手写RPC框架（六）整合Netty

手写RPC框架（六）整合Netty

Netty简介：

Netty是一个基于NIO的，提供异步，事件驱动的网络应用工具，具有高性能高可靠性等特点。

使用传统的Socket来进行网络通信，服务端每一个连接都要新建一个线程，清楚处理完成后通过输出流返回给客户端。而Netty通过NIO的方式，服务端实现为一个请求一个线程，客户端发送的连接请求会注册到多路复用器上，多路复用器轮询到连接有I/O请求时才会启动一个线程进行处理。

这次我们通过Netty来实现网络通信，替代Socket，提高框架性能。

1. 引入Netty

   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.netty/netty-all -->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
       <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
       <version>4.1.73.Final</version>
   </dependency>
   

2. netty服务端

   public class NettyServer{
       private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NettyServer.class);
       private String serverAddress; //启动地址
       private int serverPort; //启动端口
   
       private EventLoopGroup boss = null;
       private EventLoopGroup worker = null;
   
       public NettyServer(String serverAddress, int serverPort) {
           this.serverAddress = serverAddress;
           this.serverPort = serverPort;
       }
   
       public void startNettyServer() throws Exception {
           //netty调度模块，负责接收请求
           NioEventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
           //netty调度模块，负责处理请求
           NioEventLoopGroup workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
           //启动类
           ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
           bootstrap.group(bossGroup,workGroup);
           bootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);
           bootstrap.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
               @Override
               protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                   //传输数据的channel
                   ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
                   //解码器
                   pipeline.addLast(new StringDecoder());
                   //编码器
                   pipeline.addLast(new StringEncoder());
                   //业务逻辑
                   pipeline.addLast(new RpcServerHandler());
               }
           });
   
           try {
               //端口绑定
               ChannelFuture sync = bootstrap.bind(serverAddress, serverPort).sync();
               sync.channel().closeFuture().sync();
           } catch (InterruptedException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }finally {
               bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
               workGroup.shutdownGracefully();
           }
       }
   
       @PreDestroy
       public void destory() throws InterruptedException {
           boss.shutdownGracefully().sync();
           worker.shutdownGracefully().sync();
           logger.info("关闭Netty");
       }
   }
   

   在这里通过startServer方法会启动netty服务端，当有请求时，会进入RpcServerHandler()方法中进行处理。

   @ChannelHandler.Sharable
   public class RpcServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
   
       @Override
       protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) {
           //msg为接收到的请求信息
           RpcResponse response = new RpcResponse();
           //将请求信息解码
           RpcRegisterEntity rpcRegisterEntity=JSON.parseObject(msg,RpcRegisterEntity.class);
           //通过反射得到远程调用的类并执行该方法
           Object result = invoke(rpcRegisterEntity);
           try {
               //返回体
               response.setResult(result);
           } catch (Exception exception) {
               exception.printStackTrace();
               response.setException(exception);
           }
           //写入返回数据
           ctx.writeAndFlush(JSON.toJSONString(response));
       }
   
       private Object invoke(RpcRegisterEntity entity) {
           try {
               //接口名
               String interfaceName = entity.getServiceImplClassFullName();
   //            String implClassName = RegisterCenter.getProviderData(interfaceName);
               //类名
               String implClassName = entity.getServiceImplClassFullName();
               Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(implClassName);
               String methodName = entity.getMethodName();
               Class<?>[] parameterTypes = entity.getParameterTypes();
               Object[] parameters = entity.getParameters();
               Method method = clazz.getMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
               //通过反射得到结果
               return method.invoke(clazz.newInstance(), parameters);
           } catch (ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException | IllegalAccessException | InstantiationException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
               return e;
           }
       }
       //当Channel处理于活动状态时被调用
       @Override
       public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
   //        System.out.println(ctx.channel().remoteAddress().toString());
           super.channelActive(ctx);
       }
   
       @Override
       public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
   //        System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(cause));
           super.exceptionCaught(ctx, cause);
       }
   }
   

