python openpyxl、RESTful、Webservice接口 基础知识

最近 在做接口测试的时候，遇到如下问题：如何通过数据驱动去做批量接口测试呢，我们的测试数据放在哪里去维护？下面整理出相关点，供大家参考

1、如何维护接口测试数据：放在excel文件中，通过python openpyxl第三方库，读取并写回测试结果。

#1、编写测试用例，读取测试用例，并写回
#第三方库 openpyxl
from openpyxl import load_workbook

#打开工作簿
wb=load_workbook["test_datas.xlsx"]

#定位表单sheet
sheet=wb["info"]

#获取单元格cell值
value=sheet.cell(1,2).value

#修改单元格cell值
sheet.cell(2,2).value="new"

#获取最大行值row、最大列值column
max_row=sheet.max_row
 max_cow = sheet.max_column

#保存工作簿

wb.save("test_datas.xlsx")

2、如何对RESTful接口进行，接口请求，并获取返回的json值。用request第三方库，直接把请求体放在json参数里，入参去请求。

#2、进行RESTful,接口请求
#requests
import requests
global cookies

url = "http://172.17.0.128:15124/mdm/public/query"
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
datas1={"Request": {"Head": {"LicId": "","ContentType": "text/json","TranCode": "DeptInfo","ServiceVersion":"5.0.2","ContentEncoding": "","Timestamp": "2018-10-19 17:09:55.137","TransferType": "","SecurityContent": "","OrgId": "01","Callback": "","AppId": "HIS0311","Version": "1.1","SecurityPolicy": "","AppType": "PC","MessageId": "EA455467-A04A-4E73-8BE4-190078D3C258"} ,"Body": {"Page":1,"PageSize":30,"Params":[{"key":"deptCode","value":"T234"}]}}} 

#python自带json把字典格式转成json格式
res=requests.post(url,json=requestbody,headers=headers,cookies=cookies)
res.json() 

res=requests.get(url,json=requestbody,headers=headers,cookies=cookies)
res.json() 

3、如何对Wbeservice接口，进行处理？直接通过suds.client的Client()方法，创建webService对象，查看里面的各类接口-->>

在去service调用方法--->>最后对sax.text格式的返回值，用json.load(escape(res))转化成字典格式，

 #3、进行Webservice，接口请求
#suds
from suds.client import Client
import json
from xml.sax.saxutils import escape

url = "http://172.17.0.128:15124/mdm/public/ws/MDMService?wsdl"
operetions=“register”
msg = '''{"Request":{"Head":{"LicId":"","ContentType":"text/json","TranCode":"hostipal","ServiceVersion":"1.0","ContentEncoding":"","Timestamp":"2018-10-1917:09:55.137","TransferType":"","SecurityContent":"","OrgId":"42504942400","Callback":"","AppId":"CIS","Version":"1.0","SecurityPolicy":"","AppType":"PC","MessageId":"EA455467-A04A-4E73-8BE4-190078D3C258"},"Body":{"Page":1,"PageSize":30,"Params":[{"key":"name","value":"dsnvb","like":1}]}}}'''

# 创建一个webservice对象，来调用webservice里面的各类接口
c=Client(url)
# print(c)

# .service去调用接口函数方法method, 注：直接把xml参数当成一个字符串来传递就OK
# 注意SoapUI：xml的格式需要将xml外围增加<![CDATA[xml]]>
# 注册接口、查询接口、查询调阅接口
#接口返回类型： <class 'suds.sax.text.Text'>
if operetions=='register':
    result=c.service.register(msg)
elif operetions=='query':
    result=c.service.query(msg)
else:
    result=c.service.querySubscribe(msg)

# escape转换成字符类型,json.loads(<json>)转成字典
result = json.loads(escape(result))
return result

#factory,去查看参数情况
# register=c.factory.create("register")
# print(register)

query_msg = '''{"Request":{"Head":{"LicId":"","ContentType":"text/json","TranCode":"hostipal","ServiceVersion":"1.0","ContentEncoding":"","Timestamp":"2018-10-1917:09:55.137","TransferType":"","SecurityContent":"","OrgId":"42504942400","Callback":"","AppId":"CIS","Version":"1.0","SecurityPolicy":"","AppType":"PC","MessageId":"EA455467-A04A-4E73-8BE4-190078D3C258"},"Body":{"Page":1,"PageSize":30,"Params":[{"key":"name","value":"dsnvb","like":1}]}}}'''
querySubscribe_msg='''{"Request":{"Head":{"LicId":"","ContentType":"text/json","TranCode":"hostipal","ServiceVersion":"1.0","ContentEncoding":"","Timestamp":"2018-10-1917:09:55.137","TransferType":"","SecurityContent":"","OrgId":"42504942400","Callback":"","AppId":"CIS","Version":"1.0","SecurityPolicy":"","AppType":"PC","MessageId":"EA455467-A04A-4E73-8BE4-190078D3C258"},"Body":{"Page":1,"PageSize":30,"Params":[{"key":"name","value":"dsnvb","like":1}]}}}'''
    res=t.webservice_suds(url,register_msg,"register")
    print(res)
    print(type(res))