指令的时间点,比如我们有两个进程P1和P2,P1在执行P2在等待,当我们切换P1和P2时,假设发生在P1的第N个指令,我们用tx,k来表示进程x的第k个…

3.4 The Sun UltraSPARC processor has multiple register sets. Describe what happens when a context switch occurs if the new context is already loaded into one of the register sets. What happens if the new context is in memory rather than in a register…

从Java视角理解系统结构连载, 关注我的微博(链接)了解最新动态   在高性能编程时,经常接触到多线程. 起初我们的理解是, 多个线程并行地执行总比单个线程要快, 就像多个人一起干活总比一个人干要快. 然而实际情况是, 多线程之间需要竞争IO设备, 或者竞争锁资源,导致往往执行速度还不如单个线程. 在这里有一个经常提及的概念就是: 上下文切换(Context Switch). 上下文切换的精确定义可以参考: http://www.linfo.org/context_switch.html. 下…

http://iamzhongyong.iteye.com/blog/1895728 什么是CPU上下文切换? 现在linux是大多基于抢占式,CPU给每个任务一定的服务时间,当时间片轮转的时候,需要把当前状态保存下来,同时加载下一个任务,这个过程叫做上下文切换.时间片轮转的方式,使得多个任务利用一个CPU执行成为可能,但是保存现场和加载现场,也带来了性能消耗.  那线程上下文切换的次数和时间以及性能消耗如何看呢? 如何获得上下文切换的次数? vmstat直接运行即可,在最后几列,有CPU的co…

The context is represented in the PCB of the process. It includes the value of the CPU registers, the process state (see Figure 3.2), and memory-management information. 上下文是保存在PCB里面的. 它包括了CPU寄存器的值, 进程状态, 和内存管理信息. Generically, we perform a state save…

什么是CPU上下文切换? 现在linux是大多基于抢占式,CPU给每个任务一定的服务时间,当时间片轮转的时候,需要把当前状态保存下来,同时加载下一个任务,这个过程叫做上下文切换.时间片轮转的方式,使得多个任务利用一个CPU执行成为可能,但是保存现场和加载现场,也带来了性能消耗.  那线程上下文切换的次数和时间以及性能消耗如何看呢?                ​    ​如何获得上下文切换的次数? vmstat直接运行即可,在最后几列,有CPU的context switch次数. 这个是系统层…

分类: 4.软件设计/架构/测试 2010-01-12 19:58 34241人阅读 评论(4) 收藏 举报 测试loadrunnerlinux服务器firebugthread 上篇讲如何用LoadRunner监控Linux的性能指标 ,但是关于CPU的几个指标没有搞清楚,下面就详细说说. CPU Utilization 好理解,就是CPU的利用率,75%以上就比较高了(也有说法是80%或者更高).除了这个指标外,还要结合Load Average和Context Switch Rate来看,有可…

In computing, a context switch is the process of storing and restoring the state (more specifically, the execution context) of a process or thread so that execution can be resumed from the same point at a later time. This enables multiple processes t…

How long does it take to make a context switch?   FROM: http://blog.tsunanet.net/2010/11/how-long-does-it-take-to-make-context.html That's a interesting question I'm willing to spend some of my time on. Someone at StumbleUpon emitted the hypothesis t…

FROM: http://blog.tsunanet.net/2010/11/how-long-does-it-take-to-make-context.html That's a interesting question I'm willing to spend some of my time on. Someone at StumbleUpon emitted the hypothesis that with all the improvements in the Nehalem archi…

这是原文链接http://serverfault.com/questions/190049/find-out-which-task-is-generating-a-lot-of-context-switches-on-linux 主要就是用pidstat -w 查看上下文切换, root@wis-virtual-machine:~# pidstat -w 1 Linux 4.2.0-16-generic (wis-virtual-machine)    2016年04月08日  _i686_  …

http://www.embedded.com/design/embedded/4231326/Taking-advantage-of-the-Cortex-M3-s-pre-emptive-context-switches The ARM Cortex-M3 (CM3) architecture is a 32-bit microcontroller core designed to replace many 8-bit and 16-bit devices by offering faste…

为了控制进程的执行,内核必须有能力挂起正在CPU上运行的进程,并恢复以前挂起的某个进程的执行,这种行为叫进程切换(process switch),任务切换(task switch)或上下文切换(context switch).个人习惯将之称为context switch,因为context这个单词能够比较准确的形容进程运行的环境. 一,进程在内核态的context 每一个进程都有它自己的内核态上下文.Linux把两个不同的数据结构紧凑的存放在一个单独为进程分配的存储区域内:一个是与进程描述符相关…

http://coactionos.com/embedded%20design%20tips/2013/10/09/Tips-Context-Switching-on-the-Cortex-M3/ The ARM Cortex-M3 architecture is designed with special features to facilitate implementing a pre-emptive RTOS. The system code takes advantage of thes…

一. 进程Context 定义 当一个进程在执行时, CPU的所有寄存器中的值.进程的状态以及堆栈中的内容,比如各个变量和数据,包括所有的寄存器变量.进程打开的文件.内存信息等.这些信息被称为该进程的上下文(Context). 一个进程的Context可以分为三个部分:用户级上下文.寄存器上下文以及系统级上下文: (1)用户级上下文: 正文.数据.用户堆栈以及共享存储区:       (2)寄存器上下文: 通用寄存器.程序寄存器(IP).处理器状态寄存器(EFLAGS).栈指针(ESP):   …

转自:http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6461207 一. 进程Context 定义 当一个进程在执行时, CPU的所有寄存器中的值.进程的状态以及堆栈中的内容,比如各个变量和数据,包括所有的寄存器变量.进程打开的文件.内存信息等.这些信息被称为该进程的上下文(Context). 一个进程的Context可以分为三个部分:用户级上下文.寄存器上下文以及系统级上下文: (1)用户级上下文: 正文.数据.用户堆栈以及共享存储区:…

Context Switches  https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682105(VS.85).aspx The scheduler maintains a queue of executable threads for each priority level. These are known as ready threads. When a processor becomes available, the system performs a…

FIELD OF INVENTION This invention relates to computer graphics processing, and more specifically to computer graphics processing using two or more architecturally distinct graphics processors. BACKGROUND OF INVENTION Many computing devices utilize hi…

A real-time operating system (RTOS) for use with minimal-memory controllers has a kernel for managing task execution, including context switching, a plurality of defined tasks, individual ones of the tasks having subroutines callable in nested levels…

By now almost everyone has heard of so-called zero-copy functionality under Linux, but I often run into people who don't have a full understanding of the subject. Because of this, I decided to write a few articles that dig into the matter a bit deepe…

协程 协程,又称微线程,纤程.英文名Coroutine.一句话说明什么是线程:协程是一种用户态的轻量级线程. 协程拥有自己的寄存器上下文和栈.协程调度切换时,将寄存器上下文和栈保存到其他地方,在切回来的时候,恢复先前保存的寄存器上下文和栈.因此: 协程能保留上一次调用时的状态(即所有局部状态的一个特定组合),每次过程重入时,就相当于进入上一次调用的状态,换种说法:进入上一次离开时所处逻辑流的位置. 协程的好处: 无需线程上下文切换的开销 无需原子操作锁定及同步的开销 方便切换控制流,简化编程模型…

引子 到目前为止,我们已经学了网络并发编程的2个套路, 多进程,多线程,这哥俩的优势和劣势都非常的明显,我们一起来回顾下 协程 协程,又称微线程,纤程.英文名Coroutine.一句话说明什么是线程:协程是一种用户态的轻量级线程. 协程拥有自己的寄存器上下文和栈.协程调度切换时,将寄存器上下文和栈保存到其他地方,在切回来的时候,恢复先前保存的寄存器上下文和栈.因此: 协程能保留上一次调用时的状态(即所有局部状态的一个特定组合),每次过程重入时,就相当于进入上一次调用的状态,换种说法:进入上一次离…

目录 . 引言 . 进程优先级 . 进程的生命周 . 进程表示 . 进程管理相关的系统调用 . 进程调度 . 完全公平调度类 . 实时调度类 . 调度器增强 . 小结 1. 引言 在多处理器系统中,可以真正并行运行的进程数目,取决于物理CPU的数目内核和处理器建立了多任务的"错觉",即可以并行做几种操作,这是通过以很短的间隔在系统运行的应用程序之间不停切换而做到的,这种系统管理方式引发了几个内核必须解决的问题 . 除非明确地要求,否则应用程序不能彼此干扰,例如 ) 应用程序A的错误不能…

  http://randomascii.wordpress.com/2013/04/20/xperf-basics-recording-a-trace-the-easy-way/   Some time ago I wrote a long and detailed post about how to record traces using xperf. The steps needed to record a trace were daunting. However more recent…

[转自]http://sahandsaba.com/understanding-asyncio-node-js-python-3-4.html Introduction I spent this summer working on a web platform running on Node.js. This was the first time I worked full-time with Node.js and one thing that became quite apparent af…

http://blog.csdn.net/win_lin/article/details/8242653 译文在后面. State Threads for Internet Applications Introduction State Threads is an application library which provides a foundation for writing fast and highly scalable Internet Applications on UNIX-li…

http://www.hawstein.com/posts/ctci-solutions-contents.html 作者:Hawstein出处:http://hawstein.com/posts/ctci-solutions-contents.html声明:本文采用以下协议进行授权: 自由转载-非商用-非衍生-保持署名|Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 3.0 ,转载请注明作者及出处. 前言 <Cracking the coding interview>是一本被许多人极力推…

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