3. netty消费端

   public class RpcClient{
       private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RpcClient.class);
       private EventLoopGroup group;
   
       private Channel channel;
   
       private String ip;
   
       private int port;
   
       private RpcConsumerHandler rpcConsumerHandler=new RpcConsumerHandler();
   
       private ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
   
       public RpcClient(String ip, int port) {
           this.ip = ip;
           this.port = port;
           initClient();
       }
   
       public void initClient() {
           try {
               //1.创建线程组
               group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
               //2.创建启动助手
               Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
               //3.设置参数
               bootstrap.group(group)
                       //传输数据用的channel
                       .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                       .option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, Boolean.TRUE)
                       .option(ChannelOption.CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, 3000)
                       .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                           @Override
                           protected void initChannel(SocketChannel channel) throws Exception {
                               ChannelPipeline pipeline = channel.pipeline();
                               pipeline.addLast(new StringEncoder());
                               pipeline.addLast(new StringDecoder());
                               //添加客户端处理类
                               pipeline.addLast(rpcConsumerHandler);
                           }
                       });
               //4.连接Netty服务端
               connect(bootstrap, ip, port, 5);
           } catch (Exception exception) {
               exception.printStackTrace();
               if (channel != null) {
                   channel.close();
               }
               if (group != null) {
                   group.shutdownGracefully();
               }
           }
       }
   
       private void connect(Bootstrap bootstrap, String host, int port, int retry) {
           ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect(host, port).addListener(future -> {
               if (future.isSuccess()) {
                   logger.info("连接服务端成功");
               } else if (retry == 0) {
                   logger.error("重试次数已用完，放弃连接");
               } else {
                   //第几次重连：
                   int order = (5 - retry) + 1;
                   //本次重连的间隔
                   int delay = 1 << order;
                   logger.error("{} : 连接失败，第 {} 重连....", new Date(), order);
                   bootstrap.config().group().schedule(() -> connect(bootstrap, host, port, retry - 1), delay, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
               }
           });
           channel = channelFuture.channel();
       }
       /**
        * 提供给调用者主动关闭资源的方法
        */
       public void close() {
           if (channel != null) {
               channel.close();
           }
           if (group != null) {
               group.shutdownGracefully();
           }
       }
   
       /**
        * 提供消息发送的方法
        */
       public Object send(String msg) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
           rpcConsumerHandler.setRequestMsg(msg);
           Future submit = executorService.submit(rpcConsumerHandler);
           return submit.get();
       }
   
       public void destroy() throws Exception {
           if (channel != null) {
               channel.close();
           }
           if (group != null) {
               group.shutdownGracefully();
           }
       }
   
       public String getIp() {
           return ip;
       }
   
       public void setIp(String ip) {
           this.ip = ip;
       }
   
       public int getPort() {
           return port;
       }
   
       public void setPort(int port) {
           this.port = port;
       }
   }
   

   当创建好客户端时，发送请求时数据会交由rpcConsumerHandler处理，

   public class RpcConsumerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> implements Callable {
       ChannelHandlerContext context;
       //发送的消息
       String requestMsg;
   
       //服务端返回的消息
       String responseMsg;
   
       public void setRequestMsg(String requestMsg) {
           this.requestMsg = requestMsg;
       }
       @Override
       public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
           context = ctx;
       }
       //接收由服务端返回的数据
       @Override
       protected synchronized void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, String msg) throws Exception {
           System.out.println("客户端结果："+msg);
           responseMsg = msg;
           //唤醒等待的线程
           notify();
       }
       //发送数据
       @Override
       public synchronized Object call() throws Exception {
           //消息发送
           context.writeAndFlush(requestMsg);
           //线程等待
           wait();
           return responseMsg;
       }
   }
   

4. 调用

   //新建连接
   RpcClient rpcClient = getClient(rpcRegisterEntity.getHost(), rpcRegisterEntity.getPort());
   //发送数据
   Object responseMsg = rpcClient.send(JSON.toJSONString(rpcRegisterEntity));
   //解析返回的数据
   RpcResponse rpcResponse = JSON.parseObject(responseMsg.toString(), RpcResponse.class);