十五、Mysql字符集的那些事

1. 设置默认字符集

#vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf 。(5.5以后系统)如下修改：

[client]

default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

default-storage-engine=INNODB

character-set-server=utf8

collation-server=utf8_general_ci

2. show variables like '%char%'; 查看服务器或数据库的默认字符集

+--------------------------+---------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+---------------+

| character_set_client | gbk |

| character_set_connection | gbk |

| character_set_database | utf8 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | gbk |

| character_set_server | utf8 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

+--------------------------+-------------+

 

 

 

也可以通过MySQL命令行修改:

mysql> set character_set_client=utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set character_set_database=utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set character_set_results=utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set character_set_server=utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set character_set_system=utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> set collation_connection=utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> set collation_database=utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> set collation_server=utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

查看:

mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';

 

3. 养成一个良好的习惯，创建数据库的时候设置它的字符集。

修改数据库的字符集 

mysql>use mydb

mysql>alter database mydb character set utf-8;

创建数据库指定数据库的字符集

mysql>create database mydb character set utf-8;

mysql> alter table emp engine=memory; --修改表的引擎

mysql> alter table emp default charset=utf8;  --修改表的字符集

mysql>create table emp (id int) charset utf-8; --建表时的字符集