（一）构建基于ubuntu docker MySQL 5.6 镜像并推送到Docker Hub

一，创建目录
二，文件准备
三，构建
四，使用
五，在宿主机上连接docker 中的mysql
六，推送镜像到Docker hub

一，创建目录

mkdir -p mysql/5.6

二，文件准备

注意执行脚本的权限，如果没有执行权限，构建的镜像里面也没有执行权限，导致启动失败。

my.cnf

[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
# http://www.percona.com/blog/2008/05/31/dns-achilles-heel-mysql-installation/
skip_name_resolve
#server-id
#log-bin

mysqld_charset.cnf

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
character_set_filesystem=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_general_ci'
skip-character-set-client-handshake

import_sql.sh

#!/bin/bash

if [[ $# -ne 3 ]]; then
    echo "Usage: $0 <username> <password> </path/to/sql_file.sql>"
    exit 1
fi

echo "=> Starting MySQL Server"
/usr/bin/mysqld_safe > /dev/null 2>&1 &
PID=$!

RET=1
while [[ $RET -ne 0 ]]; do
    echo "=> Waiting for confirmation of MySQL service startup"
    sleep 5
    mysql -u"$1" -p"$2" -e "status" > /dev/null 2>&1
    RET=$?
done

echo "  Started with PID ${PID}"

echo "=> Importing SQL file"
mysql -u"$1" -p"$2" < "$3"

echo "=> Stopping MySQL Server"
mysqladmin -u"$1" -p"$2" shutdown

echo "=> Done!"

run.sh

#!/bin/bash

set -m
set -e

VOLUME_HOME="/var/lib/mysql"
CONF_FILE="/etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf"
LOG="/var/log/mysql/error.log"

# Set permission of config file
chmod 644 ${CONF_FILE}
chmod 644 /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysqld_charset.cnf

StartMySQL ()
{
    /usr/bin/mysqld_safe ${EXTRA_OPTS} > /dev/null 2>&1 &
    # Time out in 1 minute
    LOOP_LIMIT=60
    for (( i=0 ; ; i++ )); do
        if [ ${i} -eq ${LOOP_LIMIT} ]; then
            echo "Time out. Error log is shown as below:"
            tail -n 100 ${LOG}
            exit 1
        fi
        echo "=> Waiting for confirmation of MySQL service startup, trying ${i}/${LOOP_LIMIT} …"
        sleep 1
        mysql -uroot -e "status" > /dev/null 2>&1 && break
    done
}

CreateMySQLUser()
{
    if [ "$MYSQL_PASS" = "**Random**" ]; then
        unset MYSQL_PASS
    fi

    PASS=${MYSQL_PASS:-$(pwgen -s 12 1)}
    _word=$( [ ${MYSQL_PASS} ] && echo "preset" || echo "random" )
    echo "=> Creating MySQL user ${MYSQL_USER} with ${_word} password"

    mysql -uroot -e "CREATE USER '${MYSQL_USER}'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '$PASS'"
    mysql -uroot -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO '${MYSQL_USER}'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION"
    echo "=> Done!"
    echo "========================================================================"
    echo "You can now connect to this MySQL Server using:"
    echo ""
    echo "    mysql -u$MYSQL_USER -p$PASS -h<host> -P<port>"
    echo ""
    echo "Please remember to change the above password as soon as possible!"
    echo "MySQL user 'root' has no password but only allows local connections"
    echo "========================================================================"
}

OnCreateDB()
{
    if [ "$ON_CREATE_DB" = "**False**" ]; then
        unset ON_CREATE_DB
    else
        echo "Creating MySQL database ${ON_CREATE_DB}"
        mysql -uroot -e "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS ${ON_CREATE_DB};"
        echo "Database created!"
    fi
}

ImportSql()
{
    for FILE in ${STARTUP_SQL}; do
        echo "=> Importing SQL file ${FILE}"
        if [ "$ON_CREATE_DB" ]; then
            mysql -uroot "$ON_CREATE_DB" < "${FILE}"
        else
            mysql -uroot < "${FILE}"
        fi
    done
}

# Main
if [ ${REPLICATION_MASTER} == "**False**" ]; then
    unset REPLICATION_MASTER
fi

if [ ${REPLICATION_SLAVE} == "**False**" ]; then
    unset REPLICATION_SLAVE
fi

# Initialize empty data volume and create MySQL user
if [[ ! -d $VOLUME_HOME/mysql ]]; then
    echo "=> An empty or uninitialized MySQL volume is detected in $VOLUME_HOME"
    echo "=> Installing MySQL …"
    if [ ! -f /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf ] ; then
        cp /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf
    fi
    mysql_install_db || exit 1
    touch /var/lib/mysql/.EMPTY_DB
    echo "=> Done!"
else
    echo "=> Using an existing volume of MySQL"
fi

# Set MySQL REPLICATION - MASTER
if [ -n "${REPLICATION_MASTER}" ]; then
    echo "=> Configuring MySQL replication as master (1/2) …"
    if [ ! -f /replication_set.1 ]; then
        RAND="$(date +%s | rev | cut -c 1-2)$(echo ${RANDOM})"
        echo "=> Writting configuration file '${CONF_FILE}' with server-id=${RAND}"
        sed -i "s/^#server-id.*/server-id = ${RAND}/" ${CONF_FILE}
        sed -i "s/^#log-bin.*/log-bin = mysql-bin/" ${CONF_FILE}
        touch /replication_set.1
    else
        echo "=> MySQL replication master already configured, skip"
    fi
fi

# Set MySQL REPLICATION - SLAVE
if [ -n "${REPLICATION_SLAVE}" ]; then
    echo "=> Configuring MySQL replication as slave (1/2) …"
    if [ -n "${MYSQL_PORT_3306_TCP_ADDR}" ] && [ -n "${MYSQL_PORT_3306_TCP_PORT}" ]; then
        if [ ! -f /replication_set.1 ]; then
            RAND="$(date +%s | rev | cut -c 1-2)$(echo ${RANDOM})"
            echo "=> Writting configuration file '${CONF_FILE}' with server-id=${RAND}"
            sed -i "s/^#server-id.*/server-id = ${RAND}/" ${CONF_FILE}
            sed -i "s/^#log-bin.*/log-bin = mysql-bin/" ${CONF_FILE}
            touch /replication_set.1
        else
            echo "=> MySQL replication slave already configured, skip"
        fi
    else
        echo "=> Cannot configure slave, please link it to another MySQL container with alias as 'mysql'"
        exit 1
    fi
fi

echo "=> Starting MySQL …"
StartMySQL
tail -F $LOG &

# Create admin user and pre create database
if [ -f /var/lib/mysql/.EMPTY_DB ]; then
    echo "=> Creating admin user …"
    CreateMySQLUser
    OnCreateDB
    rm /var/lib/mysql/.EMPTY_DB
fi

# Import Startup SQL
if [ -n "${STARTUP_SQL}" ]; then
    if [ ! -f /sql_imported ]; then
        echo "=> Initializing DB with ${STARTUP_SQL}"
        ImportSql
        touch /sql_imported
    fi
fi

# Set MySQL REPLICATION - MASTER
if [ -n "${REPLICATION_MASTER}" ]; then
    echo "=> Configuring MySQL replication as master (2/2) …"
    if [ ! -f /replication_set.2 ]; then
        echo "=> Creating a log user ${REPLICATION_USER}:${REPLICATION_PASS}"
        mysql -uroot -e "CREATE USER '${REPLICATION_USER}'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '${REPLICATION_PASS}'"
        mysql -uroot -e "GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO '${REPLICATION_USER}'@'%'"
        mysql -uroot -e "reset master"
        echo "=> Done!"
        touch /replication_set.2
    else
        echo "=> MySQL replication master already configured, skip"
    fi
fi

# Set MySQL REPLICATION - SLAVE
if [ -n "${REPLICATION_SLAVE}" ]; then
    echo "=> Configuring MySQL replication as slave (2/2) …"
    if [ -n "${MYSQL_PORT_3306_TCP_ADDR}" ] && [ -n "${MYSQL_PORT_3306_TCP_PORT}" ]; then
        if [ ! -f /replication_set.2 ]; then
            echo "=> Setting master connection info on slave"
            mysql -uroot -e "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='${MYSQL_PORT_3306_TCP_ADDR}',MASTER_USER='${MYSQL_ENV_REPLICATION_USER}',MASTER_PASSWORD='${MYSQL_ENV_REPLICATION_PASS}',MASTER_PORT=${MYSQL_PORT_3306_TCP_PORT}, MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=30"
            mysql -uroot -e "start slave"
            echo "=> Done!"
            touch /replication_set.2
        else
            echo "=> MySQL replication slave already configured, skip"
        fi
    else
        echo "=> Cannot configure slave, please link it to another MySQL container with alias as 'mysql'"
        exit 1
    fi
fi

fg

Dockerfile

FROM ubuntu:trusty
MAINTAINER Fernando Mayo <fernando@tutum.co>, Feng Honglin <hfeng@tutum.co>

# Add MySQL configuration
COPY my.cnf /etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf
COPY mysqld_charset.cnf /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysqld_charset.cnf

RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get -yq install mysql-server-5.6 pwgen && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \
    rm /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysqld_safe_syslog.cnf && \
    if [ ! -f /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf ] ; then cp /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf; fi && \
    mysql_install_db > /dev/null 2>&1 && \
    touch /var/lib/mysql/.EMPTY_DB

# Add MySQL scripts
COPY import_sql.sh /import_sql.sh
COPY run.sh /run.sh

ENV MYSQL_USER=admin \
    MYSQL_PASS=**Random** \
    ON_CREATE_DB=**False** \
    REPLICATION_MASTER=**False** \
    REPLICATION_SLAVE=**False** \
    REPLICATION_USER=replica \
    REPLICATION_PASS=replica

# Add VOLUMEs to allow backup of config and databases
VOLUME  ["/etc/mysql", "/var/lib/mysql"]

EXPOSE 3306
CMD ["/run.sh"]

docker-compose.yml

db:
  image: tutum/mysql:5.6
  environment:
    MYSQL_PASS: "**ChangeMe**"

三，构建

docker build -t mysql mysql/5.6/

使用下面的标签也可

docker build -t hxy/mysql:5.6 mysql/5.6/       -t 仓库名/镜像名：tag

构建过程末尾出现，Successful(如出现问题，检查Dockerfile语法及目录文件书写是否正确)

Successfully built 6ae62f4234ed
Successfully tagged mysql111:5.6666

四，使用

[root@bogon ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hxy/mysql                 5.6                 a13c49e4455a        3 minutes ago       506MB

运行docker，并且绑定端口3306

docker run -d -p 3306:3306 hxy/mysql:5.6

第一次运行时一个admin 用户被创建，并且赋予所有的权限，和一个随机密码，通过下面的命令查看密码

  docker logs <CONTAINER_ID>

类似

[root@bogon ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
67d302dc6eb5        hxy/mysql:5.6       "/run.sh"           6 seconds ago       Up 4 seconds        0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   ecstatic_poitras
[root@bogon ~]#
[root@bogon ~]#
[root@bogon ~]# docker logs 67d302dc6eb5
=> Using an existing volume of MySQL
=> Starting MySQL …
=> Waiting for confirmation of MySQL service startup, trying 0/60 …
=> Waiting for confirmation of MySQL service startup, trying 1/60 …
=> Waiting for confirmation of MySQL service startup, trying 2/60 …
=> Creating admin user …
=> Creating MySQL user admin with random password
2018-01-05 03:13:00 917 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.33 started; log sequence number 1626017
2018-01-05 03:13:00 917 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 55b1290a-f1c6-11e7-80c4-0242ac110002.
2018-01-05 03:13:00 917 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '0.0.0.0'; port: 3306
2018-01-05 03:13:00 917 [Note]   - '0.0.0.0' resolves to '0.0.0.0';
2018-01-05 03:13:00 917 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '0.0.0.0'.
2018-01-05 03:13:00 917 [Warning] 'user' entry 'root@0b93885822f4' ignored in --skip-name-resolve mode.
2018-01-05 03:13:00 917 [Warning] 'proxies_priv' entry '@ root@0b93885822f4' ignored in --skip-name-resolve mode.
2018-01-05 03:13:00 917 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
2018-01-05 03:13:00 917 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.6.33-0ubuntu0.14.04.1'  socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'  port: 3306  (Ubuntu)
tail: unrecognized file system type 0x794c7630 for '/var/log/mysql/error.log'. please report this to bug-coreutils@gnu.org. reverting to polling
=> Done!
========================================================================
You can now connect to this MySQL Server using:
    mysql -uadmin -p2G0YfZRlA1wo -h<host> -P<port>
Please remember to change the above password as soon as possible!
MySQL user 'root' has no password but only allows local connections
========================================================================
tail -F $LOG

指定一个密码：

docker run -d -p 3307:3306 -e MYSQL_PASS="mypass" haoxy/mysql：5.6
mysql -uadmin -p"mypass"

五，在宿主机上连接docker 中的mysql

在宿主机上安装mysql客户端（以CentOS 7 为例）

yum install mysql-server mysql-devel mysql

 mysql -uadmin -pmypass -h192.168.0.169 -P3307

说明：192.168.0.169 为宿主机的IP地址，3307 是宿主机映射给容器的地址

六，推送镜像到Docker hub

1. 登陆
docker login
2.修改镜像名（仓库名斜线前面必须是Docker Hub id）
[root@bogon .docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY                TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hxy/mysql                 5.6                 f9fd65d0145d        2 days ago          506MB

[root@bogon .docker]# docker tag f9fd65d0145d haoxy/mysql:5.6
[root@bogon .docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY                TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
haoxy/mysql               5.6                 f9fd65d0145d        2 days ago          506MB
hxy/mysql                 5.6                 f9fd65d0145d        2 days ago          506MB
3. 推送镜像
[root@bogon .docker]# docker push haoxy/mysql

登陆到Dcoker Hub上查看

官方镜像参考：https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql/

参考：https://github.com/tutumcloud/mysql/tree/master

来自为知笔记(Wiz)