Python for Email

SMTP

正如 HTTP 是计算机用来通过因特网发送网页的协议，简单邮件传输协议（SMTP）

是用于发送电子邮件的协议

import smtplib

发送电子邮件

连接到SMTP服务器

smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL('pop.exmail.qq.com',465)
type(smtpObj)

发送SMTP的"hello"消息

smtpObj.ehlo() #返回250 means 成功

开始TLS加密

TLS 加密需要使用.starttls()方法

SSL 加密则不需要使用

登录到SMTP服务器

smtpObj.login('7379@jics.cn',input()) #返回235 means 成功 input由用户输入邮箱密码

发送电子邮件

smtpObj.sendmail("7379@jics.cn","evian_jeff@163.com",'Subject:So long.\nDear Alice,so long and thanks for all the fish. Sincerely,Bob')
#from发件邮箱 to收件邮箱 'Subject:\n'开头的邮件标题行和正文字符串
#返回空字典means成功

从SMTP服务器断开

smtpObj.quit() #221 means bye

IMAP

• imaplib python自带模块
• imapclient 第三方包 pip install imapclient
• pyzmail 解析邮件内容 pip install pyzmail36

# pip install imapclient 安装imapclient
import imapclient

用IMAP获取和删除电子邮件

# pip install pyzmail36
import pyzmail #需要需改util.py文件

连接到IMAP服务器

import imapclient
imapObj = imapclient.IMAPClient('imap.exmail.qq.com', ssl=True)

登录到IMAP服务器

imapObj.login('7379@jics.cn', input())

搜索电子邮件

登录后，实际获取你感兴趣的电子邮件分为两步。首先，必须选择要搜索的文件

夹。然后，必须调用 IMAPClient 对象的 search()方法，传入 IMAP 搜索关键词字符串。

选择文件夹

import pprint
pprint.pprint(imapObj.list_folders())

imapObj.select_folder('INBOX', readonly=True) #除非你想删除的电子邮件，否则将 readonly 设置为 True总是个好主意

执行搜索

UIDs = imapObj.search(['SINCE 27-Aug-2019'])
UIDs

大小限制

import imaplib
imaplib._MAXLINE = 10000000

取邮件并标记为已读

rawMessages = imapObj.fetch(UIDs,['BODY[]'])
import pprint
pprint.pprint(rawMessages)

从原始消息中获取电子邮件地址

import pyzmail
message = pyzmail.PyzMessage.factory(rawMessages[4][b'BODY[]'])

message.get_subject() #查看主题

message.get_address('from') #每个元组包含两个字符串：第一个是与该电子邮件地址关联的名称，第二个是电子邮件地址本身

message.get_address('to')

message.get_addresses('cc')

message.get_addresses('bcc')

从原始消息中获取正文

message.text_part != True

message.text_part.get_payload().decode(message.text_part.charset) #'NoneType' object has no attribute 'get_payload'

message.html_part != None

message.html_part.get_payload().decode(message.html_part.charset)

删除电子邮件

imapObj.select_folder('INBOX', readonly=False)

UIDs = imapObj.search(['ON 26-AUG-2019'])
UIDs

imapObj.delete_messages(UIDs)

imapObj.expunge()

pprint.pprint(imapObj.list_folders()) #INBOX收件箱 Sent Messages发件箱 Drafts草稿箱 Deleted Messages已删除 Junk垃圾箱

从IMAP服务器断开

imapObj.logout()

项目：向会员发送会费提醒电子邮件

打开Excel文件

import openpyxl,smtplib,sys

# Open the spreadsheet and get the latest dues status.
wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(r"C:\Users\Administrator\automate_online-materials\duesRecords.xlsx")
sheet = wb.active

lastCol = sheet.max_column
latestMonth = sheet.cell(row=1,column=lastCol).value

查找所有未付成员

# TODO: Check each member's payment status.
unpaidMembers = {}
for r in range(2,sheet.max_row+1):
    payment = sheet.cell(row=r,column=lastCol).value
    if payment != 'paid':
        name = sheet.cell(row=r,column=1).value
        email = sheet.cell(row=r,column=2).value
        unpaidMembers[name] = email

发送定制的电子邮件提醒

# TODO: Log in to email account.
smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL('pop.exmail.qq.com',465)
smtpObj.ehlo()
smtpObj.login("7379@jics.cn",input())

# TODO: Send out reminder emails.
for name,email in unpaidMembers.items():
    body = '''Subject: %s dues unpaid.\nDear %s,\nRecord show that you have not paid dues for %s.
    Please make this payment as soon as possible. Thank you!''' % (latestMonth,name,latestMonth)
    print('Sending email to %s ...  '% email)
    sendmailStatus = smtpObj.sendmail('7379@jics.cn',email,body)

    if sendmailStatus != {}:
        print("There was a problem sending email to %s:%s") % (email,sendmailStatus)
smtpObj.quit()