Linux VPS新硬盘分区与挂载教程

通过fdisk -l我们可以看到/dev/xvdb(此名称因系统而异)容量有23.6G，而且没有分区，
接下来我们对它进行分区和挂载 （红色字为需要输入的部分，黑色字为系统显示部分）

1.fdisk -l
 [root@MyVPS ~]# fdisk -l
 Disk /dev/xvda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
 /dev/xvda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
 /dev/xvda2 14 1044 8281507+ 8e Linux LVM
 Disk /dev/xvdb: 23.6 GB, 23622320128 bytes
 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2871 cylinders
 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

2.对/dev/xvdb(此名称因系统而异)进行分区：
 [root@MyVPS ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
 The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2871.
 There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
 and could in certain setups cause problems with:
 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
 (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
 输入n新建分区
 Command (m for help): n
 Command action
 e extended
 p primary partition (1-4)
 p
 /dev/xvdb中第1个分区
 Partition number (1-4): 1
 First cylinder (1-2871, default 1):
 Using default value 1
 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2871, default 2871):
 Using default value 2871
 输入W保存退出
 Command (m for help): w
 The partition table has been altered!
 Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
 Syncing disks.

3.将新分区xvdb1(此名称因系统而异)格式化为ext3格式
 [root@MyVPS ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1
 mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
 Filesystem label=
 OS type: Linux
 Block size=4096 (log=2)
 Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
 2883584 inodes, 5765319 blocks
 288265 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
 First data block=0
 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
 176 block groups
 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
 16384 inodes per group
 Superblock backups stored on blocks:
 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
 4096000
 Writing inode tables: done
 Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or
 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

4.我们示范将新分区xvdb1挂载到目录/home
 [root@MyVPS ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /home
也可以新建目录/home1，然后挂载home1目录，新建目录命令mkdir /home 然后 mount /dev/xvdb1 /home

5.完成后我们通过df -hal可以看到，新分区已经挂载到目录/home1上了
 [root@MyVPS ~]# df -hal
 Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
 /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
 5.7G 1.4G 4.1G 25% /
 proc 0 0 0 - /proc
 sysfs 0 0 0 - /sys
 devpts 0 0 0 - /dev/pts
 /dev/xvda1 99M 28M 67M 30% /boot
 tmpfs 256M 0 256M 0% /dev/shm
 none 0 0 0 - /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
 sunrpc 0 0 0 - /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs
 /dev/xvdb1 22G 173M 21G 1% /home

6.最后添加开机自动挂载：  [root@MyVPS ~]# echo "/dev/sdb1 /home ext3 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab

注意：检验是否挂盘成功，需要重启服务器，如果能够连接则成功，不能则失败。重启命令“reboot”

7.通过my.vpsks.com面板重装后的处理
 [root@MyVPS ~]# mkdir /home1
 [root@MyVPS ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /home
 最后，重新添加自动挂载即可：
 [root@MyVPS ~]# echo "/dev/sdb1 /home ext3 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab