天际线问题,参考自: 百草园

天际线为当前线段的最高高度,所以用最大堆处理,当遍历到线段右端点时需要删除该线段的高度,priority_queue不提供删除的操作,要用unordered_map来标记要删除的元素。从heap中pop的时候先看有没有被标记过,如果标记过,就一直pop直到空或都找到没被标记过的值(之前的值被标记过也要删除干净,因为到当前x坐标时,标记过的高度已失效)。为排除冗余答案,需要提前对线段排序,横坐标相等时,都是左端点,按y从大到小(只记录高的端点),都是右端点,按y从小到大(只记录高的端点),一左一右,左在前右在后,不重复记录。

 class Solution {
private:
enum NODE_TYPE {LEFT, RIGHT};
struct node{
int x,y;
NODE_TYPE type;
node(int _x, int _y, NODE_TYPE _type): x(_x),y(_y),type(_type){}
}; public:
vector<vector<int>> getSkyline(vector<vector<int>>& buildings) {
vector<node> height;
for(int i=;i<buildings.size();i++){
height.push_back(node(buildings[i][],buildings[i][],LEFT));
height.push_back(node(buildings[i][],buildings[i][],RIGHT));
}
sort(height.begin(),height.end(),[](const node &a, const node& b) {
if(a.x!=b.x)return a.x<b.x;
else if(a.type==b.type && a.type == LEFT) return a.y>b.y;
else if(a.type==b.type && a.type == RIGHT) return a.y<b.y;
else return a.type == LEFT;
});
priority_queue<int> heap;
heap.push();
unordered_map<int,int> mp; // remove the element in heap
int cur=,pre=;
vector<vector<int>> res;
for(auto & h : height){
if(h.type == LEFT){
heap.push(h.y);
} else {
mp[h.y]++;
while(!heap.empty()&&mp[heap.top()]>) {
mp[heap.top()]--;
heap.pop();
}
}
cur = heap.top();
if(cur!=pre){
res.push_back({h.x,cur});
pre = cur;
}
}
return res;
}
};

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